الگوی بومی آسیب‌پذیری روانی-اجتماعی افسردگی مزمن: یک نظریه زمینه‌ای

محورهای موضوعی : تربیتی

سید محمدرضا صمصام شریعت ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشکاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران)
حمیدطاهر نشاط دوست ² (دکترای روان‌شناسی، گروه روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشکاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران)
مهرداد کلانتری ³ (دکترای روان‌شناسی، گروه روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشکاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران)
سیدحمیدرضا عریضی سامانی ⁴ (دکترای روان‌شناسی، گروه روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشکاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/07/25 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/07/25 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/03/01

کلید واژه: الگو, افسردگی مزمن, آسیب‌پذیری روانی-اجتماعی,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف این پژوهش تدوین الگوی آسیب‌پذیری روانی-اجتماعی افسردگی مزمن بود. روش نظریه زمینه‌ای به‌منظور تدوین نظریه پیرامون شرایط علی، راهبرها و پیامدها در افسردگی مزمن استفاده شد و نمونه‌ای (12 نفر) در گروه سنی 25 الی 60 سال، شامل مبتلایان به افسردگی مزمن مراجعه‌کننده به دو مرکز مشاوره و روان‌درمانی در شهر اصفهان به‌صورت هدفمند انتخاب شد. ابزار تحقیق شامل؛ مصاحبه ساختاریافته مبتنی بر ملاک‌های DSM5، مصاحبه باز و نیمه ساختارمند و مقیاس 24 آیتمی همیلتون برای افسردگی (HRSD24) بود. کدگذاری با کمک نرم‌افزار NVIVO انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد مزمن بودن اختلالات افسردگی درنتیجه شرایط شکست در نمایش قبلی و دوره‌های متعدد سابقه افسردگی و نیز احساس ناتوانی حاصل از مشکلات جسمانی و دردهای مزمن، در بستری از وجود مشکل در شرایط اجتماعی/خانوادگی و مالی/شغلی/تحصیلی، حاصل گردیده و وجود اختلال افسردگی نیز محصولی از عوامل شناختی و رفتاری است که این عوامل با ویژگی‌های خلقی و تنظیم هیجانی فرد در تعامل‌اند. با توجه به آنکه اغلب فرآیندهای روان‌درمانی تاکنون تأکیدی شناختی/رفتاری داشته‌اند، بنابر نظریه زمینه‌ای حاصل؛ در شرایط مزمن بودن اختلال، بهتر است اولویت درمان، متوجه مقوله‌های تداوم‌بخش؛ مشکلات درمانی و جسمانی و زمینه‌های خانوادگی/اجتماعی و شغلی/ تحصیلی/ مالی گردد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The aim of this study was. This exploratory qualitative study was carried out using grounded theory method. Data were collected via semistructured in-depth interviews and field notes. We interviewed with 12patients with chronic depression.Participants were selected from two psychotherapy clinics. The survey instrument included; structured Clinical Interview for DSM5 criteria and 24-item Hamilton depression scale (HRSD24). Data were analyzed using the NVIVO software. The results showed as a result of these factors caused chronic depression terms of the previous treatment failure and multiple courses prior history of depression and a sense of disability of physical problems and chronic pain. This disorder has been achieved in the context of the problem in terms of social / familial and financial / employment / education. The results showed that the basic conditions to depression include cognitive and behavioral factors which are influenced by mood and emotion regulation. The continuation of this disorder is the result of factors and physical health as well as social and family factors and occupational, academic and financial factors, which leads to the symptoms of chronic depression. Based on the grounded theory method of this study, Since most psychotherapy processes have been emphasized on aspects of cognitive / behavioral, at the time of the chronicity of the disorder, better health priority, according to maintaining these categories: health problems and physical and fields family / social and jobs / education /financial.

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