اثربخشی آموزش مبتنی بر کارکردهای اجرایی بر افزایش علائم خودکنترلی در کودکان 8-6 ساله مبتلا به اختلال نارسایی توجه ـ بیش فعالی: پژوهش مورد منفرد
محورهای موضوعی : بالینیفرناز اکوان 1 , مهرداد کلانتری 2
1 - کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی (واحد خمینی شهر)، اصفهان، ایران
2 - استاد گروه روانشناسی، دانشکدۀ علــوم تربیتـی و روانشناسـی دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
کلید واژه: اختلال نارسایی توجه/ بیش‌فعالی, خودکنترلی, کودکان 8-6 ساله, کارکردهای اجرایی,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثربخشی آموزش مبتنی بر کارکردهای اجرایی بر افزایش علائم خودکنترلی در کودکان 8-6 ساله مبتلا به اختلال نارسایی توجه- بیش فعالی انجام شد. روش این پژوهش مطالعه مورد منفرد از نوع طرح A-B بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه کودکان 8-6 ساله دارای اختلال نارسایی توجه-بیش‌فعالی در سال تحصیلی 96-1395 بودند. نمونه‌گیری با روش هدفمند انجام شد و 4 کودک دارای اختلال نارسایی توجه-بیش فعالی، به تشخیص روانپزشک و با استفاده از DSM-V و پرسشنامه تشخیص علائم بیش فعالی (Conners, 1969) انتخاب گردیدند و پس از ثبت داده‌های خط پایه، طی 8 جلسه 45 دقیقه‌ای مورد مداخله قرار گرفتند. در نهایت پس از یک‌ماه از پایان مداخله، داده‌های مرحله پیگیری جمع‌آوری شدند. ابزار سنجش شامل پرسشنامه معلم و والد (Conners, 1990) و پرسشنامه خودکنترلی کودکان (Kendall and Wilcox, 1979) بودند. داده‌ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل درون موقعیتی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. بررسی و تحلیل دیداری یافته‌ها نشان داد که مداخله بر روی سه آزمودنی از چهار آزمودنی پژوهش موثر بوده است و آموزش کارکردهای اجرایی بر افزایش علائم خودکنترلی در کودکان 8-6 ساله مبتلا به اختلال نارسایی توجه-بیش فعالی تاثیر داشته است.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of executive function-based training on enhancement of self-control symptoms in 6-8 year old children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The research method was single case study and A-B design. The statistical population included all children aged 6-8 years with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in academic year 2016-2017. Sampling was performed by purposive method and 4 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were selected by psychiatrist using DSM-V and Hyperactivity Disorder Questionnaire (Conners, 1969), and after recording baseline data, they were intervened in 8 sessions of 45 minutes. Finally, one month after the end of the intervention, follow-up data were collected. Assessment tools included Teacher and Parent Questionnaire (Conners, 1990) and Children's Self-Control Questionnaire (Kendall and Wilcox, 1979). Data were analyzed using in intra-situ method. Visual analysis of the findings showed that the intervention was effective on three of the four subjects and executive function training has an effect on self-control symptoms in 6-8 year old children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
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