مدل برنامه ریزی پویا تک مرحله‌ای توسعه شبکه انتقال در بازار برق رقابتی
حمید گرجی پور
1
(دانشکده برق، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران)
مجتبی نجفی
2
(گروه مهندسی برق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بوشهر)
نقی مودبی پیرکلاهچاهی
3
(دانشکده مهمدسی برق، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران)
کلید واژه: بازار برق رقابتی, قیمت‌گذاری حاشیه محلی, پرشدگی خطوط, برنامه‌ریزی توسعه انتقال,
چکیده مقاله :
برنامه ریزی توسعه انتقال معمولا با هدف سرمایه گذاری بر تقویت و یا نوسازی تجهیزات شبکه برق انجام می شود. در این برنامه ریزی کوتاه و یا میان مدت، نرخ رشد سالیانه بار شبکه باید برای برقراری امنیت، پایداری و قابلیت اطمینان تامین شود. در بازار برق رقابتی، توسعه دهندگان می توانند رفتار بازار برق را در برنامه ریزی توسعه انتقال برای مدیریت پرشدگی خطوط شبکه لحاظ نمایند. در مدل های پیشین برنامه ریزی توسعه انتقال، قیمت گذاری حاشیه محلی هر باس شبکه با استفاده از پخش بار محاسبه می شد. سپس بر اساس این قیمت گذاری ها، برنامه ریزی توسعه انتقال اجرا می شد. اما در این مدل ها وابستگی قیمت گذاری حاشیه محلی به تغییرات پیکربندی شبکه انتقال لحاظ نمی شد؛ در صورتی که تغییر آرایش شبکه انتقال می تواند قیمت و فرآیند انتقال برق به یک باس را تغییر دهد. بنابراین باید گفت که قیمت گذاری حاشیه محلی در زمان اجرای برنامه ریزی توسعه انتقال، ثابت نیست و باید به صورت دینامیکی در مدل در نظر گرفته شود. در این مقاله وابستگی دینامیکی قیمت گذاری حاشیه محلی به تغییر آرایش شبکه انتقال و پیشامدهای ناگهانی در شبکه مدل شده است. این مدل به صورت برنامه ریزی خطی عدد صحیح تک مرحله ای درآمده است و با ادغام نرم افزارهای YALMIP و MOSEK حل شده است. مدل پیشنهادی به واقعیت نزدیک تر است، هرچند زمان محاسبات بیشتری نیاز دارد. منظور از مدل تک مرحله ای، محاسبه همزمان قیمت گذاری حاشیه محلی و برنامه ریزی توسعه است. این مدل به شبکه 6 باس گارور و شبکه 24 باس IEEE اعمال شده است. اثرات مربوط به نرخ بهره، نسبت بار به ظرفیت تولید، نرخ رشد بار در مدل برنامه ریزی توسعه خطوط مورد تحلیل و بررسی قرار داده شده است. مدل مبتنی بر پیشامدهای ناگهانی با در نظرگیری خرابی خطوط انتقال ارائه شده است و راه کاری مقاوم و قابل اعتماد ارائه شده است که امنیت شبکه را در دسته پیشامدهای احتمالی از پیش تعیین شده تضمین می کند. این مدل پرهزینه تر اما منعطف تر از مدل های پیشین است.
چکیده انگلیسی :
In the competitive market the planners can include market behavior in the Transmission Expansion planning (TEP) to manage the congestion. Before the expansion planning, the value of local marginal pricing (LMP) of each bus can be calculated using the optimal power flow. Then based on them the TEP is performed. But this model does not consider the dependency of the LMP to the network structure changes, because by changing the topology the cost and process of delivering power to a bus can be changed. So, the LMP is not constant during the TEP and must be included in the model dynamically. In this paper the dynamic dependency of LMP to the transmission system topology variations and contingencies is modelled as a single stage mixed-integer linear programming and solved with integration of the YALMIP and MOSEK software. The proposed model is more realistic; however, it takes more computation time. The single stage means the simultaneous calculation of LMPs and expansion planning in the model. The model has been applied to Garver 6-bus and the IEEE 24-bus network. The effect of interest rate, the load to generation capacity factor and load growth rate on the TEP model are analysed. The contingency-based model considers the contingency of line outages and presents a robust and reliable solution that guarantee the system security assessment during the set of predefined contingencies. It provides more expensive but more flexible solutions.
