متنوع سازی صادرات محصولات دارویی ایران با کاربرد علم شبکه و تئوری فضای محصول
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت صنعتی
Anvar Khosravi
1
,
saeed Daie-Karimzadeh
2
,
Behrooz Shahmoradi
3
,
Heirsh Soltanpanah
4
1 - Department of Economic, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
2 - Department of Economic, Isfshan (Khorasgan) Branch,, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
3 - financing and economics National Research Institute for Science Policy (NRISP), Tehran, Iran
4 - Management Department, Faculty of Humanities, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/09/28
تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/03/05
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/04/31
کلید واژه:
کشورهای رهبر,
صنعت دارو,
شناسایی,
تسهیل,
سامانه هماهنگ,
چکیده مقاله :
تنوع و تحول ساختاری در اقتصاد، نقش مهمی در فرایند توسعه کشورها ایفا می کند.اما تنوع در تولید و صادرات محصولات دارویی با توجه به ارتباط مستقیم با سلامت انسان و نیز همه گیری کوویید 19 در دو سال اخیر اهمیت دوچندان یافته است. یکی از رویکردهای کاربردی در این زمینه تئوری ساختارگرایان جدید است که با استفاده از آن می توان مزیت های نسبی آشکار و پنهان را شناسایی و راهکارهای عملی جهت تحقق متنوع سازی اقتصاد را پیشنهاد نمود. با بهره گیری از تئوری فضای محصول و علم شبکه و کلان داده صادرات کشورها(پنج‌ساله2018-2014) نتایج بیان گرآن است که ایران از میان 29 محصول دارویی بر مبنای کدهای HS6 درصادرات 4 کد محصول دارای مزیت نسبی آشکار شده، 7 کد محصول دارای مزیت نسبی پنهان و 18 کد محصول فاقد مزیت نسبی آشکار شده و یا پنهان جهت صادرات می باشد. در نهایت اولویت گذاری 7 محصول دارای مزیت نسبی پنهان بر اساس استراتژی ترکیبی با روشهای بردا و کپ لند مشخص و کشورهای پیشرو در هر محصول جهت الگوبرداری ایران تعیین گردیدند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Diversification and structural changes in economies play an important role in the development process of countries. However, the importance of diversity in the manufacture and export of pharmaceutical products has doubled in the last two years due to the direct link between human health and COVID-19 pandemics. One of the practical approaches in this field is the theory of new structuralists, with which it is possible to identify revealed and implied comparative advantages and propose practical solutions to achieve economic diversification. Using product space theory, network science, and countries' export data (2014-2018- five years’ period), it was found that out of 29 pharmaceutical product codes based on six-digit HS codes, Iran has a revealed comparative advantage in export of 4 products, 7 out of 29 product codes have implied comparative advantage and the remaining 18 product codes have no activation potential or zero advantage for export. Based on the combined strategy of the Borda and Copeland methods, the priority of 7 products with implied comparative advantage was determined and the leading countries of each product were determined so that Iran can follow these countries.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Alshamsi, A., Pinheiro, F. L. & Hidalgo, C. A. (2018). Optimal diversification strategies in the networks of related products and of related research areas. Nat. Commun. 9, 13-28.
Bahar, D., Hausmann, R., & Hidalgo, C. (2014). Neighbors and the evolution of the comparative advantage of nations: Evidence of international knowledge diffusion? Journal of International Economics, 92(1), 111-123.
Fortunato, Piergiuseppe, Razo, Carlos, Vroligk, Kasper. (2015). Operationalizing the Product Space: A Road Map to Export Diversificatio. UNCTAD.Discussion Papers. No., 219.
Guevara, M., Hartmann, D., Aristaran, M., Mendoza, M., & Hidalgo, C. (2016): The Research Space: using the career paths of scholars to predict the evolution of the research output of individuals, institutions, and nations. Scientometrics, 103.9, 1695-1709
Hartmann, D., Bezerra, M, Lodolo, B., Pinheiro, F. (2020). International trade, development traps, and tye core-periphery structure of income inequality. Economi 21, 255-278.
Hartmann, D., Bezerra, M., Pinheiro, F. L. (2019). Identifying smart strategies for economic diversification and inclusive growth in developing economies: The case of Paraguay, Hohenheim Discussion Papers in Business, Economics and Social Sciences, No. 04-2019, Universität Hohenheim, Fakultät Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Stuttgart, http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:100-opus-16088.
