ارزیابی چگالی شار مغناطیسی میدان‌های فرکانس بی نهایت پایین(ELF ) در حومه مناطق مسکونی خطوط برق فشار قوی شهر اصفهان
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت محیط زیست، بهداشت و ایمنی
راضیه سعید
1
,
مجید عباسپور طهرانی فرد
2
,
سید علیرضا میرزاحسینی
3
,
نبی الله منصوری
4
1 - کارشناس ارشد مدیریت محیط زیست(HSE) دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، ایران.
2 - استاد دانشکده مکانیک دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران.
3 - استادیار دانشکده محیط زیست و انرژی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، ایران.
4 - استاد دانشکده محیط زیست و انرژی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران،ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1398/03/23
تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/06/11
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/04/01
کلید واژه:
چگالی شار مغناطیسی,
فرکانس بی‌نهایت کم,
خطوط فشار قوی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه هدف: با ورود خطوط نیرو با ولتاژ های بالا به حریم زندگی انسان، بررسی آثار سوء میدان های مغناطیسی بر محیط زیست و انسان، انگیزه تحقیقات گردیده است. تماس با این میدان ها منجر به اثرات مضر بر روی سلامتی انسان ها می گردد از طرفی با توجه به گستردگی این منابع به دلیل غیر قابل رویت بودن امواج، انتشار از منابع مختلف، پرداختن به آن از اهمیت ویژه ای برخوردار است. هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی چگالی شار مغناطیسی در حومه خطوط فشار قوی و تعیین نقاط بحرانی در GISمی باشد.
روش بررسی: در این تحقیق میدانی اندازه گیری ها در منطقه 13 شهر اصفهان با استفاده از دستگاه سنجش امواج HI-3604 و استاندارد IEEE در 522 نقطه انجام و نتایج حاصل با استفاده از SPSS و GIS مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
یافته ها: حداقل و حداکثر چگالی شار مغناطیسی 6/4 و 13/0 میکرو تسلا در فواصل 0و20 متری از دکل بدست آمد که نشان داد با افزایش فاصله ، ارتفاع و کاهش شدت جریان عبوری ، مقادیر اندازه گیری شده کاهش می یابد. ارتباط معناداری بین مقادیر چگالی شار مغناطیسی و قاصله ،ارتفاع و شدت جریان وجود دارد. (p value>0/05)
بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج نشان داد چگالی شار مغناطیسی در کلیه نقاط نسبت به استاندارد ICNIRP کمتر است، ولیکن با توجه به اثرات یافت شده از این امواج در مقادیر بسیار پایین تر از حدود استاندارد رعایت حریم مناطق مسکونی و به حداقل رساندن مواجهه پیشنهاد می گردد. در GIS نقاط بحرانی در بلوار شفق در حومه خط 230 و نقاط امن ، محدوده خیابان ولیعصر حومه خط 63 کیلوولت می باشد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Purpose History: Emergence of high-voltage power lines in the human life has fueled the investigations on the adverse impacts of magnetic fields on the human and environment. Contact with these fields will adversely affect the human health. On the other hand, extent of these sources due to the waves’ invisibility and propagation from different sources has increased the importance of these studies. The aim of this research is to evaluate the magnetic flux density in the vicinity of the high-voltage power lines and determine the critical points in GIS.
Materials and Methods: In this field research, measurements were conducted in 13 districts of Isfahan using wave-measuring device (HI-3604) according to IEEE standard in 522 points. The results were analyzed by SPSS and GIS.
Findings/Results: Minimum and maximum magnetic flux densities were 0.13 and 4.6 µT measured at 0 and 20 m distances from the high-voltage power line, respectively. This shows that the measured quantitates will be declined by increase of the distance and height and reduction of the current. A significant relationship was observed between the magnetic flux density and distance, height and current (P-value>0.05).
Discussion and Conclution: The results also suggested that the magnetic flux density was lower than the ICNIRP in all the investigated points. However, regarding the consequences of these waves even in far smaller levels (compared to the standard) on the human health, the residential regions should be established in proper distance to these lines to minimize the exposure. In GIS, the critical points were observed in Shafagh Blvd. in vicinity of line 230; while the safe pints were located in Vali-e-Asr St. in vicinity of 63-kV line.
