بررسی و ارزیابی نقش شهروندان و مشارکت اجتماعی آنان در دستیابی به اهداف توسعه پایدار شهری (نمونه موردی: شهر تبریز)
محورهای موضوعی : توسعه پایدار شهریعین الله جمالی حاجی حسن سفلی 1 , سیمین دخت نعمت اللهی بناب 2
1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد رشته برنامه ریزی شهری، گروه شهرسازی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز ، تبریز، ایران
2 - عضوهیات علمی گروه شهرسازی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز، تبریز، ایران
کلید واژه: نقش شهروندان, مشارکت اجتماعی, مدیریت شهری, اهداف توسعه پایدار شهری,
چکیده مقاله :
مشارکت شهروندی به عنوان یک کنش اجتماعی یکی از مهم ترین مولفه ها جهت رسیدن به توسعه پایدار شهری است. در حقیقت مشارکت اجتماعی فقط کار جمعی نیست بلکه یک نوع تفکر جمعی، مشارکت جمعی، تصمیم گیری جمعی، تولید جمعی و در نهایت استفاده جمعی است. که سبب افزایش درک و آگاهی شهروندان از مسائل مربوط به خودشان و نیاز متقابل به یکدیگر می شود، به ایجاد جامعه بهتر کمک می کند و توانایی های یک جامعه را برای هماهنگ کردن کنش های افراد به منظور توسعه و بهبود کالاهای جمعی ارزشمند، تقویت کرده و حکومت گری بهتری را ایجاد می کند و همچنین فرصت های تدوین سیاست های هوشمندانه را افزایش داده و به توسعه پایدار شهری کمک می کند. توسعه پایدار از یک سو به حفظ محیط زیست و از سوی دیگر به حفظ ساختارهای اجتماعی و اقتصادی شهر کمک می کند. هدف اصلی این نوشتار شناخت عواملی است که می توانند در گسترش مشارکت شهروندان درتوسعه پایدار شهری موثر باشند.این پژوهش از نظر روش شناسی از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی، روش جمع آوری اطلاعات بر مبنای کتابخانه ای، اسنادی و روش نمونه گیری، پیمایشی که حجم نمونه برابر 384 نفر بوده است. برای بررسی و ارزیابی نقش شهروندان و مشارکت اجتماعی آنان و دستیابی به اهداف توسعه پایدار شهری و جهت بررسی رابطه ای و معناداری بین مشارکت و توسعه پایدار از آزمون کرلموگراف و اسمیرنوف برای شناخت موثر ترین عامل که در مشارکت تاثیر دارد از رگرسیون و برای ضریب پایایی پژوهش از آزمون الفای کرونباخ استفاده شده است. یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد که براساس آزمون های استفاده شده بین مشارکت شهروندان و توسعه پایدار شهری رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. نتایج بیانگر این است: مشارکت شهروندان در توسعه پایدار شهری در شهر تبریز وضعیت متوسط برخوردار است ، بین مشارکت شهروندان و توسعه پایدار شهری رابطه معناداری وجود دارد و ارتقای پایگاه اجتماعی - اقتصادی شهروندان تا حد زیاد در میزان علاقه مندی شهروندان به مشارکت در توسعه پایدار شهری موثر می باشد.
