تعیین زمان مناسب سمپاشی با استفاده از تله فرمونی و درجه حرارت موثر روزانه برای کرم سیب Lep.: Tortricidae)) Cydia pomonella در منطقه خان زنیان استان فارس

محورهای موضوعی : گیاه پزشکی

سیده نگار دانش نیا ¹ ()
محمود عالیچی ² ()
بهرام حیدری ³ ()

تاریخ دریافت : 1390/04/21 تاریخ پذیرش : 1390/11/21 تاریخ انتشار : 1391/01/01

کلید واژه: کرم سیب, spraying time, تله فرمونی, sex pheromone, درجه حرارت موثر روزانه, مبارزه شیمیایی, Cydiapomonella, Degree-days (D.D.),

چکیده مقاله :

کرم سیب (Lep.: Tortricidae) Cydiapomonella یکی از آفات مهم درختان سیب در منطقه شیراز و شهرستان خان زنیان می باشد. جهت تعیین بهترین زمان سمپاشی از طریق شمارش تعداد پروانه نر به دام افتاده و ثبت درجه حرارت موثر روزانه در طی سالهای 90 - 88 در باغهای سیب خان زنیان، تله های فرمونی در ارتفاع 5/1 متری از سطح زمین و به فاصله 85 تا 100 متر از یکدیگر نصب شدند. نتایج به دست آمده با استفاده از نرم افزار Excel تجزیه و تحلیل گردید. براساس نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق دو نسل کامل و یک نسل ناقص برای این آفت در منطقه خان زنیان بدست آمد. همچنین بهترین زمان جهت مبارزه شیمیایی با آفت توام با خروج لاروهای سن اول و تجمع 175 روز درجه (Degree-day) تعیین گردید. مجموع درجه حرارتهای روزانه لازم برای تکمیل یک نسل کرم سیب برای سالهای 88 و 90 به ترتیب 5/766 و 770 روز درجه بدست آمد. بر این اساس میتوان از مصرف بی رویه سموم و آلودگی محیط زیست جلوگیری کرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Codling moth, Cydiapomonell, is the key pest of apple orchards at Khanehzenyan, Shiraz, Fars, Iran. To determine the best application time of spraying via counting the number of trapped moths and recording the effective daily temperature during 2009-2011, pheromone traps used at the height of 1.5 m from the ground level with distance between traps of 85-100 m. The data was analyzed using Excel software. According to the results, the number of pest generations and spraying time were determined. The results indicated that C. pomonella had two complete and one partial or incomplete generation at Khanezenyan.The best time for chemical control of C. pomonella was coincidentwith the time of appearance of the first age larva and accumulation of 175 degree-days. The required sums of temperatures for completion of one generation of C. pomonellawere 766.5 and 770 degree-days for the years 2009 and 2011 respectively.Therefore, by this way we can reduce the irregular uses of chemical pesticides and environmental pollutions.  

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