رابطۀ تأثیر سبک‌های دلبستگی بر کمال‌گرایی مثبت و منفی، خشم و سازگاری هیجانی در دانشجویان

محورهای موضوعی : تربیتی

نادر حاجلو ¹ (عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
حدیث حیدری راد ² (کارشناس ارشد، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی)
اوشا برهمند ³ (عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/07/25 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/07/25 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/07/25

کلید واژه: دانشجویان, سازگاری هیجانی, کمال‌گرایی, سبک دلبستگی, خشم,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی رابطۀ تأثیر سبک‌های دلبستگی بر کمال‌گرایی مثبت و منفی، خشم و سازگاری هیجانی در دانشجویان است. طرح پژوهش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی است. جامعۀ آماری همۀ دانشجویان مقطع کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی در سال تحصیلی 93ـ1392 بودند. از میان آنان 234 نفر به شیوۀ تصادفی خوشه‌ای چند مرحله‌ای به‌عنوان گروه نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات مقیاس دلبستگی بزرگسالان (هازن و شیور، 1987)، مقیاس کمال‌گرایی مثبت و منفی (تری‌شورت و همکاران، 1995)، پرسشنامۀ کنترل خشم (ضیاءالدین رضاخانی، 1389) و پرسشنامۀ سازگاری هیجانی (رینالدز، 2001) بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون چندمتغیره تحلیل شد. نتایج حاصل از رگرسیون چندمتغیره نشان داد سبک‌های دلبستگی ناایمن (اجتنابی، دوسوگرا) فقط برای کمال‌گرایی منفی و برای سبک دلبستگی دوسوگرا فقط نسبت به خشم و برای سبک‌های دلبستگی ایمن، اجتنابی و دوسوگرا نسبت به سازگاری هیجانی توان پیش‌بینی دارد (05/0>P ). الگوهای دلبستگی، تعیین‌کنندۀ بسیاری از رفتارها، عواطف و مناسبات بزرگسالان است، برای تکوین شخصیت ضروری و پایه‌ای برای سلامت روانی است. بنابراین نتایج این پژوهش با تأکید بر اهمیت تعامل در دوران کودکی و تأثیر آن بر رشد و سلامت روانی در بزرگسالی، پیش‌زمینه‌هایی برای انجام مشاورۀ روان‌شناسی خواهد بود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between attachment styles and positive/negative perfectionism, anger, and emotional adjustment of students. The research was a correlationl study. The population consisted of all graduate students of University of Ardabil in 2013. From among them, 234 students were sampled using random sampling. The research tools consisted of Hazan and Shaver Adult Attachment Scale (1987), Terry-short, et. al. Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (1995), Rezakhani Anger Control questionnaire (2010) and Raynolds Emotional Adjustment questionnaire (2001). The data were analyzed through Pearson’s correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression. The results of multiple linear regression indicated that insecure attachment styles (avoidant, ambivalent) could only predict negative perfectionism and ambivalent attachment style could predict anger (P<0.05). On the other hand, secure attachment styles (avoidant and ambivalent) could predict emotional adjustment (P<0.05). Attachment patterns can determine many behaviors, emotions and adults’ relations. They are necessary for personality growth and are the base for mental health. The results of this study emphasize the importance of interaction in childhood, its effect on the growth and mental health in adulthood, and can be the background for counseling.

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