تأثیر عصاره هیدروالکلی گیاه رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare) بر شاخص‌های رشد و بقای هر دو جنس نر و ماده ماهی گورخری (Danio rerio)

محورهای موضوعی : مجله پلاسما و نشانگرهای زیستی

منصوره عبدالمنافی ¹ (فارغ‌التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد، گروه تکثیر و پرورش آبزیان، دانشکده شیلات و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران)
علی شعبانی ² (دانشیار گروه تکثیر و پرورش آبزیان، دانشکده شیلات و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران)
رقیه صفری ³ (استادیار گروه تکثیر و پرورش آبزیان، دانشکده شیلات و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/10/16 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/01/20 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/01/01

کلید واژه: ماهی گورخری, Danio rerio, شاخص‌های رشد, گیاه رازیانه, Foeniculum vulgare,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: گیاهان دارویی می‌توانند جایگزین مواد دارویی در حفاظت از سلامت و افزایش رشد ماهی در صنعت آبزی‌پروری شوند. به‌کارگیری جیره‌های مناسب از مهم‌ترین بخش‌های زیستی جهت رشد و سلامت ماهی است. در این تحقیق تأثیر سطوح مختلف عصاره هیدروالکلی گیاه رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare) بر شاخص‌های رشد و بقای هر دو جنس نر و ماده ماهی گورخری (Danio rerio) موردبررسی قرار گرفت. روش کار: تعداد 600 قطعه بچه ماهی گورخری با میانگین وزنی (± انحراف معیار) 01/0 ± 15/0 گرم در 4 تیمار و 3 تکرار (برای هر جنس ماهی) با جیره‌های غذایی پایه همراه با عصاره هیدروالکلی رازیانه با دزهای .، 75، 100 و 150 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم جیره غذایی 3 بار در روز به مدت 5/2 ماه تغذیه شدند و در پایان، شاخص‌های رشد مورد اندازه‌گیری قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد، عصاره هیدروالکلی گیاه رازیانه به‌طور معنی‌داری باعث افزایش وزن نهایی، افزایش وزن بدن، درصد افزایش وزن بدن، کارایی غذایی، فاکتور وضعیت، شاخص رشد روزانه، ضریب رشد ویژه، میزان بقاء و کاهش ضریب تبدیل غذایی و غذای خورده شده روزانه در هر دو جنس ماهی گورخری گردید که از روند وابسته به دز پیروی می‌کرد (05/0P <). نتیجه‌گیری: جیره حاوی 150 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم عصاره هیدروالکلی گیاه رازیانه، جیره مطلوب‌تری جهت دستیابی به شاخص‌های رشد مطلوب در ماهی گورخری می‌باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Inroduction & Objective: Medicinal plants can replace medicines to protect health and increase fish growth in the aquaculture industry. The use of proper diets is one of the most important biological components for fish growth and health. In the current study Effect of different levels of hydroalcoholic extract of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) on Growth Indices and survival rate in male and female of zebrafish (Danio rerio) Was examined. Material and Methods: 600 pieces zebrafish with average weight of 0.15±0.01 gr In 4 treatments and 3 replications (for each sex of fish) With basic diets with hydroalcoholic extract of fennel With levels 0, 75, 100 and 150 mg/kg of diet for fed 3 times daily During 2/5 months. Results: The results showed that hydroalcoholic extract of fennel significantly increased the final weight gain, body weight gain, body weight gain percentage, Feed Efficiency, Condition Factor, daily growth index, Special growth rate, survival rate and reduced feed conversion rate And eaten daily In both sexes, zebrafish followed a dose-dependent process (P<0/05). Conclusion: The diet containing 150 mg / kg hydroalcoholic extract of fennel is a more favorable diet for achieving optimum growth indices in zebrafish.

منابع و مأخذ:

1-احمدی فر، ا.، عنایت غلامپور، ط.، شهریاری مقدم، م.، مقدم فر، س.، مسعودی، ا. 1396. بررسی تاثیر مکمل گیاهی پودر اویشن و مرزه بر عملکرد رشد، نرخ بقاء، برخی شاخص های بیوشیمیایی خون و ترکیب لاشه در ماهی کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio). مجله منابع طبیعی ایران. دوره 70. شماره 4. 434-424.