[1] E. Naderi, M. Pourakbari-Kasmaei, and M. Lehtonen, "Transmission expansion planning integrated with wind farms: A review, comparative study, and a novel profound search approach," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 115, p. 105460, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.105460.
[2] M. Esmaili, M. Ghamsari-Yazdel, N. Amjady, C. Chung, and A. J. Conejo, "Transmission expansion planning including TCSCs and SFCLs: A MINLP approach," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 4396-4407, 2020, doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2020.2987982.
[3] S. L. Gbadamosi and N. I. Nwulu, "Reliability assessment of composite generation and transmission expansion planning incorporating renewable energy sources," Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, vol. 12, no. 2, p. 026301, 2020, doi: 10.1063/1.5119244.
[4] A. S. Zakeri, O. A. Gashteroodkhani, I. Niazazari, and H. Askarian-Abyaneh, "The effect of different non-linear demand response models considering incentive and penalty on transmission expansion planning," European Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, vol. 3, no. 1, 2019, doi: 10.24018/ejece.2019.3.1.57.
[5] M. Mehrtash and A. Kargarian, "Risk-based dynamic generation and transmission expansion planning with propagating effects of contingencies," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 118, p. 105762, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.105762.
[6] M. Parham and S. Mortazavi, "Optimization of random scheduling combining wind farm and storage pumps in the electricity market," Journal of Communication Engineering, vol. 9, no. 34, 2020.
[7] M. Khadem and M. Najafi, "Demand Planning and Transmission Network Development in the Capacity Market Using Microgrids," Journal of Communication Engineering, vol. 11, no. 41, pp. 43-58, 2021.
[8] V. K. Yadav, K. Singh, and S. Gupta, "Market-oriented transmission expansion planning using non-linear programming and multi-criteria data envelopment analysis," Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, vol. 19, p. 100234, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.segan.2019.100234.
[9] D. S. Stock, Y. Harms, D. Mende, and L. Hofmann, "Robust nonlinear mathematical transmission expansion planning based on German electricity market simulation," Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 189, p. 106685, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106685.
[10] R. Hejeejo and J. Qiu, "Probabilistic transmission expansion planning considering distributed generation and demand response programs," IET Renewable Power Generation, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 650-658, 2017, doi: 10.1049/iet-rpg.2016.0725.
[11] L. Baringo and A. Baringo, "A Stochastic Adaptive Robust Optimization Approach for the Generation and Transmission Expansion Planning," in IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 792-802, Jan. 2018, doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2017.2713486.
[12] M. Khakpoor, M. Jafari‐Nokandi, and A. A. Abdoos, "Dynamic generation and transmission expansion planning in the power market–based on a multiobjective framework," International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, vol. 27, no. 9, p. e2353, 2017, doi: 10.1002/etep.2353.
[13] M. Khadem and M. Esmaeilbeig, "Optimize the Number, Locating, and Sizing of D-STATCOM and DGs Using GA Algorithm," Journal of Communication Engineering, vol. 11, no. 41, pp. 29-42, 2021.
[14] R. Hemmati, R. A. Hooshmand, and A. Khodabakhshian, "Comprehensive review of generation and transmission expansion planning," IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 7, no. 9, pp. 955-964, 2013, doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2013.0031.
[15] I. C. Gonzalez‐Romero, S. Wogrin, and T. Gómez, "Review on generation and transmission expansion co‐planning models under a market environment," IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 931-944, 2020, doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2019.0123.
[16] S. M. Mousavi and T. Barforoushi, "Strategic wind power investment in competitive electricity markets considering the possibility of participation in intraday market," IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 14, no. 14, pp. 2676-2686, 2020, doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2019.1237.
[17] M. Karimi, A. Pirayesh, and M. Kheradmandi, "Participation of generating companies in transmission investment in electricity markets," IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 624-632, 2018, doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2017.0413.
[18] S. Majumder, R. Shereef, and S. A. Khaparde, "Two‐stage algorithm for efficient transmission expansion planning with renewable energy resources," IET Renewable Power Generation, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 320-329, 2017, doi: 10.1049/iet-rpg.2016.0085.
