تحلیل نقش تعدیل کنندگی یادگیری سازمانی در رابطه بین مدیریت کیفیت جامع و عملکرد نوآورانه (مطالعه موردی: شرکت ایران دارو)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت صنعتیPeyman Akbari 1 , Omid Baharestan 2 , Ali Nasr Esfahani 3
1 - M.A in Commercial Management, Young Researchers Club, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 - M.A in Commercial Management, Department of Management, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
کلید واژه: یادگیری سازمانی, Total Quality Management, مدل معادلات ساختاری, مدیریت کیفیت جامع, Organizational Learning, Structural equation model, Innovation performance, عملکرد نوآورانه, شرکت ایران دارو, Iran Drug Co,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از انجام این تحقیق تحلیل تأثیر مدیریت کیفیت جامع و یادگیری سازمانی بر عملکرد نوآورانه در شرکت ایران دارو می باشد. تحقیق حاضر از لحاظ هدف، از نوع کاربردی و از لحاظ روش، توصیفی- پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق شامل 210 نفر از کارکنان شرکت ایران دارو است، که از بین آنها 136 نفر به عنوان نمونه با استفاده از جدول مورگان برای یک دوره 6 ماه اول سال 1391 انتخاب شدند. با این وصف شیوه نمونه گیری تحقیق، طبقه ای است. جهت جمع آوری داده ها، از پرسشنامه مدیریت کیفیت جامع از کویله شاپیرو (2002)؛ پرسشنامه یادگیری سازمانی از رودز و همکاران (2008) و پرسشنامه عملکرد نوآورانه از پراجوگو و سوهال (2003)، استفاده شد. روایی پرسشنامه ها توسط جمعی از استادان دانشگاهی مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. سپس برای تعیین اعتبار سازه از تحلیل عاملی تأییدی استفاده شد که نتایج حاکی از این بود که بار عاملی تمام گویه ها بالای 05/0 بود که نشان از روایی مناسب ابزار سنجش بود. پایایی آنها نیز با محاسبه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ برای پرسشنامه اول 91/0؛ برای پرسشنامه دوم 87/0 و پرسشنامه سوم 89/0 بدست آمد. با استفاده از همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون خطی وگام به گام توسط نرم افزار SPSS داده های تحقیق مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که بین فعالیت های مدیریت کیفیت جامع و یادگیری سازمانی، بین یادگیری سازمانی و عملکرد نوآورانه و بین مدیریت کیفیت جامع و عملکرد نوآورانه رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که یادگیری سازمانی در ارتباط میان مدیریت کیفیت جامع و عملکرد نوآورانه نقش تعدیل کننده را دارد. و اثر مدیریت کیفیت جامع بر عملکرد نوآورانه را کاهش می دهد. از سوی دیگر در این تحقیق جهت آزمون مدل مفهومی تحقیق از مدل معادلات ساختاری استفاده شد که نتایج حاکی از برازش مطلوب مدل بود و به همین دلیل به عنوان مدل تجربی ارائه شده است.
The purpose of this study is the impact analysis "total quality management and organizational learning" on "innovation performance" employees in Iran Drug Co. The statistical population is included 210 employees from Iran Drug Co. 136 people were selected based on random class as a sample size by using the Morgan statistical tables for a period of 6 months in 2012. For data collection, Total Quality Management Questionnaire of Coyle-Shapiro (2002), organizational learning Questionnaire of Rhodes et al (2008) and innovation performance questionnaire of Prajogo and Sohal (2003) were used. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a number of university professors. The confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the construct validity and the results show that the load factor of all items was top of the 0.05 which was showing a reliable measure. Their reliability was obtained with Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the questionnaires were respectively 0.91, 0.87 0.89. the data were analyzed by using Linear and Stepwise Regressions and by SPSS software. Results showed that there is the significant relationship between TQM and organizational learning, between organizational learning and innovation performance and between TQM and innovation performance. Also, Results showed that organizational learning has moderating role between TQM and innovation performance. So, it reduces the effects of total quality management on innovation performance.
