روانشناسی زبان و نقشهای جنسیتی زنانه در حسبحالهای شاعران زن
محورهای موضوعی : ادبیات فارسیزهرا اسمعیلیان آذری 1 , نرگس اسکویی 2 , حسین داداشی 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد بناب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بناب، ایران.
2 - دانشیار، گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد بناب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بناب، ایران.
3 - استادیار، گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد بناب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بناب، ایران.
کلید واژه: نقش جنسیتی زنانه, روانشناسی زبان, حسبحال های شاعران,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی روانشناسی زبان و نقش جنسیتی زنانه در حسبحالهای شاعران زن میباشد. جامعه پژوهش، حسبحالهای منظوم شاعران زن بود. نمونه پژوهش، اشعار مرتبط با حسبحال اشعار سیمین بهبهانی، فروغ فرخزاد، سپیده کاشانی و طاهره صفارزاده بود. روش پژوهش ترکیبی (توصیفی، تحلیل قیاسی،آماری) بود. برای گردآوری دادهها از روش کتابخانهای استفاده شد. داده های به دست آمده نشان داد، تحلیل و تفسیر نقشهای جنسیتی انعکاس یافته در متن حسبحالهای شاعران زن، بر اساس نظریۀ عینک جنسیتی ساندرا بم بوده است وی با شرح اوصاف 20 گانۀ قوی برای زنان در نقشهای جنسیتی، الگویی را برای تعیین میزان باورداشت زنان به هویت وبرچسبهای جنسیتی که فرهنگ و قدرت برای آنان پسندیده و طراحی نموده است در اختیار قرار میدهد. نشانههای معنیداری از تصویر ذهنی راوی از "من" او، در بافت زبانی حسبحال تجلی مییابد که میتواند طرحوارۀ هویتی-جنسیتی مؤلف را برای تحقیقات روانشناختی ترسیم و تکمیل نماید. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که واژگان در حسبحالهای زنان، نشانههای حسی-عاطفی عمیق زنان و تعهد آنان در مقابل جهان (دیگری،طبیعت، جامعه) را نشان میدهد. زنان در برابر نیازهای "دیگری" خونگرم و حساس هستند. غم و اندوه، پذیرش سرنوشت، فرودستی، توسل به باورهای مذهبی و بعضا اعتقادات خرافی برای نجات از گرفتاریهای شخصی و جمعی، تعهد در انجام رسومات اجتماعی-فرهنگی و مطیع بودن، بهعنوان ویژگیهای اصلی هویتی-جنسیتی زنان نمود دارد. جملات ساده و کوتاه در شعر زنان، بیانگر ویژگیهایی چون عدم صراحت، کوتاه آمدن، پذیرش و عدم انتقاد یا مطالبۀ حق از سوی زنان است.
The purpose of this research was to analyze and interpret the gender roles reflected in expressive verses of female poets. The statistical universe of the research included the expressive verses of female poets. The sample embraced expressive verses of Simin Behbahani, Forough Farrokhzad, Sepideh Kashani and Tahereh Safarzadeh. The combined research method was descriptive-comparative-analytical-statistical.) The data collection promoted through the library method. The results indicated that the analysis and interpretation of the gender roles reflected in the expressive verses text of female poets were based on the theory of Sandra Bem's gender glasses. By describing 20 strong attributes for women in gender roles, she provided a model for determining the extent of women's belief in the identity and gender labels that culture and power have favored and designed for them. Significant signs of the narrator's mental image of her "I" were manifested in the expressive verses language context, which could draw and complete the author's identity-gender scheme for psychological research. The results also showed that the words according to women's moods in expressive verses manifested women's deep sensory-emotional signs and their commitment to the world (others, nature, society). Women were warm and sensitive to the needs of "others". Sadness, acceptance of fate, inferiority, resorting to religious beliefs and sometimes superstitions to save from personal and collective troubles, commitment to perform socio-cultural rituals and being submissive were the main identity-gender characteristics of women. Simple and brief sentences in women's poetry expressed characteristics such as lack of openness, being brief, accepting and not criticizing or demanding rights from women.
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