تدوین بسته روان¬درمانی سیستمی فردی و اثربخشی آن بر تعلیق من بیماران افسرده
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسیسمیرا ارم 1 , احمد برجعلی 2 , حسین اسکندری 3 , محمد عسگری 4
1 - دانشجوی دکترای روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
2 - استاد گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
3 - استاد گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
4 - استاد گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: افسردگی, روان¬درمانی سیستمی فردی, تعلیق من,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از این پژوهش، تدوین و اعتباریابی بسته رواندرمانی سیستمی فردی و تعیین اثربخشی آن بر تعلیق من بیماران افسرده بود. در این پژوهش از روش تحقیق آمیخته از نوع طرح اکتشافی متوالی استفاده شد که طی دو مرحله انجام شد. در مرحلة اول پس از مرور ادبیات و مفاهیم و درمانهای موجود در حوزة نظریه سیستمی، بسته درمانی به روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی و روش تحليل مضمون استرلينگ تدوین شد و سپس توسط متخصصان روایی محتوایی بسته درمانی تعیین گردید. در مرحلة بعد برای تعیین اثربخشی آن از طرح تجربی تک موردي از نوع خط پایه چندگانه با آزمودنیهای مختلف و دوره پیگیری استفاده شد. جامعۀ آماری شامل کلیه افراد مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی مراجعه کننده به یک مرکز بهداشت روان در شهر تهران در سال1399بودند که با روش نمونهگیري در دسترس 3 نفر از این افراد با دارا بودن ملا کهای ورود و خروج پژوهش انتخاب شدند. مداخله به صورت انفرادی طی 12 جلسه60 دقیقهای انجام گرفت و پس از گذشت دو ماه و سه ماه از افراد پیگیری به عمل آمد. دادهها با استفاده از آزمون استروپ معنایی جمعآوری شد. برای تحلیل دادهها، از نمودار و تحلیل دیداری نمودارها استفاده شد. یافتهها نشان داد بسته رواندرمانی سیستمی فردی اعتبار محتوایی قابل قبولی دارد. همچنین نتایج مداخلة درمانی نشان داد که نشانههای تعلیق من در افراد افسرده کاهش یافته و اين اثر در مرحلة پيگيري تداوم داشت.
The purpose of this study was to formulate and validate indivitual systemic psychotherapy and determine its effectiveness on ego depletion of depressed people. In the present study, a mixed method research of consecutive exploratory design was used, which was performed in two stages.In the first stage, after reviewing the literature and the concepts and therapies in the field of system theory, the treatment protocol was developed by qualitative content analysis and Stirling content analysis. Then 8 clinical psychologists determined the content validity of the protocol. In the second stage, to determine its effectiveness, a single-subject multiple baseline with different subjects and follow-up period was used. The statistical population included all people with depressive disorder who referred to a mental health center in Tehran in 1399. Using the available sampling method, 3 of these people were selected with the incoming and outgoing research criteria. The intervention was performed individually in 12 sessions of 60 minutes and after two months and three months, the subjects were followed up. Data were collected using semantic Stroop test. For data analysis, graphs and visual analysis of graphs were used. The results showed that the individual systemic psychotherapy protocol has an acceptable content validity. The results of the treatment intervention also showed that the symptoms of ego depletion were reduced in depressed people and this effect continued in the follow-up phase.
Ahmadi Bejagh, A; Saeedinezhad, H; & Ahmadi Bejagh, S. (2014). The comparison of selective attention and working memory in people suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression with normal individuals; a neuropsychology perspective. Advances in Cognitive Science, 16(2), 37-48.
Badzakova, J.(2009). Neural activity during Stroop colour-word task performance in late proficient bilinguals: A functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging study. Psychology & Neuroscience, 2(2), 125-136.
Barcons, C; Cunillera, O; Miquel, V ; Ardevol, I; & Beyebach, M. (2016). Effectiveness of Brief Systemic Therapy versus Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in routine clinical practice. Psicothema, 28(3), 298- 303.
Baron, I. (2004). Neuropsychological evaluation of the child. New York: Oxford University press.
Baumeister, R. (2003). Ego depletion and self regulation: A resource model of self-control, Alcoholism: Clinical Experimental Research, 27(2):281-284.
Baumeister, R; Schmeichel, B; & Vohs, D. (2003). Intellectual performance and ego depletion: The role of the self in logical reasoning and other information processing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(1), 33-46.
Beutler, L; & Clarkin, J. (2014). Systematic treatment selection: Toward targeted therapeutic interventions. New York: Routledge.
