نقش خوشه های صنعتی بر رقابت پذیری منطقه ای (نمونه موردی: خوشه ی تجهیزات نفت، گاز و پتروشیمی خوزستان)
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت صنعتی
Hashem Dadashpor
1
,
Zahra Ahmadipour
2
,
Abolfazl Moarrefi
3
1 - Associate Professor, Urban and Regional Planning, Tarbiat Modares University
2 - M.A in Urban and Regional Planning, Tarbiat Modares University
3 - M.A In Industrial Cluster Studies
تاریخ دریافت : 1394/09/03
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/04/28
تاریخ انتشار : 1395/06/04
کلید واژه:
تحلیل عاملی,
factor analysis,
خوشه های صنعتی,
رقابت پذیری منطقه ای,
خوشه ی تجهیزات نفت,
گاز و پتروشیمی خوزستان,
Industrial clusters,
regional competitiveness,
چکیده مقاله :
اصطلاح خوشه به عنوان یک ایده ی برتر برای بحث در مورد نقش توسعه ی صنعتی در توسعه ی منطقه ای از دهه ی 1990 به بعد و در جهت تقویت توان رقابتی و ابزاری جهت ارتقای رقابت پذیری مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. محققان توسعه سرزمینی معتقدند شکل گیری خوشه های صنعتی- منطقه ای، استعداد رقابت پذیری را ارتقا بخشیده و در بهبود مزیت های رقابتی و توسعه منطقه ای موثر است. از این رو دست یابی به مزایای رقابتی، خوشه های صنعتی را به یک نقطه کانونی توجه علمی و سیاست گذاری تبدیل کرده است. با این توضیحات هدف این تحقیق، بررسی و تحلیل نقش خوشه های صنعتی بر توسعه رقابت پذیری منطقه ای و با این فرضیه که به نظر می رسد هر چه شدت روابط در خوشه های صنعتی بالاتر رود، رقابت پذیری منطقه ای هم افزایش می یابد، می باشد. روش تحقیق، از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی است و از پرسش نامه جهت جمع آوری داده ها استفاده گردیده است که پس از تایید روایی و پایایی، داده های جمع آوری شده توسط نرم افزار های spss و lisrel پردازش گردیده. نتایج تحقیق ضمن تایید ارتباط بین افزایش شدت روابط در خوشه های صنعتی با افزایش رقابت پذیری منطقه ای، عوامل موثر بر توسعه و تحریک رقابت پذیری منطقه ای را به ترتیب درجه تأثیر در قالب 4 عامل:1) روابط اجتماعی؛ 2) روابط مکانی جغرافیایی؛3) روابط اقتصادی و 4) روابط نهادی- سازمانی شناسایی کرده است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
As a novel idea for discussion on the role of industrial development on regional development, the term “cluster” became noteworthy since 90’s in order to increase competitiveness. Territorial development researchers believe that formation of regional industrial clusters improves competitiveness and plays a role in promoting competitive advantages and regional development. Hence, because of the possibility of realization of competitive advantage, industrial clusters became a focal point for research and policymaking. Against this background, the purpose of this research is to analyze and review the role of industrial clusters on the development of regional competitiveness and assumes that the higher number of relations in an industrial cluster leads to higher level of regional competitiveness. The research applies descriptive-analytical research method and utilizes questionnaire to collect data. The data was studied by SPSS and Lisrel software packs after approval of validity and reliability of data. Findings corroborate the relationship between the higher number of relations in industrial clusters with the higher level of regional competitiveness and also identifies the contributing factors to development and stimulation of regional development which is ranked by the order of their effect as follows: 1. Social relations, 2. Geographic and location relations, 3. Economic relations, and 4. Institutional relations.
منابع و مأخذ:
Baja, C. (2011). Clusters Models, Factors and characteristics. International Journal of Economic Practices and Theories. 1 (1), 34-43.
Barkley, D. & Henry, M. (2004). Targeting Industry Clusters for Regional Economic Development. Regional Economic Development Research Laboratory, Clemson University, South Carolina, 1-30.
Bekele, G. &Jackson, R. (2006). Theoretical perspectives on Industry Clusters. Regional Research Institute, Research Paper, 2006(5). 1-26.
