تجارب زیسته زنان مبتلابه سرطان از رشد پس از ضربه: یک مطالعه کیفی
محورهای موضوعی : سلامت
مرجان ترک زاده
1
(گروه روانشناسی و مشاوره، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران)
مریم صالح زاده
2
(عضو هیات علمی، گروه روانشناسی و مشاوره، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران)
فهیمه دهقانی
3
(عضو هیات علمی، گروه روانشناسی و مشاوره، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران)
کلید واژه: زنان مبتلابه سرطان, رشد پس از ضربه, تجارب زیسته, اعتلای روانشناختی,
چکیده مقاله :
سرطان بهعنوان یکی از بیماریهای شایع در جهان، میتواند تأثیرات منفی متعددی بر زندگی مبتلایان داشته باشد لیکن امروزه تغییرات روانشناختی مثبت پس از ابتلا به سرطان نیز موردتوجه پژوهشگران قرارگرفته است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تجارب زیسته زنان مبتلابه سرطان از رشد پس از ضربه بود.مطالعه با استفاده از روش کیفی از نوع پدیدارشناسی به بررسی تجارب زیسته زنان مبتلابه سرطان با وضعیت رشد پس از ضربه پرداخت. جامعه آماری پژهش شامل تمامی زنان مبتلا به سرطان شهر اصفهان و یزد بود. مشارکتکنندگان این پژوهش 16 فرد مبتلابه سرطان بودند که به روش نمونهگیری گلوله برفی در دو شهر اصفهان و یزد انتخاب شدند. برای اطمینان از تجربه رشد پس از ضربه، شرکتکنندگان در پژوهش پرسشنامه رشد پس از ضربه (1996 ,Calhoun & Tedeschi) را تکمیل نمودند. برای جمعآوری دادهها از مصاحبه نیم ساختاریافته استفاده شد که تا مرحله اشباع دادهها ادامه یافت. سوالات مصاحبه شامل 1- تجربه شما از رشد پس از ضربه چگونه بودهاست؟ 2- پیامدهای سرطان برای شما چه بوده است؟ 3- شخصیت خود را قبل و بعد از سرطان چگونه توصیف میکنید؟ 4- پس از تجربه سرطان چه تغییراتی در خود و جهان احساس میکنید؟ بود. و برای تحلیل یافتهها از روش ون مانن استفاده شد.یافتههای پژوهشی در قالب یک تم کلی اعتلای روانشناختی و چهار مضمون اصلی شامل تحول معنوی، بهزیستی و تحولات شخصیتی، تحولات بین فردی و تغییر سبک زندگی حاصل شد که هرکدام دارای مضامین فرعی متعددی است.نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش گویای تجربه رشد پس از ضربه و بالندگی قابلتوجه در زنان مبتلابه سرطان بود. ازآنجاکه یافتههای پژوهش تحلیلی از تجربه زیسته مبتلایان به سرطان از رشد پس از ضربه است میتواند برای متخصصین حوزه سرطان بهویژه روانشناسان و مددکاران و البته مبتلایان دارای تلویحات کاربردی قابلتوجهی باشد.
Cancer, as one of the most prevalent diseases in the world, can have many negative effects on the patients' lives; but nowadays researchers pay attention to the positive psychological changes after getting cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the lived experiences of women with cancer of post-traumatic growth.This study examines the biological experiences of cancer patients with post-traumatic growth situated using the qualitative phionsenomenological method. Statistical population of the study included all women with cancer in Isfahan and Yazd.The participants of this study were 16 Women with cancer who were selected by snowball sampling. Also, the participants of the study completed the post-traumatic growth questionnaire (Tedski & Caldehon, 1996). To collect data, we used semi-structured interviews which continued to saturate. Interview questions include 1- How was your experience of growth after trauma? 2- What have been the consequences of cancer for you? 3- How do you describe your personality before and after cancer? 3- What changes do you feel in yourself and the world after experiencing cancer? It was. and to analyze the findings, we used Van Mann's theory.The research findings were gained in the form of a general theme of psychological upgrade and four main themes including spiritual transformation, well-being, personality changes, inter-personal changes, and lifestyle changes each of which has various sub-themes.The results of the present study indicate the experience of post-traumatic growth and significant growth in women with cancer. Because the current study findings are an analysis of the biological experience of cancer patients from post-traumatic growth, this study can have considerable practical results for cancer specialists, especially psychologists and paramedics, and of course patients.
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