منابع و مأخذ:
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6- Eslamian Pirayesh, J., Hosseinpoor Feizi, MA., Akbari Kamranvar , S., Ehrabian , G.,.2003 . Effects of 2 mT magnetic fields with a frequency 3 Hz on chromosomes of human peripheral blood lymphocytesin in vitro and mouse (rat) in vivo. J kerman Univ Med Scie,Vol.2,No.10, PP. 211-218.
7- Rifai , AB., Hakami , MA.,2014. Health hazards ofelectromagnetic radiation. Journal of Biosciences and Medicines,2, No.8, pp. 1-12.
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11- Balaji ,A.,2015. Effect of High Voltage Transmission Lines on Human Health, Plant Life, and Animal Activity. Int J Res Eng Technol.Vol.2, No.3, pp. 441-446.
12- Husni ,NA., Islam, MT.,2013. Faruque MRI., Misran N.,2013. Effects ofelectromagnetic absorption towards human head due tovariation its dielectric properties at 900, 1800 and 1900MHz with different antenna substrates.Vol.13, No.8, pp.367–388.
13- American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH).,2005. Threshold limit value for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices.
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15- Nwoke,j.,Onimisi, M., Jonah, S., Tafida, R., 2017.Measurement and Analysis Of Health Effects Due to Exposure To Non-Ionizing Radiation From High Tention Cables Around Kaduna Metropolis, North West, Nigeria, American Journal of condensed matter physics.Vol.7, No.3,pp. 73-80
16- Ovezehe ,A., Maina,I., Hamdallah, A.,2012.Analysis of electromagnetic pollution due to high voltage transmission lines. Vol.2, No.7, pp.1-10.
17- Straume, A., Johnsson, A., Oftedal, G.,2008. ELFmagneticflux densities measured in a cityenvironment in summer and winter.Bioelectromagnetics.Vol.29, No.1. pp.20-28.
18- Nasiri,parvin., Atari, sogol., Investigating the electromagnetic waves of high voltage power station in hamedan province ,international energy systems conference,Tehran power research institute,iran (in Persian)
19- Korpinen, L., Kuisti, H., Paakkonen, R., Vanhala, P., Elovaara, J.,2011. Occupational exposure to electric and magnetic fields while working at switching and transforming stations of 110 kv. The Annals of Occupational Hygiene.Vol.55, No.5, pp. 526-536.
20- Olsen, JH., Nielsen, A., Schulgen, G.,1993. Residence near high voltage facilities and risk of cancerin children. BMJ.Vol.307, No.6909,pp. 891-895.
21- zazouli,mohammad.,monazam,mohammadreza.,yazdanicharati,javad., hosseinzade,fatemeh. 'Evaluation of Exposure to low frequency electromagnetic fields in Tehran in 2011'mazandaran university of medical sciences,2011,vol.23,no. 2.pp.146-151(in Persian)
22- Shaygani akrami, ali., Power transmission lines of electromagnetic fields,problems and solution ,iran health school,vol.2,no.7,pp. 181-188(in Persian)
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1- Knave, B.,2001. Electromagnetic Fields and Health Outcomes. Ann Acad Med Singapore. ,vol.30,No1, pp.489-493.
2- Legros , A., Modolo, J., Brown, S., et al.,2015. Effects of a 60 Hz Magnetic Field Exposure Up to 3000 μT on Human Brain Activation as Measured by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ,Vol.10,No.7,pp. 1-27
3- Gajšek, P., Ravazzani, P., Grellier, J., et al.,2016. Review of Studies Concerning Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Exposure Assessment in Europe: Low Frequency Fields (50 Hz–100 kHz). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. ,Vol.13,No.9,pp.875-891
4- Draper ,G., Vincent ,T., Kroll ,ME., Swanson ,J.,2005 .childhood cancer in relation to distance from high voltage power lines in England and Wales: a case – control study,Vol. 330,No.75 ,PP.1290-1294.