2-اکبری، پ.، نگهداری جعفر بیگی، ی. 1394. اثر سطوح مختلف مکمل گیاهی بیوهربال(حاوی پودر زنجبیل و رازیانه) بر رشد، تغذیه و ترکیب شیمیایی لاشه کفال ماهی. نشریه دامپزشکی. شماره 112. 18-10.

3-حیدری، ن.، چله مال دزفول نژاد، م.، جواهری بابلی، م. 1396. تاثیر افزودن عصاره گیاه استویا(Stevia rebaudiana) بر روی رشد، بقا و ترکیب شیمیایی فیله ماهی کپور معمولی(Cyprinus carpio). مجله علمی پژوهشی دانشگاه الزهرا (س)/زیست شناسی کاربردی. دوره 31. شماره 3. 67-55.

4-عادلی، ا. 1389. بازار مبادلات ماهیان ایران - جهان. نخستین همایش ماهیان زینتی ایران. سازمان شیلات. ایران. تهران. 38 - 35.

5-مورکی، ن.، دادگر، ش.، نادری، م.ص. 1393. اثر گیاه جعفری(Petroselinum sativum) بر شاخص رشد و بقای ماهی کوی(Cyprinus carpio). نشریه توسعه آبزی پروری. سال هشتم. شماره دوم. 72-63.

6-نصراله زاده، ا.، و علاف نویریان، ح.، 1392. اثر سطوح متفاوت ریشه گیاه نی(Phragmites australis) به عنوان غذای مکمل بر رشد و راندمان تغذیه کپور معمولی جوان(Cyprinus carpio)، مجله پژوهش های جانوری، دوره 29 ، شماره 4. صفحات 497-490.

7.Adams, C.A. (2005). Nutrition based health. Feed International, 2; 25-28.

8.Adedeji, O.S., Farinu, G.O., Olayemi, T.B., Ameen, S.A. and Babatunde, G.M. (2008). The use of bitter kola(Garcinia kola) dry seed powder as a natural growth promoting agent in broiler chicks. Res. Journal of Poultry Science, 2; 78-81.

9.Adeli, A., Shamloofar, M., Akrami, R. (2019). Effect of Lemon verbena, Aloysia triphylla, extractin dietary on growth performance, proximate composition and some liver enzymes of Rainbow trout Juveniles, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Journal of Animal Physiology and Development (Quarterly Journal of Biological Sciences), 3(46); 27-36.

10.Ahilan, B., Nithiyapriyatharshini, A., Ravaneshwaran, K. (2010). Influence of certain herbal additives on the growth, survival and disease resistance of goldfish, Carassius auratus (Linnaeuse). Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Science, 6(1); 5-11.

11.Ahmadifar, E., Sheikhzadeh, N., Roshanaei, K., Dargahi, N., Faggio, C. (2019). Can dietary ginger (Zingiber officinale) alter biochemical and immunological parameters and gene expression related to growth, immunity and antioxidant system in zebrafish (Danio rerio)?.Aquaculture, 507; 341-348.

12.Alishahi, M., (2010). Survey on effect of various levels of Aloe vera extract on growth parameters and defense system of Amphiliophus labiatus against Aeromonas hidrophila. National Conference of Aquatic Animal. Abstract Book, 1-13.

13.Alishahi, M., Mesbah, M. and Ghorbanpour, M. (2009). Effects of Silybum marianum on resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Cyprinus carpio, 14th International conference on diseases of fish and shellfish, Czeck, Prague, 38-44.

14.Alishahi, M., Mesbah, M., Najafzadeh, H., Khajeh, G. H. Akbarzade, A. (2009). Effect of Echinacea purpurea on some hematological parameters of Grass carp, International congress on aquatic animal health and management, Iran, Tehran, Abstract book, pp. 82

15.Anderson, W.G., McKinley, R.S., Colavecchia, M. (1997). The use of clove oil as an anaesthetic for Rainbow trout and its effects on swimming performance. North American Journal of Fisheries Management, 17(2); 301-307.