Broderick, P; & Weston, C. (2009). Family therapy with a depressed adolescent. Psychiatry, 6(1):32-37.
Carr, A.(2018).Couple therapy, family therapy and systemic interventions for adult-focused problems: the current evidence base. Journal of Family Therapy, 41(4), 492–536.
Dreves, P. (2017). Neuroticism and Ego Depletion Patterns. Ph.D. Dissertation, the East Tennessee State University, USA.
Finlay, L. (2016). Relational Integrative Psychotherapy: Process and Theory in Practice. 1st ed. Chichester, Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.
Garcia-Toro, M. (2007). Biopsychosocial model in Depression revisited, Medical Hypotheses, 68(3), 683-691.
Hagerty, B; Bathish, M; & Kuchman, T.(2018). Development and testing of a self-regulation model for recurrent depression. Journal of Health Psychology, 25(10):1-11.
Hawley, L; Padesky, C; Hollon, D; Mancuso, L; Laposa, J; Brozina, K; & Segal, Z.(2017). Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Depression Using Mind Over Mood: CBT Skill Use and Differential Symptom Alleviation. Behavior Therapy, 48(1), 29-44.
Heatherington, L; Friedlanderb, M; Diamondc, G; Escuderod, V; & Pinsofe, W.(2015). 25 Years of systemic therapies research: Progress and promise. Psychotherapy Research, 25(3), 348–364.
Homack, S. (2004). A meta-analysis of the sensitivity and specificity of the Stroop Color and Word Test with children. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology,19(6), 725-743.
Keitner, G; Roy-Byrne, P; & Solomon, D.(2011). Unipolar depression in adults: Family and couples therapy, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,74(6),1192- 1202.
Muraven, M; & Baumeister, R. (2000). Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: Does self-control resemble a muscle?. Psychological Bulletin, 126(2), 247-259.
MacFarlane, M. (2008). Systemic Treatment of Depression. Journal of Family
Psychotherapy, 14(1), 41- 63.
Mangion, S. (2017). A systemic family therapy approach towards depression : a systemic family therapists’ perspective. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Malta, Malta.
Schmeichel, B; Baumeister, R; & Vohs, D. (2003). Intellectual performance and ego depletion: The role of the self in logical reasoning and other information processing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(1), 33-46.
Smith, E., &Rieger, E. (2006).The Effect of attentional bias Towards Weight and Shape Related Information on Body Dissatisfaction. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 39, 509-515.
Strauman, T; & Eddington, K.(2017). Treatment of Depression from a Self-Regulation Perspective: Basic Concepts and Applied Strategies in Self-System Therapy. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 41(1), 1–15.
Strauman, T. J; Vieth, A. Z; Merrill, K. A; Woods, T; Kolden, G. G; & wapil, L.k. (2006). Self-system therapy as an intervention for self-regulatory dysfunction in depression: A randomized comparison with cognitive therapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74, 367–376.
Strauman, T; & Eddington, K.(2017). Treatment of Depression from a Self-Regulation Perspective: Basic Concepts and Applied Strategies in Self-System Therapy. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 41(1), 1–15.
Stratton, P. (2016). Integrating Current Systemic Sciences into Systemic Therapy and Training: Soft and Anticipatory Systems Theories, Human Systems: The Journal of Therapy, Consultation & Training, 27(2), 101- 109.
Sydow, K; Beher, S; Schweitzer, J; & Retzlaff, R.(2011). The Efficacy of Systemic Therapy With Adult Patients: A Meta-Content Analysis of 38 Randomized Controlled Trials. Family Process, 49(4),457-486.
Tramonti, F; & Fanali, A. (2015). Toward an Integrative Model for Systemic Therapy with Individuals. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 26(3):178-189.
VanBronswijk, S; Moopen, N; LiaBeijers, L; Ruhe, H; & Peeters, F.(2019). Effectiveness of psychotherapy for treatment-resistant depression: a meta-analysis and meta- regression. Psychological Medicine, 49(3):366-379.
Wampler, k; Miller, R; Seedall, R; & McWey, l. (2020). The Handbook of Systemic Family Therapy. Hoboken: John Wiley and Sons Ltd.
Wittenborn, A; Rahmandad, H; Rick, J; & Hosseinichimeh, N.(2015). Depression as a systemic syndrome: mapping the feedback loops of major depressive disorder, Psychological Medicine, 46(3), 551–562.
Zhu, Z; Li, J; Zhang, B; Li, Y; & Zhang, H .(2015). The effect of motivation and positive affect on ego depletion: Replenishment versus release mechanism. International Journal of Psychology, 52(6), 445-452.