Citizen participation as a social act is one of the most important components to achieve sustainable urban development. Social participation is not only collective work but collective thinking, collective participation, collective decision, collective production, and collective use. to increase the awareness and awareness of citizens about their issues and mutual need to each other, it will help create a better society and strengthen the ability of a society to coordinate individuals ' actions to develop and improve valuable collective goods and also increase the opportunity for developing intelligent policies and help sustainable urban development. Sustainable development from one hand helps preserve the environment and on the other hand, helps preserve the social and economic structures of the city. In the discussion of planning, urban This research in terms of methodology is descriptive-analytical, the method of gathering information based on a library, documents and sampling method, survey method that sample size is equal. To examine and evaluate the role of citizens and their social participation and achieve sustainable urban development goals, we used the frequency distribution test, Kolmogorov - Smirnov test, the spearman correlation coefficient was used to identify the most effective factor influencing participation. The findings of the research show that there is a significant relationship between citizen participation and sustainable urban development. The results indicate that citizen participation in sustainable urban development in the city of Tabriz is medium. There is a significant relationship between citizen participation and sustainable urban development and the promotion of citizen's socio-economic status is very important in rural sustainable development.Extended AbstractIntroduction:Participation and involvement of people in urban management are temporary benefits of urban projects. But people's participation and their involvement in various stages and parts of urban management in our country is currently limited to the minimum information. One of the best benefits of citizen participation, in addition to informing and receiving their comments and suggestions to promote public participation in new issues in recent years, more attention is paid to it. Officials have concluded that the city management without considering People will work very hard and unsuccessfully, and the failure of many urban projects, which is reflected in the dissatisfaction of citizens and users of these programs, is acknowledged by everyone. One of the problems and weaknesses of urban management is the lack of a clear framework in order to benefit from citizen participation. The view of some officials towards the people is the view of the lord and the serf, not the view of the people, who do not consider the people as the guardian of their blessings, and for this reason, they sabotage in solving problems. This kind of attitude seeks to eliminate institutions such as councils and reduce their powers, and consequently diminish the role of the people. At present, changes have been made in the principles of town management, and this change has taken the direction and focus of becoming popular. Therefore, one of the high priorities of the policies of city managers and urban management is to create grounds for attracting public participation. The role of the people in the management of human societies is something that is highly emphasized today. The right of the people to self-determination and public participation in all matters relating to their collective life has been universally accepted as a medical right. In order to develop any region, the people of that region must first demand development and transformation and be actively involved in the process of growth and expansion of their region. Certainly, recognizing the influential components in citizens 'participation in planning and managing urban development can be the first step in moving from citizens' slogan participation to limited participation and ultimately achieving their real participation. Since the second half of the twentieth century, the concept of partnership with a new perspective has become a key issue in development programs, especially urban development programs. To strengthen and expand people's participation in planning, it is necessary to know the factors affecting this. Participation in our country is not a new phenomenon, but with the growth of urbanization, the need to review this concept and provide a model appropriate to the needs of today's citizens is felt. In the present study, we have tried to examine the level of citizen participation in sustainable development in the city of Tabriz as well as the factors of citizen participation, and to determine the sustainability of this city.The present article is descriptive-analytical in terms of research method and descriptive research branch; Because it includes a set of methods that aim to describe the conditions or phenomena under study and is analytical, because it examines and analyzes the role of citizens in their social participation, achieving sustainable development goals in various dimensions and measuring and analyzing the current situation. . It is also an applied research in terms of purpose. The research method is analytical-survey-correlation which is first studied by reading books and documents related to the subject of reviewing the theoretical foundations of the research and developing indicators related to examining and evaluating the role of citizens and their social participation in achieving sustainable urban development goals. The current situation has been addressed. Also, by using the questionnaire tool, the role of these indicators has been evaluated and the role of citizens and their social participation in achieving the goals of sustainable urban development in the users of Tabriz has been determined. According to Cochran's formula, the number of questionnaires in this study will be 384 people. The research method in this dissertation is a case study and by collecting information and resources that include library resources (theoretical foundations, human resources (citizens) as well as spatial-physical resources (observation of the study area) for this purpose of multiple observation techniques Non-participatory systematics, exploratory interviews and closed-ended questionnaires were used.Findings show that the first hypothesis in the Cronbach's alpha test is the relationship between the level of social participation of citizens and the realization of sustainable urban development. (Valid data: 377, incomplete data: 7, total: 374, number of items: 8 and Cronbach's alpha test correlation coefficient: .648). Given that Cronbach's alpha coefficient is / 648. It is determined that in this hypothesis 8 items have suspicious or unknown. As a result, this hypothesis is rejected. Cronbach's alpha test The second hypothesis, the social participation of citizens in the city of Tabriz, provides the ground for achieving sustainable urban development. (Valid data: 376, incomplete data: 8, total: 384, number of items: 8 and Cronbach's alpha correlation coefficient: 622 / Is). Given that Cronbach's alpha coefficient is / 622. It is determined that in this hypothesis 8 items have suspicious or unknown. As a result, this hypothesis is rejected. Cronbach's alpha test of the third hypothesis, among the factors affecting the level of citizen participation, socio-economic status is the most important factor. (Valid data: 374, incomplete data: 10, total: 384, number of items: 8 and correlation coefficient Cronbach's alpha: / 756). Given that Cronbach's alpha coefficient is / 786. It is determined that in this hypothesis 8 items are acceptable. As a result, this hypothesis is proved. According to the Karlmograph and Smirnov tests used, there is a significant relationship between citizen participation and sustainable urban development. The results indicate: Citizens 'participation in sustainable urban development in the city of Tabriz is moderate, there is a significant relationship between citizen participation and sustainable urban development and the promotion of socio-economic status of citizens to a large extent in citizens' interest in participating in sustainable development It is an effective city.
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