16.Bagenal, T. (1978). Methods for assessment of fish production in fresh waters. Blackwall scientific pub. Oxford. London, 365p.

17.Bahadori Birgani, SH., Roomiani, L., Chelehmal Dezfulnezhad, M. (2018). The effect of the extract supplements (Myrtus communis L.) on growth, survival, blood and immune system of fish Common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Journal of animal Research, 31; 329-341.

18.Banaee, M., Sureda, A., Mirvaghefi, A. R., and Rafei, G. R. (2011). Effects of long-term silymarin oral supplementation on the blood biochemical profile of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 37; 885-896.

19.Bureau, D.P., Harris, A.M. and Cho, C.Y. (1998). The effects of purified alcohol extracts from soy products on feed intake and growth of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 161(1); 27-43.

20.Cabuk, M., Alicicex, A., Bozhutr, M., Lmre, N. (2003). Antibacterial properties of the essential oils isolated from aromatic plants and using possibility as alternative feed additives. II National Animal Nutrition Congress, Konya, 184-187.

21.Choobkar, N., Kakoolaki, S., Rezaeimanesh, M., Mohammadi, F. & Safar Khanloo, L. (2017) Effects of supplementation of powdered Zataria multiflora on growth, serum and haemotological indicators in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 11(2); 127-141 (In Persian).

22.Christybapita, D., Divyagnaneswari, M., Dinakaran Michael, R. (2007). Oral administration of Eclipta alba leaf aqueous extract enhances the non-specific immune responses and disease resistance of Oreochromis

 

Mossambicus. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 23; 840-852.

23.Dahlgren, B. T. (1980). The effects of three different protein levels on the fecundity in the guppy, Poecilia reticulate(Peters). Fish Biology, 15; 83-97.

24.Ebrahimi Jorjani, H. (2017). Effect of Tribulus terrestris extract on sex ratio, gonadosomatic index, growth indices and survival rate in Zebrafish(Danio rerio). Thesis submitted for the degree of m.sc. (in the fieled fisheries). University of Zabol, 65.

25.Ebrahimi, E., Tangestani, R., Alizadeh dughikolaei, E. and Zare, P. (2012). Effect of garlic(Allium sativum) essential oil on growth parameters, feeding and body composition of juvenile beluga(Huso huso). Journal of Khoramshahr Marine Science and Technology, 11(4); 209-216.

26.Enayat Gholampour, T., Jafari, V., Imanpour, M.R., Kolangi, H. (2017). The effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Vitex agnus-castus L. on growth indices and survival rate in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Molecular Biology Reports, 3; 269-278.

27.Farahi, A., Kasiri, M., Sudagar, M. (2010). Effect of garlic(Allium sativum) on growth factors, some hematological Parameters and body compositions in Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation and Legislation. International Journal of the Bioflux Society, 3(4); 317-323.

28.Frankic, T., Voljc, M., Salobir, J., Rezar, V. (2009). Use of herbs and spices and their extracts in animal nutrition. Acta agriculturae Slovenica, 94(2); 95-102.

29.Gabor, E. F., Sara, A., Bentea, M., Creta, C., Baciu, A. (2012). The effect of photo additive combination and growth performances and meat quality in rainbow trout (Oncorhychus mykiss). Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 46(2); 43-47.

30.Gabor, E.F., Sara, A., Bentea, M., Creta, C., Baciu, A.(2012). The effect on phytoadditive combinations on growth and consumption indices and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in common carp(Cyprinus carpio) juveniles. Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 45(2); 48-52.

31.Gabor, E.F., Sara, A., Molnar, F., Bentea, M. (2011). The influence of some phytoadditives on growth performance and meat quality in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss). Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 44(2);13-18.

32.Ghazala, R., Tabinda A. B., Yasar. A. (2011). Growth response of Juvenile grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella) fed isocaloric diets with variable protein levels. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 21 (4); 850-856.