Hausmann, R., Hidalgo, C. A., Bustos, S., Coscia, M., Chung, S., Jimenez, J., Simoes, A., & Yildirim, M. A. (2013). Diversification and structural transformation for growth and stability in low-income countries: The atlas of economic complexity mapping paths to prosperity. www.cid.harvard.edu/atlas.
Hausmann, Ricardo, Patricio Goldstein, Ana Grisanti, Tim O'Brien, Jorge Tapia, and Miguel Angel Santos. (2020). A Roadmap for Investment Promotion and Export Diversification: The Case for Jordan. CID Working Paper Series 2019.374, Harvard University, Cambridge.
Hausmann, R., Goldstein, P., Grisanti, A., Brien, T., Tapia, J., Angel, M. (2019). A Roadmap for Investment Promotion and Export Diversification: The Case of Jordan. CID Faculty Working Paper No. 374
Hausmann, R., & Klinger, B. (2006). Structural transformation and pattern of
comprative advantage the product space. Harvard University. Working
128.
Hidalgo, C. A., Klinger, B., Barabási, A. L., & Hausmann, R. (2007). The product space conditions the development of nations. Science, 317(5837), 482-487
Kazmi m, Moqhimi, SM, Pourezzat, A. (2019). Identifying dynamic capabilities in pharmaceutical industry by Grounded theory. Journal of future studies managnent, 30(2),1-11
Klinger, B., and D. Lederman. (2004). Discovery and development: an empirical exploration of ‘new’ products. Policy Research Working Paper, No. 3450. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Khavari, S., Jalili, H,, Momeni, F.(2017). Investigation Industerial Development Strategy from a new Structuralists Prespective. Parliament and Strategic Quarterly, 24(91). 101-137.
Khosravi, A,, Daei-Karimzadeh, S,, Shahmoradi, B,, Soltanpanah, H. (2021). Optimizing the Export Diversification Strategy of Iran's Chemical Products
Using Product Spaces and Economic Complexity Theories. Iranian Journal of Economic Studies, 9(2), 595-621. DOI: 10.22099/ijes.2021.40183.1744.
Lian, W., Liy, F., Svirydzenka, K., Zhu, B. (2021). A Diversification Strategy for South Asia. IMF Working Paper.
Lin, Y. (2021). Economic Development, Transition, and New Strutural Economics.Doi:10.1007/978-3-030-50888-3-21.
Mahmodzadeh, M., Karimi, M., Hasanpor, Y. (2012). Anallsis of Iran’s Competitiveness in Drug Exports. Journal of Economic Policy, 4(7). 55-78
Middle East Bank. (2020). A Study of the Iramian Pharmaceutical Industry. Middle East Bank Economic Research Management.
Najafi, Z., Sameti, M., Azarbaiejani, K. Iran`s Intra-Industry Trade Based on a Schumpeterian Factor Endowment Model. Iranian Journal of Management Studies, (2021) 1: 209-243. doi: 10.22059/ijms.2020.290967.673831.
Petralia, S., Balland, P.-A. & Morrison, A. (2017). Climbing the ladder of technological development. Res. Policy, 46, 956–969.
Pinheiro, F. L., Alshamsi, A., Hartmann, D., Boschma, R. & Hidalgo, C. A. (2018). Shooting high or low: do countries benefit from entering unrelated activities? Preprint at arXiv https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.05352
Pitigala, N., Lopez-calix, J. (2021). Trade policy options for export diversification: The case of Mali, Chad, Niger, and Guinea Nihal.Policy and development.4, 261-285
Sagheb, H. (2020). Identifying the Sources of Chemical Export Diversification: Application of Economic complexity and product space. Quarterly Journal of Industrial Economics Researches, 4(12). 35-56.
Sciarra, C., Chiarotti, G., Ridolfi, L. et al (2020). Reconciling contrasting views on economic complexity. Commun., 11, 3352.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16992-1.
Scott, J. T., & Link, A. N. (2017). Commercial complexity and entrepreneurial
Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 26(5), 489–500.
Sezai, Ata. (2020). Evolution of the product space and a new proposal for Turkeys export incentive system. Turkey. Presidency of strategy and budget.
Sørensen, Bo Bjørn., Estmann, Christian, Sarmento, Enidle Francisco. (2020). Economic complexity and structural transformation: the case of Mozambique. WIDER Working Paper 141.
The Business Reasearch Company. (2018). Pharmaceutical Drugs Global Market Report 2018, United States.
Zaldivar, F., Perez, E. (2021). Evolution of the Productive Capabilities of Mexico: Economic Complexity Analysis for the Development of Special Economic Zones (SEZ).The International Trade Journal. https://doi.org/10.1080/08853908.2020.1851328.