Bengtsson, M. &Solvell, O. (2004).Climate of competition, clusters and innovative performance. Scandinavian journal of management,20.
Brown, K. Burgess. J. Festing, M. Royer, S. Steffen, Ch.2007. Toward a new conceptualization of clusters. 21th ANZAM 2007 conference, Pages Pp.1-13, Sydney, Australia.
Camison, C. (2004). Shared,Competence-based view of industrial-district Competitiveness, Environment and Planning, Volume.36. 2227-2256
Dadashpor,H. 2009, Industrial Clusters, Learning and regional Development, Rahbord Yas Jornal. 18: 15-23
Dadashpor,H.(2011), New Theores and Models of Regional Development, Political & Economic Ettelaat Journal. 25:9.285
Dadashpor,H. and Fathjalali,A. 2013. Analyzing the patterns of regional specialization and spatial concentration of industries in Iran, Regional Planning, Journal. 11: 1-18
Dadashpor, H and Portaheri, M. and Moarrefi, A,(2013), The Investigation and Analysis of Relationship Industrial Clustering And the improvement of learning capabilities in the Printing / Publishing and Furniture Industries in Qom’ Metropolis, Idustrial Management Journal of Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch,25: 93-104
Droudi,H.(2011), Examine the competitiveness of industrial clusters leading in Tehran, Thesis, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Payamnoor-Tehran
Felzenztein,Christian&Gimmon,eli,Industrial Clustera and Social Networking for enhancing inter-firm cooperation:The case of natural resources-based industries in chile,jbm,Vol.2,2008
Kiarasi,F.(2008), Diagnostic Study Report of Equipment Oil, Gas and Petrochemical in Khozestan-Iran, ISIPO ORG.
Moarrefi, A. Ashtiani, V. Ilanloo,M (2012), Industrail Cluters Theory and Applications in Urban and Regional Planning, AienMahmoud Pub,Qom,
Nateq,M. (2006). The Role of Clustering on Increasing Competitiveness of SMEs with Focus on Marketing Development, Institute for trade Studies Research, Tehran, First Edition
Maniam,R, (2012),University-industry collaboration in cluster growth,V.10,pp:43-58
Martinez,C. (1998). Industry clusters: competitive advantage through innovation. HURDO
Marian Isbasoiu, G, (2006). Industrial clusters and regional Development. MPRA Paper. No.5.37, posted7.
Mills, K.G. & Reynolds, E.B. & Reamer, A. (2008). Clusters and competitiveness. A new Federal Role for Stimulating Regional Economies. Blue print for American prosperity, unleashing the potential of a Metropolitan Nation, (1- 51)
Moarrefi. A, Ashtiani V, ilanloo. M(2012) , Industrial Clusters in Regional Development, Aein Mahmod, Qom
Moarrefi. A, Ashtiani V, ilanloo. M(2013), Busines Clusters Development Management, Mehr Sajjad, Qom
Porter, M. (1998). Location, Clusters and the new Microeconomic of competition. Business Economics, 33:1, 7-17.
Saxenian, A. (1996).Inside-out: Regional networks and industrial adaptation in Silicon Valley and route 128. A journal of policy development and research(2),1-20.
Scott, A. & Storper, M. (2003). Regions, Globalization, Development. Regional studies.37:687:579-593.
Enright,M & Roberts,B, (2001),Regional clustering in Astralia,Australian Journal of management, 26:65-86
Estevao,C.& Ferreira, J. (2010). Regional competitiveness of tourism cluster
Gascon, J.Pezzi, A. Casals, A. 2010, Clusters and Competitiveness, Government of Catalonia, ISBN 9788439387237.
Porter,Michael,(2003),The Economic Performance of Regions,Regional studies,.37.6&7
Peters, D, (2004). Revisiting Industru Cluster Theory and Method to Use in Public Policy, MID- Contnent regional science association, 33th ANNUAL MEETING, june 2004.
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Baja, C. (2011). Clusters Models, Factors and characteristics. International Journal of Economic Practices and Theories. 1 (1), 34-43.
