تدوین بستۀ آموزشی مقابله با استرس شغلی و مقایسۀ اثربخشی آن با شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی بر اضطراب و افسردگی کارکنان شرکت تام کار
محورهای موضوعی : تربیتیسمیه گرجی 1 , اصغر آقایی 2 , محسن گل پرور 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی مشاوره دانشگاه، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان(خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران
2 - استاد گروه روان شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان(خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران
3 - دانشیار، گروه روان شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان(خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران
کلید واژه: اضطراب, کارکنان شرکت تام کار, افسردگی, مقابله با استرس شغلی, شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش، تدوین بستۀ آموزشی مقابله با استرس شغلی و مقایسۀ اثربخشی آن با شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی بر اضطراب و افسردگی کارکنان شرکت تام کار بود. این تحقیق به روش ترکیبی و از نوع طرح‌های تحقیق آمیخته اکتشافی بود. برای تدوین بستۀ از روش پدیدارشناختی-تحلیل محتوا استفاده شد که 7 کد اصلی (اضطراب، افسردگی، هوش هیجانی پایین، راهبردهای مقابله‌ای ناکارآمد، مشکلات شناختی، ضعف مهارت‌های اجتماعی و ضعف اعتقادات مذهبی) به دست آمد و بستۀ آموزشی بر اساس این ابعاد تنظیم شد. روش پژوهش بخش کمی، طرح آزمایشی سه گروهی سه مرحله‌ای بود و جامعۀ آماری شامل همۀ شاغلین مشغول به خدمت در بخش‌های فنی شرکت تام کار بودند که با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری هدفمند 45 نفر از کارکنان انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی در سه گروه (هر گروه 15 نفر) قرار داده شدند. برای گردآوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامۀ اضطراب بک و پرسشنامۀ افسردگی بک استفاده شد. گروه آزمایشی 1 تحت آموزش شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی در 8 جلسۀ 90 دقیقه‌ای و گروه آزمایشی 2 تحت آموزش مقابله با استرس شغلی در 10 جلسۀ 90 دقیقه‌ای قرار گرفتند. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل یافته‌های پژوهش از روش تحلیل کوواریانس استفاده شد. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد که هر دو آموزش، تغییرات معناداری در افسردگی و اضطراب در مرحلۀ پس‌آزمون و پیگیری ایجاد کردند (p≤0.05). همچنین نتایج آزمون تعقیبی بونفرنی حاکی از آن بود که میزان اثربخشی آموزش بستۀ مقابله با استرس شغلی نسبت به شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی بیشتر است. لذا نتیجۀ پژوهش، حمایتی تجربی برای هر دو آموزش در جهت بهبود افسردگی و اضطراب در کارکنان صنعت فراهم می‌کند.
The aim of this study was develop a training package of coping with job stress and compare its effec with mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on anxiety and depression of Tam Kar’s employees.This research was a combination of exploratory research projects. The phenomenological qualitative method- content analysis was used to develop a training package to coping with job stress that 7 main codes (anxiety,depression,low emotional intelligence, ineffective coping strategies, cognitive problems,weakness of social skills and weakness of religious beliefs) were obtained And the coping with stress training package was adjusted based on these dimensions. The quantitative research method was a three-stage three-group pilot project in which the statistical population included all employees working in the technical departments of Tam Kar’s Company in Isfahan city Which the use ofpurposeful sampling, 45 employees were selected and randomly assigned to three groups (15 for each group). The Beck's Anxiety Inventory, and Beck's Depression Inventory were used to gather information. Experimental group 1 under the knowledge of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy 8 sessions of 90 minutes and experimental group 2 was trained to coping with job stress in 10 sessions 90-minute. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the research findings. The results showed that both trainings made significant changes in depression and anxiety in the post-test and follow-up stages (p≤0.05). Further, the results of Bonferroni’s follow-up test implied that there is effectiveness of package of Coping with Job Stress was higher than cognitive therapy based on mindfulness. Therefore, the result of this study provide experimental support for both training to improve depression and anxiety in industry employees.
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