_||_[1] E. Naderi, M. Pourakbari-Kasmaei, and M. Lehtonen, "Transmission expansion planning integrated with wind farms: A review, comparative study, and a novel profound search approach," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 115, p. 105460, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.105460.
[2] M. Esmaili, M. Ghamsari-Yazdel, N. Amjady, C. Chung, and A. J. Conejo, "Transmission expansion planning including TCSCs and SFCLs: A MINLP approach," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 4396-4407, 2020, doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2020.2987982.
[3] S. L. Gbadamosi and N. I. Nwulu, "Reliability assessment of composite generation and transmission expansion planning incorporating renewable energy sources," Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, vol. 12, no. 2, p. 026301, 2020, doi: 10.1063/1.5119244.
[4] A. S. Zakeri, O. A. Gashteroodkhani, I. Niazazari, and H. Askarian-Abyaneh, "The effect of different non-linear demand response models considering incentive and penalty on transmission expansion planning," European Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, vol. 3, no. 1, 2019, doi: 10.24018/ejece.2019.3.1.57.
[5] M. Mehrtash and A. Kargarian, "Risk-based dynamic generation and transmission expansion planning with propagating effects of contingencies," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 118, p. 105762, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.105762.
[6] M. Parham and S. Mortazavi, "Optimization of random scheduling combining wind farm and storage pumps in the electricity market," Journal of Communication Engineering, vol. 9, no. 34, 2020.
[7] M. Khadem and M. Najafi, "Demand Planning and Transmission Network Development in the Capacity Market Using Microgrids," Journal of Communication Engineering, vol. 11, no. 41, pp. 43-58, 2021.
[8] V. K. Yadav, K. Singh, and S. Gupta, "Market-oriented transmission expansion planning using non-linear programming and multi-criteria data envelopment analysis," Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, vol. 19, p. 100234, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.segan.2019.100234.
[9] D. S. Stock, Y. Harms, D. Mende, and L. Hofmann, "Robust nonlinear mathematical transmission expansion planning based on German electricity market simulation," Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 189, p. 106685, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106685.
[10] R. Hejeejo and J. Qiu, "Probabilistic transmission expansion planning considering distributed generation and demand response programs," IET Renewable Power Generation, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 650-658, 2017, doi: 10.1049/iet-rpg.2016.0725.
[11] L. Baringo and A. Baringo, "A Stochastic Adaptive Robust Optimization Approach for the Generation and Transmission Expansion Planning," in IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 792-802, Jan. 2018, doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2017.2713486.
[12] M. Khakpoor, M. Jafari‐Nokandi, and A. A. Abdoos, "Dynamic generation and transmission expansion planning in the power market–based on a multiobjective framework," International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, vol. 27, no. 9, p. e2353, 2017, doi: 10.1002/etep.2353.
[13] M. Khadem and M. Esmaeilbeig, "Optimize the Number, Locating, and Sizing of D-STATCOM and DGs Using GA Algorithm," Journal of Communication Engineering, vol. 11, no. 41, pp. 29-42, 2021.
[14] R. Hemmati, R. A. Hooshmand, and A. Khodabakhshian, "Comprehensive review of generation and transmission expansion planning," IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 7, no. 9, pp. 955-964, 2013, doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2013.0031.
[15] I. C. Gonzalez‐Romero, S. Wogrin, and T. Gómez, "Review on generation and transmission expansion co‐planning models under a market environment," IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 931-944, 2020, doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2019.0123.
[16] S. M. Mousavi and T. Barforoushi, "Strategic wind power investment in competitive electricity markets considering the possibility of participation in intraday market," IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 14, no. 14, pp. 2676-2686, 2020, doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2019.1237.
[17] M. Karimi, A. Pirayesh, and M. Kheradmandi, "Participation of generating companies in transmission investment in electricity markets," IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 624-632, 2018, doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2017.0413.
[18] S. Majumder, R. Shereef, and S. A. Khaparde, "Two‐stage algorithm for efficient transmission expansion planning with renewable energy resources," IET Renewable Power Generation, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 320-329, 2017, doi: 10.1049/iet-rpg.2016.0085.
