واکنش ارقام مختلف بادام نسبت بهکنه تارتن بادامSchizotetranychus smirnovi در منطقه سامان
محورهای موضوعی : گیاه پزشکی
زریر سعیدی
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کلید واژه: Resistance, مقاومت, Almond, کنه تارتن, بادام, Schizotetranychus smirnovi, Spider mite, Schizotetranychus smirnovi,
چکیده مقاله :
در این مطالعه واکنش ارقام تجارتی بادام نسبت به کنه تارتن بادامSchizotetranychus smirnovi Wainst، در شرایط طبیعی منطقه سامان استان چهارمحال و بختیاری مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ارقام مورد مطالعه عبارت بودند از: مامایی، سفید، ربیع، نان پاریل، شاهرود 6، شاهرود 7، شاهرود 13، شاهرود 21 و فرانیس (شاهرود 12). مقاومت ارقام فوق نسبت به کنه تارتن بادام به دو روش زیر انجام گردید. در روش اول پس از پیوند زدن آنها روی پایه رویشی GF677، گلدان ها در شرایط باغ و در زیر تور معمولی (جهت جلوگیری از آلودگی طبیعی) و با تعداد مساوی کنه ماده بالغ بارور آلوده شدند و پس از 21 روز جمعیت کل کنه (شامل تخم، لارو، نمف و بالغ) روی هر تیمار شمارش گردید. نتایج نشان داد که ارقام سفید و فرانیس( شاهرود 12) بالاترین میزان جمعیت آفت و ارقام شاهرود 21 و شاهرود 6 کمترین میزان جمعیت را داشتند. در روش دوم مقاومت ارقام بادام در شرایط آلودگی اشباع طبیعی طی دو نوبت نمونه برداری (با فاصله 15 روز) بررسی گردید. مقایسه میانگین تراکم جمعیت آفت نشان داد که رقم مامایی با تراکم های 63 و2/206 کنه به ترتیب در نوبت های اول و دوم نمونه برداری دارای بالاترین جمعیت و رقم شاهرود 21 با تراکم های 2/6 و 22 کنه در نوبت های اول و دوم نمونه برداری، دارای کمترین تراکم جمعیت آفت بوده اند. بررسی تراکم کرک ها در سطح برگ و میزان فنل موجود در برگ نشان داد که رابطه ای بین آنها و مقاومت بادام به کنه تارتن بادام وجود ندارد.
Reaction of some almond cultivars including Sefid, Mamaei, Rabie, Non pariel, Shahrood 6, Shahrood 7, Shahrood 13, Shahrood 21 and Shahrood 12 to almond spider mite. Schizotetranychus smirnovi Wainst. Were evaluated in Saman region, during 2008-2009. In the first trial, after grafting of cultivars on GF677 root stock, they were transferred to an orchard and were kept under insect net to prevent natural infestation. Cultivars were infested artificially by introducing 5 adult female mites on each plant. Twenty one days after infestation, leaves were collected and mite population density (number of eggs, nymphs and adults) were counted. Results indicated that Sefid and Feraduel (Shahrood 12) cultivars supported the highest mite population; whereas, Shahrood21 and Shahrood 6 supported the lowest mite population. In the second trail, almond cultivars were evaluated under natural infestation during 2 sampling times (with 15 days interval). Mean comparison of the mite population density (eggs, larvae, nymphs and adults) showed that Mamaei cultivar (mean 63 and 206.2 mites in the first and second sampling times, respectively) supported the highest; whereas, Shahrood 21 (mean 6.2 and 22 mites) supported the lowest mite population density. Study density of leaf trichomes and concentration of leaf total phenolic compounds showed that there was not significant positive relation between them and resistance to the mite.
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