مدیریت بحران در برگزاری رویدادهای ورزشی در دوران کرونا
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات مدیریت ورزشیمحمد مهدی سالاری 1 , مهدی طالب پور 2 , حجت حاجی پور 3
1 - گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد ، ایران.
2 - گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد ، ایران.
3 - گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد ، ایران.
کلید واژه: کرونا, رویدادهای ورزشی, مدیریت بحران,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف: پژوهش حاضر در راستای پی بردن به نحوه مدیریت بحران در برگزاری رویدادهای ورزشی در دوران کرونا انجام شده است.روش‌شناسی: این تحقیق بر بستر مدل سه مرحله‌ای مورفی است. در مدل مورفی مدیریت بحران در سه مرحله پیش از بحران، حین بحران و پس از بحران مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. بر اساس این الگو، سؤالات پایه مصاحبه با خبرگان تدوین و داده‌های کیفی حاصل از مصاحبه‌ها تحلیل شدند و در نهایت با تحلیل داده‌های کیفی مدیریت بحران در برگزاری رویدادهای ورزشی در دوران کرونا به دست آمد. این چارچوب طبق چرخه عمر بحران طراحی شده و برای هر یک از مراحل پیش از بحران، حین بحران و پس از بحران اهداف، راهبردها و اقدامات لازم برای مواجهه با بحران در برگزاری رویدادهای ورزشی در دوران کرونا ارائه شده است.یافته‌ها: بر اساس یافته‌های تحقیق در مرحله پیش از بحران هدف اصلی پیشگیری است که از طریق راهبردهای آمادگی و توانمندسازی محقق می‌شوند. در مرحله دوم هدف اصلی مدیریت اثرات از طریق دو راهبرد کنشی/واکنشی و کاهش خسارات دنبال می‌شود. در نهایت نیز مرحله پس از بحران قرار دارد که راهبردهای تحقق آن بازیابی بازاریابی، مدیریت مالی/کارایی عملیاتی و تاب آوری کسب و کارها به دست می‌آید.نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان میدهد لازم است مدیران و مسئولان برگزاری رویدادهای ورزشی به منظور دستیابی به اهداف تعیین شده برای هر یک از مراحل قبل، حین و پس از بحران راهبردها و اقدامات لازم را اتخاذ نمایند.
Objective: The present study was conducted to find out how to manage the crisis in holding sporting events during the Corona pandemic.Methodology: This research is based on Murphy's three-stage model. In Murphy's model, crisis management is examined in three stages: pre-crisis, syn-crisis and post-crisis. Based on this model, the basic interview questions were compiled and the qualitative data obtained from the interviews were analyzed, and finally, the qualitative data of crisis management in holding sporting events during the Corona were investigated. This framework was designed according to the crisis life cycle and for each of the pre-crisis, syn-crisis and post-crisis stages, the goals, strategies and measures necessary to face the crisis in holding sporting events during the Corona are presented.Results: According to the findings of pre-crisis research, the main goal is prevention, which is achieved through preparedness and empowerment strategies. In the second stage, the main goal of impact management is pursued through two strategies: action / reaction and harm reduction. Finally, in the post-crisis phase, the strategies were marketing recovery, financial management / operational efficiency, and business resilience.Conclusion: The results show that managers and organizers of sporting events must adopt the necessary strategies and measures in order to achieve the goals set for each of the pre-crisis, syn-crisis and post-crisis stages.The results of the present study include measures such as pre-crisis forecasting, learning, participation and adaptation to the new post-crisis system, which are important and necessary in crisis management.Therefore, in the pre-crisis stage, the following measures were identified: designing and creating a crisis management system in sports events, planning to prepare sports businesses in the face of possible crises, creating a dynamic system for predicting possible events and crises in sports events and related businesses, creating integration and coordination between internal and external elements of sporting events and related businesses, establishing a comprehensive information management system for forecasting, planning and managing the effects of sporting events, training manpower and managing sporting events and related businesses as the key to success in crisis management. Capacity building to empower actors at sporting events and related businesses, and defining financing mechanisms for businesses to empower them in the face of potential crises are suggested.
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