33.Gholipour Khani, H., Jamali, F., Jafaryan, H., Gholamalipor Alamdari, E. (2017). Dietary effect of Lippia citrodora essential oil on some hematological, biochemical, growth performance and body composition of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758. Iranian Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, 3; 1-15.

34.Hornok, L. (1992). Cultivation and processing of medicinal plants. Academic Publication, Budapest: 338 p.

35.Jahanbakhshi, A., Ahmadnia Motlagh, H., Javadi Mousavi, M., Rahimi Kia, E. (2015). Effects of garlic(Allium sativum) extract on growth performance, survival rate, some hematological and biochemical indices of Gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus). Iranian Journal of Animal Science Reaserch, 7(2); 218-224.

36.Javed, M., Durrani, F.R., Hafees, A., Khan, R.U., Ahmad, I. (2009). Effect of aqueous extract of plant mixture on carcass quality of Broiler chicks. ARPN Journal of Agriculture Biology Science, 4; 37-40.

37.Kakoolaki, S., Akbary, P., Zorriehzahra, M. J., Salehi, H., Sepahdari, A., Afsharnasab, M. (2016). Camellia sinensis supplemented diet enhances the innate non-specific responses, haematological parameters and growth performance in Mugil cephalus against Photobacterium damselae. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 57; 379-385.

38.Khodadadi, M., Peyghan, R., Hamidavi, A. (2013). The evaluation of garlic powder feed additive and its effect on growth rate of common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Iranian Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 6(2); 17-26.

39.Kim, K.H.; Hwang, Y.J., Bai, S.C. (1999). Resistance to Vibrio alginolyticus in juvenile rock fish Sebastes schlegeli fed diets containing different doses of Aloevera. Aquaculture, (1-2) 180;13–21.

40.Kwon, Y.S., Choi, W.G., Kim, W.K., Kim, M.J., Kang, W.H., Kim, C.M. (2002). Antimicrobial constituents of Foeniculum vulgare. Archives of pharmacal Research, 25; 154-157.

41.Lee, D. H., Ra, C. S., Song, Y. H., Sung, K. I., and Kim, J. D. (2012). Effects of dietary garlic extract on growth, feed utilization and whole body composition of juvenile starlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus). Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 25(4); 577-583.

42.Lee, J.Y., Gao, Y. (2012). Review of the application of garlic, Allium sativum, in aquaculture. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 43(4); 447-458.

43.MacFarlene, B., Norton, E. C., Bowers, M. J. (1993). Lipid dynamics in relation to the annual reprodudction cycle in yellowtail rockfish (Sbastes flavidus). Fisheiries and Aquatic Science, 50; 391-401.

44.Mahdavi, S., Yeganeh, S., Firouzbakhsh, F., Janikhalili, K.H. (2014). Effects of supplementary fennel(Foeniculum vulgare) essential oil of diet on growth, survival, body composition and hematological parameters of Rutilus frisii kutum fry. Journal of Fisheries Science & Technology, 3(3); 75-87.

45.Mahigir, N., Soudagar, M., Dadgar, SH. Hajibaglou, A. (2018). Study of growth and survival factors and sex ratio in the first-generation of Aloe vera-fed Xiphophorus helleri. Physiology and Biotechnology, 6(2); 34-46.

46.Marino, S.D., Gala, F., Borbone, N., Zollo, F., Vitalini, S., Visioh, F., Iorizzi, M. (2007). Phenolic glycosides from Foeniculum vulgare fruit and evaluation of antioxidative activity. Phyto-chemistry, 68; 1805-1812.

47.Matinfar, A., Enayat Gholampour, T., Shabani Kakroodi, S., Fadaee Raienee, M. (2018). Effects of garlic (Allium sativum) on growth) indices and survival rate, some bloodbiochemical parameters and digestive enzymes of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal, 27(6);143-149.

48.Mirbagheri, V., Meshkiniy , S., Ghafari Farsani , H., Farsani , M., Bahremand , M. (2017). Effect of different levels of essential oils (Satureja hortensis) in diet on improvement growth, blood biochemical and body composition of roach fry (Rutilus caspicus). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 33(3); 350-360.

