پیش‌بینی نشخوار فکری و نگرانی بر اساس توانایی کنترل فکر و اجتناب شناختی ـ رفتاری در دانشجویان مبتلا به افسردگی بالینی
محورهای موضوعی : تربیتیراضیه احمدپور 1 , هاجر ترکان 2
1 - کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشکده آزاد اسلامی(خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه روانشناسی، مرکز تحقیقات سلامت جامعه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان(خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران
کلید واژه: نشخوار فکری, نگرانی, توانایی کنترل فکر, اجتناب شناختی ـ رفتاری, افسردگی بالینی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش پیش بینی نشخوارفکری و نگرانی بر اساس توانایی کنترل فکر و اجتناب شناختی ـ رفتاری در دانشجویان مبتلا به افسردگی بالینی بود. طرح تحقیق از نوع همبستگی و جامعه آماری کلیه دانشجویان دختر و پسر مبتلا به افسردگی بالینی شهر اصفهان در سال 95-1394بود. بدین منظور نمونه‌ای مشتمل بر 150 دانشجوی مبتلا به افسردگی بالینی (100 زن و 50 مرد)، به روش طبقه ای انتخاب شدند. به منظور گردآوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامه های توانایی کنترل فکر (TCAQ, Luchiano, 2005) اجتناب شناختی ـ رفتاری (CBAS, Ottenbreit, 2004)، نشخوار فکری (Nolen-Hoeksema, 1991)، نگرانی(PSWQ-Meyer, 1990) و افسردگی بک (BDI-II-Beck, 1996) ویرایش دوم استفاده گردید. داده ها با استفاده از روش آماری رگرسیون و نرم افزار spssتجزیه و تحلیل گردید. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد که توانایی کنترل فکر و اجتناب شناختی ـ رفتاری قادر به پیش بینی نگرانی در دانشجویان مبتلا به افسردگی بالینی هستند که این مقادیر در سطح (/050>p) معنی دار است. یافته های حاصل از این پژوهش حاکی از قدرت پیش بینی بیشتر اجتناب رفتاری نسبت به اجتناب شناختی در مورد نگرانی می‌باشد.
The purpose of this study was to predict rumination and worry based on the ability to control thought and cognitive behavioral avoidance in students with clinical depression. For this purpose, a sample of 150 students with clinical depression (100 women and 50 men) were selected using multi-stage random sampling. In order to collect information from the Thought Control Ability Questionnaire (TCAQ, Luchiano, 2005), Cognitive Behavioral Avoidance Scale (CBAS, Ottenbreit, 2004), rumination scale (Nolen-Hoeksema, 1991), Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ, Meyer, 1990) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II, Beck, 1996) and demographic characteristics. The results of regression analysis showed that the ability of thought control and behavioral cognitive avoidance together significantly predict 32.5% of rumination variance and 28.9% of worry variance in students suffering from clinical depression which these values are reliable at the level (p < 0.5). The findings of this study indicate that behavioral avoidance is more predictive than cognitive avoidance of anxiety.
Aghaei, A., Abedi, A., & Jamali Paqaleh, S. (2012). Meta-analysis of the effect of monitoring specific interventions - brother care showing superhumanity (Iran 1380-1389). Bi-Quarterly Journal of Control University, 6 (19): 80-69. (In Persian).
American Psychiatric Association. (2015). Diagnostic and statistical guide to mental disorders. Translated by Yahya Seyed Mohammadi, Second Edition, Tehran: Ravan Publishing
Ataiee, Sh, Fati, L., & Ahmadi Abhari, A. (2013). Mental rumination and cognitive-behavioral avoidance in people with depressive disorder and social anxiety disorder: A comparison of class and spectral perspectives. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 4 (19): 25-283.
Barlow, D. H., Rapee, R. M., & Brown, T. A. (1992). Behavioral treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. Behavior Therapy, 23(4), 551-570.
BagheriNejad, M., & SalehiFedredi, J., & Tabatabai, M. (2006). The relationship between rumination and depression in a sample of Iranian students. Educational Studies in Psychology, 11 (1): 38-21.
Barati, H., & Orizi, H. (2006). Comparison between cognitive deficits and metacognitive components according to the adjustment variable of occupational accidents. Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 4 (2): 121-115.
Hamidpour, H. (2005). Thinking: A New Concept in Cognitive Therapy for Depression. Journal of Knowledge Reflection, 2 (1): 84-70.
Dobson, K. A., & Mohammadkhani, P. (2007). Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory - 2 in a large sample of people with major depressive disorder. Journal of Rehabilitation in Mental Illness and Disorders, 39: 80-86.
Rosenhan, D.L., & Seligman, M.P. (2002). Psychological Abnormality: Psychopathology. Translated by Seyed Mohammadi. Volume One, Tehran: Savalan Publishing.
Zadok, J., Zadok, & Ruiz, P. (2015). Summary of Kaplan and Zadok Psychiatry Behavioral Sciences / Clinical Psychiatry. Translated by Rezaei, F. (2015). Tehran: Arjmand Publishing.