Barkley, D. & Henry, M. (2004). Targeting Industry Clusters for Regional Economic Development. Regional Economic Development Research Laboratory, Clemson University, South Carolina, 1-30.
Bekele, G. &Jackson, R. (2006). Theoretical perspectives on Industry Clusters. Regional Research Institute, Research Paper, 2006(5). 1-26.
Bengtsson, M. &Solvell, O. (2004).Climate of competition, clusters and innovative performance. Scandinavian journal of management,20.
Brown, K. Burgess. J. Festing, M. Royer, S. Steffen, Ch.2007. Toward a new conceptualization of clusters. 21th ANZAM 2007 conference, Pages Pp.1-13, Sydney, Australia.
Camison, C. (2004). Shared,Competence-based view of industrial-district Competitiveness, Environment and Planning, Volume.36. 2227-2256
Dadashpor,H. 2009, Industrial Clusters, Learning and regional Development, Rahbord Yas Jornal. 18: 15-23
Dadashpor,H.(2011), New Theores and Models of Regional Development, Political & Economic Ettelaat Journal. 25:9.285
Dadashpor,H. and Fathjalali,A. 2013. Analyzing the patterns of regional specialization and spatial concentration of industries in Iran, Regional Planning, Journal. 11: 1-18
Dadashpor, H and Portaheri, M. and Moarrefi, A,(2013), The Investigation and Analysis of Relationship Industrial Clustering And the improvement of learning capabilities in the Printing / Publishing and Furniture Industries in Qom’ Metropolis, Idustrial Management Journal of Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch,25: 93-104
Droudi,H.(2011), Examine the competitiveness of industrial clusters leading in Tehran, Thesis, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Payamnoor-Tehran
Felzenztein,Christian&Gimmon,eli,Industrial Clustera and Social Networking for enhancing inter-firm cooperation:The case of natural resources-based industries in chile,jbm,Vol.2,2008
Kiarasi,F.(2008), Diagnostic Study Report of Equipment Oil, Gas and Petrochemical in Khozestan-Iran, ISIPO ORG.
Moarrefi, A. Ashtiani, V. Ilanloo,M (2012), Industrail Cluters Theory and Applications in Urban and Regional Planning, AienMahmoud Pub,Qom,
Nateq,M. (2006). The Role of Clustering on Increasing Competitiveness of SMEs with Focus on Marketing Development, Institute for trade Studies Research, Tehran, First Edition
Maniam,R, (2012),University-industry collaboration in cluster growth,V.10,pp:43-58
Martinez,C. (1998). Industry clusters: competitive advantage through innovation. HURDO
Marian Isbasoiu, G, (2006). Industrial clusters and regional Development. MPRA Paper. No.5.37, posted7.
Mills, K.G. & Reynolds, E.B. & Reamer, A. (2008). Clusters and competitiveness. A new Federal Role for Stimulating Regional Economies. Blue print for American prosperity, unleashing the potential of a Metropolitan Nation, (1- 51)
Moarrefi. A, Ashtiani V, ilanloo. M(2012) , Industrial Clusters in Regional Development, Aein Mahmod, Qom
Moarrefi. A, Ashtiani V, ilanloo. M(2013), Busines Clusters Development Management, Mehr Sajjad, Qom
Porter, M. (1998). Location, Clusters and the new Microeconomic of competition. Business Economics, 33:1, 7-17.
Saxenian, A. (1996).Inside-out: Regional networks and industrial adaptation in Silicon Valley and route 128. A journal of policy development and research(2),1-20.
Scott, A. & Storper, M. (2003). Regions, Globalization, Development. Regional studies.37:687:579-593.
Enright,M & Roberts,B, (2001),Regional clustering in Astralia,Australian Journal of management, 26:65-86
Estevao,C.& Ferreira, J. (2010). Regional competitiveness of tourism cluster
Gascon, J.Pezzi, A. Casals, A. 2010, Clusters and Competitiveness, Government of Catalonia, ISBN 9788439387237.
Porter,Michael,(2003),The Economic Performance of Regions,Regional studies,.37.6&7
Peters, D, (2004). Revisiting Industru Cluster Theory and Method to Use in Public Policy, MID- Contnent regional science association, 33th ANNUAL MEETING, june 2004.