50.Mohiseni, M., Sadeghian, M., Nematdoost Haghi, B., Bagheri, D. (2019). Effects of dietary Shirazi thyme (Zataria multiflora Boiss) and vitamin E on growth and biochemical parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). IJFS, 18(3); 517-530.

51.Mozafarian, V. (2006). Culture iran names of plants. The Contemporary Culture Press, Iran, Tehran, 740p.

52.New, M. B., Wijkström, U. N.(2002). Use of fishmeal and fish oil in aquafeeds: further thoughts on the fishmeal trap. FAO Fisheries Circular (FAO), 128-137.

53.Piccaglia, R., Marotii, M. (2001). Characterization of some Italian types of wild fennel extract of Commiphora African (Burseraceae) on rat liver kidney functions. Journal of pharmacology toxicology, 2(4);373-379.

54.Platel, K., Rao, A., Saraswahi, G., Srinivasan, K. (2002). Digestive stimulant action of three indian spice mixes in perimental rats. Nohrung, 46;394-398.

55.Putra, A., Santoso, U., Lee, M-C., Nan, F-H. (2013). Effects of dietary Katuk leaf extract on growth performance, feeding behavior and water quality of grouper Epinephelus coioides. Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology, 2(1); 17-25.

56.Reverter, M., Bontemps, N., Lecchini, D., Banaigs, B., Sasal, P. (2014). Use of plant extracts in fish aquaculture as an alternative to chemotherapy: current status and future perspective. Aquaculture, 433; 50-61.

57.Roozbehani, SH., Nazari, A. (2015). Influence of fennel Foeniculum vulgar extract on fertility, growth rate and histology of gonads on guppy Poecilia reticulate. Journal of Aquaculture Development, 9(3); 29-37.

58.Saddhe, A.A., Banerjee, G., Jamdadeh, R.A., Thete, K.D. (2013). Zebrafish the reliable vertebrate model organism. DCSI, 91;172-182.

59.Safari, M., Chelehmal Dezfouli Nejad, M., Mesbah, M., Jangaran Nejad, A. (2017). Effects of Aloe vera extract on growth and some hematological parameters of shirbot, Tor grypus (Heckel, 1843). Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 18(3); 445-456.

60.Sakai, M., Taniguchi, K., Mamoto, K., Ogawa, H., Tabata, M. (2001). Immunostimulant effects of nucleotide isolated from yeast RNA on carp, Cyprinus carpio L. Journal of Fish Diseases, 24(8); 433-438.

61.Salehi, H. (2008). Benefit cost analysis for fingerling production of kutum(Rutilus frisii kutum)(Kamenski, 1901) in 2005 in Iran. Aquaculture Asia, 13; 32-37.

62.Samsam-Shariat, H. (2007). Selection of Medicinal Herbs. Mani Publishing, Isfahan, Iran.(Book, 258 page).

63.Shalaby, A, Y. Khattab, A., Abdel, R. (2006). Effects of Garlic (Allium sativum) and chloramphenicol on growth performance, physiological parameters and survival of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, 12(2); 172-201.

64.Sotoudeh, A., Yeganeh, S. (2016). Effects of supplementary fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) essential oil in diet on growth and reproductive performance of the ornamental fish, Convict cichlid (Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum). Aquaculture Research, 10(36); 1-8.

65.Teruel, M. N. B., Millamena, O. M., Fermin, A. C. (2001). Reproductive performance of hatchery-bred donkey’s ear abalone (Haliotis asinine) Linne, fed natural and artificial diets. Aquaculure Research, 32; 249-254.

66.Velisek, J., Svobodova, Z., Piaakova, V., (2005). Effects of clove oil anaesthesia on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Journal Acta Veterinaria Brno, 74; 139-146.

67.Watanuki, H., Ota. K., Malina, A. C., Tassakka, A.R.( 2010). Immunostimulant effects of dietary Spirulina platensis on carp, Cyprinus carpio. Aquaculture, 258; 157–163.

68.Zargari, A. (1996). Medicinal plants. Tehran: Tehran University Publications, 3;513- 514.