1- Afuah, A. (1988). Innovation Management. Oxford University Press.
2- Antony, J., Leung, K., Knowles, G., & Gosh, S. (2002). Critical success factors of TQM implementation in Hong Kong industries. International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, 19) 5(, 551-66.
3- Alegra, J., & Chiva, R. (2008). Assessing the Impact of Organizational Learning Capability on Product Innovation Performance: An Empirical Test. Journal of Tec novation, 28(6), 315-326.
4- Bontis, N., Crossan, M., & Hulland, J. (2002). Managing an organizational learning system by aligning stocks and flows. Journal of Management Studies, 39(4), 437–469.
5- Crossan, M.M., Lane, H.M., White, R. E., & Djurfeldt, L. (1995). Organizational learning: Dimensions for a theory. The International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 3(4), 337–360.
6- Coyle-Shapiro, J. (2002). Changeling employee attitude: "The independent effects of TQM and profit sharing on continuous improvement orientation. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 38(1), 57–77.
7- Dodgeson, M. (1993). Organizational learning: A review of some literature. Journal of Organization Studies, 14(3), 375–394.
8- Damanpour, F. (1998). Organizational innovation: A meta-analysis of effects of determinants and moderators. Academy of Management Journal, 34(3), 555–590.
9- Dinh, T. H., Babara, I., & Tritos, L. S. (2006). The Impact of Total Quality management on Innovation Findings from a developing country. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 23(9), 1092-1117.
10- Egan, T.M., Yang, B., & Bartlett, K. (2004). The effects of learning culture and job satisfaction on motivation to transfer learning and intention to turnover. Journal of Human Resource Development, 15(3), 279–301.
11- Farsijani H., SamieiINeyestani A.A.F. (2010). Surveying the Role of Integration between TQM and Technology Management in Determining Quality and Innovation Performance (Survey around: Product companies Located AT Markazi Province). Journal of Information Technology Management, 2(4), 117-136.
12- Giebel, M., Essmann, H., Du Preez, N., & Jochem, R. (2009). Improved innovation through the integration of Quality Gates into the Enterprise and Product Lifecycle Roadmaps. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, 1, 199–205.
13- Hoang D.T., Igel B., & Laosirihongthong T. (2006). The impact of total quality management on innovation: Findings from a developing country. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 23 (9), 1092 – 1117.
14- Honarpour, A., & Asadi, A. (2012). TQM and Organizational Learning: A Methodological Perspective. International Journal of Business and Management Tomorrow, 2 (9), 1-6.
15- Hossein Beigi, A. R., Ebrahim Nejad, A., & Soltanifar, M. (2009). Organizational learning through quality control circles. Towth International Conference of Iranian Operations Research. Tehran-Iran.
16- Hung, R.Y., Lien, B.Y., Yang, B., Wu, C. & Kuo, Y. (2011). Impact of TQM and organizational learning on innovation performance in the high-tech industry. Journal of International Business Review, 20(2), 213-225.
17- International Organization for standardization (ISO), ISO 9000:2005."Quality Management Systems, Fundamentals and vocabulary.
18- Jiménez, D.J., Sanz-Valle, R. (2011). Innovation, organizational learning, and performance. Journal of Business Research, Volume 64(4), 408–417.
19- Khalil, T. (2000). Management of Technology: The Key to Competitiveness and Wealth Creation. McGraw-Hill.
20- Kamani, S.M, & Asgari, N. (2012). The Study relationship between organizational climate and innovation in Companies Industrial of Shiraz, Iran. First International Conference of Mananagement, innovation and The national production, Tehran-Iran, 21.
21- Kanji, G. K. (1996). Can total quality management help innovation? Journal of Total Quality Management, 7(1), 3–10.
22- Lam, S. Y., Lee, V. H., Ooi, K. B., & Lin, B. (2011). The relationship between TQM, learning orientation and market performance in service organisations: an empirical analysis. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 22(12), 1277-1297.