Gal, M., Borg, & Gal, C. (2004). Quantitative and qualitative research methods in educational sciences and psychology, translated by Nasr Azizi et al., Tehran: Samat Publications.
Moeini, N. (2009). Investigating the relationship between cognitive avoidance and post-event processing with social anxiety among students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Master Thesis, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz.
Steer, R. A., Clark, D. A., Beck, A. T., & Ranieri, W. F. (1999). Common and specific dimensions of self-reported anxiety and depression: the BDI-II versus the BDI-IA. Behaviour research and therapy, 37(2), 183-190.
Borkovec, T.D., & Hu, S. (1990). The effect of worry on cardiovascular respone to phobic imagery. Behaviors research and therapy, 28: 69-73.
Borkovec, T.D., Ray, W.J., & Stober, J. (2004). Worry: A cognitiv phenomenon intimately linked to affectiv psychological, and interpersonal behavior processes. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 22: 561-576.
Davis, R.N., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2000). Cognitive Inflexibility Among Ruminators and Nonruminators. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 24(6): 699-711.
Dickson, K. S., Ciesla, J. A., & Reilly, L. C. (2012). Rumination, worry, cognitive avoidance, and behavioral avoidance: Examination of temporal effects. Behavior therapy, 43(3), 629-640.
Dugas, M.J., Marchanda, A., & Ladoucer, R. (2005). Further validation of a cognitive model of Generalized anxiety disorder: Diagnostic and symptom specifity. Journal of Anxiety Disorder, 19: 329-340.
Dugas, M.J., Buhr, K., & Ladouceur, R. (2004). The role of intolerance of uncetainty in etiology and maintenance. In: heimberg RG, Turk CL, Mennin DS, editors. Generalized Anxity Disorder: Advances in Research and Practic. New York: Guilford, 143-63.
Fresco, D. M., Frankel, A. N., Mennin, D. S., Turk, C. L., & Heimberg, R. G. (2002). Distinct and overlapping features of rumination and worry: The relationship of cognitive production to negative affective states. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 26(2), 179-188.
Ladouceur R., Talbot, F., & Dugas, M. J. (1997). Behavioral expressions of intolerance of uncertainty in worry. Behavior Modification, 21: 355-71.
Luchiano, J.V., Algarabel, S., Tomas, J.M., & Martinez, J. L. (2005). Development and validation of the Thought control Ability Questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences, 38: 997-1008.
Meyer, T.J., Miller, M.L., Metzger, R.L., & Borkovec, T.D. (1990). Development and Validation of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 28, 487-495.
Mouids, M.L., Kandris, E., Starr, S., & Wong, A.C.M. (2007). The relationship between rumination, avoidance and problem solving. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(3):165-72.
Montazeri, A.S., Mousavi, J. Omidvari, Q, Peacock, M, Hashemi, A., & Rostami, I. (2013). Depression in Iran: A Systematic Review of Research Papers. Monitoring Quarterly, 6 (12): 594-567. (In Persian).
Mehrabizadeh, M., Thankful, J., & Najarian, B. (2007). The role of cognitive factors, personality, family history and stress in predicting obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Educational Sciences and Psychology, 1: 56-27.
Wells, A. (2006). Emotional and metacognitive disorders: Heresy in cognitive therapies. Translated by Bahrami, Rezvan. Isfahan: Mani Publications
Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B. E., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Rethinking rumination. Perspectives on psychological science, 3(5), 400-424.
Ottenbreit, N.D., & Dobson, K.S. (2004). Avoidance and depression: The construction of the cognitiv-behavioral avoidance scale. Behaviors research and therapy, 42(3): 293-313.
Papageorgiou, C., & Wells, A. (2001). Trettnent of recurrent major depression with attention training. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 7: 407-713.
Rassin E, Merckelbach H, Muris P. (1997). Effects of thought suppression on episodic memory. Behaviors research and therapy, 35: 1035-8.
Salters-Pedneault, K., Tull, M.T., & Roemer, L. (2004). The role of avoidance of emotional material in the anxiety disorders. Appl Prev Psychol, 11(2):95-114.
Segerstrom, S., Tsao, I., Alden, E., & Craske G. (2000). Worry and Romination: Repetitive thought as a concomitant and predictor of negative mood. Cognitive Therapy & Research, 24, 671-688.
Soleimani, A., Sohrabi, F., & Shams, J. (2014). The relationship between worry and rumination with metacognitive beliefs and major depressive symptoms. Quarterly Journal of New Psychological Research, 33.
Trew, J.L., & Alden, L.E. (2009). Predicting anger in social anxiety: The mediating role of rumination Behaviour. Research and Therapy, 47(12):1079-84.
Wegner, D.M., Shortt, G.W., & Blake, A.W. (1990). The suppression of exciting thoughts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58: 409-418.
Wegner, D.M. (1994). Ironic processes of mental control. Psychological Review, 101: 34-52.
Wenzlaff, R.M. & Eisenberg, A.R. (2001). Mental control after dysphoria: evidence of a suppressed, deprived bias. Behavior therapy, 32, 27-45.
World Health Organization. (2016). Facts sheet No 369 – Depression. Reviewed April 2016. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs369/e n/
_||_