مقایسۀ اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد و درمان متمرکز بر شفقت، بر تاب‌آوری و بهزیستی روان‌شناختی مبتلایان به HIV
محورهای موضوعی : تربیتی
شیوا رضائی
1
,
جواد خلعتبری
2
,
مریم کلهرنیا گار
3
,
بیوک تاجری
4
1 - گروه روانشناسی، واحد امارات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دبی، امارات متحده عربی
2 - گروه روانشناسی، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران
3 - گروه روان شناسی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران.
4 - گروه روان شناسی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران.
کلید واژه: تاب‌آوری, شفقت‌درمانی, بهزیستی روان‌شناختی, HIV+, درمان پذیرش و تعهد,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسۀ اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد و درمان متمرکز بر شفقت بر تاب‌آوری و بهزیستی روان‌شناختی مبتلایان به HIV صورت گرفت. این پژوهش نیمه‌آزمایشی و از جمله طرح‌های پیش آزمون-پس آزمون با دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل بود. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش کلیۀ مبتلایان به HIV+ بود که در بازۀ زمانی مهر تا بهمن ۱۳۹۷ به مرکز بیماری‌های رفتاری تهران مراجعه کرده بودند. از جامعۀ مذکور ۴۵ نفر به شیوۀ نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب و به طور تصادفی در سه گروه (دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل هر کدام ۱۵ نفر) جای گرفتند. یکی از گروه‌های آزمایش تحت ۸ جلسۀ درمان ۱۲۰ دقیقه‌ای پذیرش و تعهد و گروه دیگر تحت ۸ جلسۀ درمان ۱۲۰ دقیقه‌ای درمان متمرکز بر شفقت (CFT) قرار گرفتند. گروه گواه هیچ مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. برای سنجش داوطلبان از پرسشنامۀ تاب‌آوری Conner & Davidson (2003) و بهزیستی روان‌شناختی Ryff (1989) استفاده شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها، از آمار توصیفی و برای استنباط آنها از تحلیل کوواریانس و آزمون تعقیبی سیداک استفاده گردید. یافته‌ها حاکی از آن بود که هر دو درمان می‌توانند بر تاب‌آوری و بهزیستی روان‌شناختی مبتلایان به HIV+ تأثیر بگذارند (۰۵/۰>P)؛ با این حال در متغیر تاب‌آوری درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد تأثیر بیشتری داشته است که چنین تفاوتی در بهزیستی روان‌شناختی مشاهده نشد(۰۵/۰>P).
The aim of this research was to compare the effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) on resiliency and psychological well-being of Individuals diagnosed with HIV. The method of this research was semi-experimental and included with pretest- posttest study with two experimental and one control groups. The statistical population included all the referrers to Tehran center of behavioral disorders in the period of Oct 2017 to Feb 2018 diagnosed with HIV positive. Afterward, 45 subjects selected voluntarily and randomly divided into 3 groups. One of the experimental groups underwent ACT for 8 Session of 120 minutes and another received 8 sessions of 120 minutes of CFT. The control group did not receive any intervention. To evaluate the participants, Connor and Davidson Resiliency (2003) and Ryff (1989) Psychological well- being scale were used. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics, and for deduce, Covariance analysis and Sidak follow-up tests were used. The results showed that both therapies positively affected the tolerance and psychological well-being of those suffering from HIV positive (p<0.05). However, the effect on the tolerance variable of ACT was more noticeable, an effect that was not observed with such intensity in CFT (p<0.05).
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