23- Mashayekhi A.N., Askarinezhad Amiri A. (2010). Strategic modernization from Organizational Learning Perspective: Empirical Examination of the 4I Model. Iranian Journal of Management Sciences, 5(18):1-27.
24- Martinez-Costa, M., & Jimenez-Jimenez, D. (2008). Are companies that implement TQM better learning organizations? An empirical study. Journal of Total Quality Management, 19 (11), 1101–1115.
25- Martinez-Costa, M., & Jimenez-Jimenez, D. (2009). The effectiveness of TQM: The key role of organizational learning in small business. International Small Business Journal, 27(1), 98–125.
26- Morgan, R. E., Katsikeas, C. S., & Appiah-Adu, K. (1998). Market orientation and organizational learning capabilities. Journal of Marketing Management, 14(4), 353–381.
27- Nikoomaram, H., & Ma'atoofi, A.R. (2011). The Effect of Learning Orientation on Market Orientation and Performance in Small-sized Firms: Evidence from Iran. European Journal of Social Sciences,18 (4), 632-642.
28- Olson, E. M., Walker, O. C. & Rueker, R.W. (1995). Organizing for effective new product development: The moderating role product innovativeness. Journal of Marketing, 59(1), 48–62.
29- Ouksel, A., & Vyhmeister, R. (2000). Performance of organizational Design Models and their Impact on organization learning. Journal of Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory, 6(4), 395-410.
30- Prajogo, D.I., & Sohal, A.S. (2004). The multidimensionality of TQM practices in determining quality and innovation performance — an empirical examination. Journal of Tec novation, Volume 24, Issue 6, June 2004, Pages 443–453.
31- Prajogo, D.I., & Sohal, A.S. (2003). The relationship between TQM practices, quality performance, and innovation performance. The International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 20(8) 901–918.
32- Singh, P.J & Smith, A.J (2004). Relationship between TQM and innovation: An Empirical Study", Journal of manufacturing Technology Management, 15 (5), 394-401.
33- Preskill, H., & Torres, R. T., (1999). The role of evaluative enquiry in creating learning organization. Organizational learning and the learning organization, London: Sage.
34- Rhodes, J., Hung, R., Lok, P., Lien, B., & Wu, C. (2008). Factors influencing organizational knowledge transfer: Implication for corporate performance. Journal of Knowledge Management, 12(3), 84–100.
35- Rahman, S. (2004). The future of TQM is past. Can TQM be resurrected? Journal of Total Quality Management", 15 (4), 411–422.
36- Rothaermel, F.T. & Deeds, D.L. (2004). Exploitation alliances in biotechnology: A system of new product development. Journal of Strategic Management, 25(3), 201–221.
37- Satish, K.P, and Srinivasan, R. (2010). Total Quality Management and Innovation Performance: An Empirical Study on the Interrelationships and Effects. SOUTH Asian Journal of Management, 17 (3), 8-22.
38- Srinivasan, R. (2008). Strategic Management, the Indian context, Ch.8, Third Edition, prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.
39- Tang, H.K. (1998). An integrative model of innovation in organizations. Journal of Tec novation, 18(5), 297–309.
40- Tsai, W. (2001). Knowledge transfer in intra organizational networks: Effects of network position and absorptive capacity on business unit innovation and performance. Academy of Management Journal, 44 (5), 996–1004.
41- Tavakoli, G.R. (2001). The role of quality awards in organizational learning (with an emphasis on the units under the Ministry of Defence Ministry). The Master of Business Tarbiat Moddares University.
42- Wang, Y.L, Ellinger, A.D. (2008). Organizational Learning and Innovation Performance: A Review of the Literature and the Development of a Conceptual Framework and Research Hypotheses. Human Resource Development International Research Conference in the Americas (Panama City, FL, Feb 20-24, 2008).
43- Zhang, Li., Tian, Y., & Zhongying Q, A. (2009). A conceptual model organizational learning based on knowledge sharing. Advanced Learning Technologies, 2006. Sixth International Conference, 20(5), 4-6.
_||_