5- Ahlbom , A., Bridges, J., Deseza ,R., Hillert, L., 2008. Possible effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on human health-opinion of the scientific committee on emerging and newly identified health risks ,Vol.3,No.2,pp.248- 250
6- Eslamian Pirayesh, J., Hosseinpoor Feizi, MA., Akbari Kamranvar , S., Ehrabian , G.,.2003 . Effects of 2 mT magnetic fields with a frequency 3 Hz on chromosomes of human peripheral blood lymphocytesin in vitro and mouse (rat) in vivo. J kerman Univ Med Scie,Vol.2,No.10, PP. 211-218.
7- Rifai , AB., Hakami , MA.,2014. Health hazards ofelectromagnetic radiation. Journal of Biosciences and Medicines,2, No.8, pp. 1-12.
8- Ross ,C.,2016. Mechanisms of extra low frequencyelectromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on humanbone marrow stem/stromal cell (hHM-MSC) , Vol.3, No.2, pp. 10-55
9- Dib , D., Mordjaoui, M.,2014. Study of the influence high-voltage power lines on environment and human health (case study: The electromagnetic pollution in Tebessa city, Algeria, Vol.2, No.1, pp. 1-8.
10- Belyaev, I., Dean, A., Eger, H., Hubmann ,G., et al,.2016. EUROPAEM EMF Guideline 2016 for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EMF-related health problems and illnesses. Rev Environ Health.Vol.31, No.3, pp. 363-397.
11- Balaji ,A.,2015. Effect of High Voltage Transmission Lines on Human Health, Plant Life, and Animal Activity. Int J Res Eng Technol.Vol.2, No.3, pp. 441-446.
12- Husni ,NA., Islam, MT.,2013. Faruque MRI., Misran N.,2013. Effects ofelectromagnetic absorption towards human head due tovariation its dielectric properties at 900, 1800 and 1900MHz with different antenna substrates.Vol.13, No.8, pp.367–388.
13- American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH).,2005. Threshold limit value for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices.
14- shamesh, r., partha, s., roha, T., 2018. Residential exposure from extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering.Vol.3, No.5, PP.298-308
15- Nwoke,j.,Onimisi, M., Jonah, S., Tafida, R., 2017.Measurement and Analysis Of Health Effects Due to Exposure To Non-Ionizing Radiation From High Tention Cables Around Kaduna Metropolis, North West, Nigeria, American Journal of condensed matter physics.Vol.7, No.3,pp. 73-80
16- Ovezehe ,A., Maina,I., Hamdallah, A.,2012.Analysis of electromagnetic pollution due to high voltage transmission lines. Vol.2, No.7, pp.1-10.
17- Straume, A., Johnsson, A., Oftedal, G.,2008. ELFmagneticflux densities measured in a cityenvironment in summer and winter.Bioelectromagnetics.Vol.29, No.1. pp.20-28.
18- Nasiri,parvin., Atari, sogol., Investigating the electromagnetic waves of high voltage power station in hamedan province ,international energy systems conference,Tehran power research institute,iran (in Persian)
19- Korpinen, L., Kuisti, H., Paakkonen, R., Vanhala, P., Elovaara, J.,2011. Occupational exposure to electric and magnetic fields while working at switching and transforming stations of 110 kv. The Annals of Occupational Hygiene.Vol.55, No.5, pp. 526-536.
20- Olsen, JH., Nielsen, A., Schulgen, G.,1993. Residence near high voltage facilities and risk of cancerin children. BMJ.Vol.307, No.6909,pp. 891-895.
21- zazouli,mohammad.,monazam,mohammadreza.,yazdanicharati,javad., hosseinzade,fatemeh. 'Evaluation of Exposure to low frequency electromagnetic fields in Tehran in 2011'mazandaran university of medical sciences,2011,vol.23,no. 2.pp.146-151(in Persian)
22- Shaygani akrami, ali., Power transmission lines of electromagnetic fields,problems and solution ,iran health school,vol.2,no.7,pp. 181-188(in Persian)
