تاثیر مولفه های تمرکززدایی بر تبیین الگوی رشد نامتوازن کلانشهر تهران
محورهای موضوعی : آمایش سرزمین
اکبر گنجه
1
,
علیرضا استعلاجی
2
,
علی شیخ اعظمی
3
,
حمیدرضا صباغی
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،تهران، ایران.
2 - استاد گروه جغرافیا، واحد یادگار امام خمینی(ره) شهرری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره) شهر ری، ایران.*(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استادیار، جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری ، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
4 - استادیار، جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری ، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: تمرکز زدایی, رشد نامتوازن, کلانشهر تهران.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: شهر گریزی به عنوان جابجایی جمعیت از نواحی شهری به نواحی روستایی، به ویژه با مهاجرت از شهر به روستا، مطرح است. این پدیده می‌تواند با تحلیل تفاوت نرخ رشد جمعیت در نواحی روستایی نسبت به نواحی شهری، وارد شود. شهرنشینی به دلیل تأثیرات آسیب‌های زیست‌محیطی مضر در کشورهای مختلف به یک نگرانی جهانی تبدیل شده است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر مولفه‌های تمرکز زدایی بر الگوی رشد نامتوازن کلانشهر تهران است.
روش بررسی: پژوهش با تأکید بر تمرکز زدایی شهری، به بررسی تأثیر مولفه‌های این پدیده بر رشد کلانشهر تهران پرداخت. جامعه هدف این تحقیق، کارکنان شهرداری تهران بودند که از طریق نمونه‌گیری تصادفی انتخاب شدند. از پرسشنامه‌های استاندارد به عنوان ابزار پژوهش استفاده شده و برای آزمون فرضیه‌های پژوهش از تحلیل حداقل مربعات جزئی (PLS) استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج تحقیق نشان دادند که مولفه‌های تمرکز زدایی، به ویژه در زمینه‌های قدرت مدیریت و خصوصی‌سازی و واگذاری قدرت، تأثیر مثبت و معناداری بر الگوی رشد کلانشهر تهران دارند.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: تأثیر مثبت مولفه‌های تمرکز زدایی بر قدرت مدیریت و خصوصی‌سازی و واگذاری قدرت، در جهت توسعه و بهبود الگوی رشد کلانشهر تهران می‌افزاید. این نتایج نشانگر اهمیت اقداماتی هستند که به تمرکز زدایی از شهرها به روستاها و بهبود مدیریت و خصوصی‌سازی منابع می‌پردازند و با توجه به یافته‌های حاصل از تحقیق، می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که تمرکز زدایی در ارتقاء قدرت مدیریت و خصوصی‌سازی، می‌تواند به بهبود و تعادل در الگوی رشد کلانشهر تهران کمک کند. این نتایج اهمیت اجرای اقدامات مؤثر در زمینه‌های مورد بررسی را تأکید می‌کنند و می‌تواند به سازمان‌ها و مسئولان شهری در تصمیم‌گیری‌های مستقبلی کمک کند.
Background and Objective: Urban flight, as the migration of the population from urban to rural areas, especially with migration from cities to villages, is a notable phenomenon. This phenomenon can be introduced by analyzing the difference in population growth rates between rural and urban areas. Urbanization has become a global concern due to the adverse environmental effects it poses in various countries. The main objective of this research is to examine the impact of the components of deconcentration on the unbalanced growth pattern of Tehran's metropolis.
Material and Methodology: With an emphasis on urban deconcentration, the study investigates the influence of the components of this phenomenon on the growth of Tehran's metropolis. The target population of this research includes employees of the Tehran Municipality who were selected through random sampling. Standard questionnaires were used as the research tool, and Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis was employed to test the research hypotheses.
Findings: The research results indicated that the components of deconcentration, especially in the areas of management power, privatization, and power delegation, have a positive and significant impact on the growth pattern of Tehran's metropolis.
Discussion and Conclusion: The positive impact of deconcentration components on management power, privatization, and power delegation enhances the development and improvement of Tehran's metropolis growth pattern. These findings emphasize the importance of actions focusing on deconcentration from cities to villages and improving resource management and privatization. In light of the research findings, it can be concluded that deconcentration, in promoting management power and privatization, can contribute to the improvement and balance of Tehran's metropolis growth pattern. These results highlight the significance of implementing effective measures in the examined areas and can assist organizations and urban officials in future decision-making.
1. Havryliuk, o., gnatiuk, o. And mezentsev, k., 2021. Suburbanization, but centralization? Migration patterns in the post-soviet functional urban region–evidence from kyiv. Folia geographica, 63(1), p.64.
2. Novotný, L., 2019. Impact of migration on rural region in post-socialist Slovakia. Three Decades of Transformation in the East-Central European Countryside, pp.165-189.
3. Shi, G., Lu, X., Zhang, H., Zheng, H., Zhang, Z., Chen, S., Xing, J. and Wang, S., 2022. Air pollutant emissions induced by rural-to-urban migration during China's urbanization (2005–2015). Environmental Science and Ecotechnology, 10, p.100166.
4. Carson, D.A., Carson, D.B. and Argent, N., 2022. Cities, hinterlands and disconnected urban-rural development: Perspectives from sparsely populated areas. Journal of Rural Studies, 93, pp.104-111.
5. He, S.Y., Wu, D., Chen, H., Hou, Y. and Ng, M.K., 2020. New towns and the local agglomeration economy. Habitat international, 98, p.102153.
6. Atack, J., Margo, R.A. and Rhode, P.W., 2022. Industrialization and urbanization in nineteenth century America. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 94, p.103678.
7. Wang, J., Zhou, Y., Zhou, L., Zhang, Y., Qin, B., Spencer, R.G., Brookes, J.D., Jeppesen, E., Weyhenmeyer, G.A. and Wu, F., 2023. Urbanization in developing countries overrides catchment productivity in fueling inland water CO2 emissions. Global Change Biology, 29(1), pp.1-4.
8. Humbal, A., Chaudhary, N. and Pathak, B., 2023. Urbanization Trends, Climate Change, and Environmental Sustainability. In Climate Change and Urban Environment Sustainability (pp. 151-166). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
9. Almulhim, A.I. and Cobbinah, P.B., 2023. Can rapid urbanization be sustainable? The case of Saudi Arabian cities. Habitat International, 139, p.102884.
10. Buettner, T., 2015. Urban estimates and projections at the United Nations: The strengths, weaknesses, and underpinnings of the world urbanization prospects. Spatial Demography, 3(2), pp.91-108.
11. Bagheri, B. and Soltani, A., 2023. The spatio-temporal dynamics of urban growth and population in metropolitan regions of Iran. Habitat International, 136, p.102797.
12. Hosseinzadeh Delir, K., 1381, role-players of urban management and the necessity of specialization in councils: a conversation with Karim Hosseinzadeh Delir. Municipalities 38. (In Persian)
13. Panday, P.K., 2019. The administrative system in Bangladesh: Reform initiatives with failed outcomes. Civil service management and administrative systems in South Asia, pp.215-239.
14. Foroghi Abri Ali Asghar and Sohami Farhad. ., 2016, investigation and analysis of factors affecting centralism in the contemporary history of Iran in the two parts of the constitutional revolution and the Islamic revolution. History of Revolution, second period(2-3), 115-146. (In Persian)
15. Nikouei, M., 2023. Creating Local Democracy in Iran: State Building and the Politics of Decentralization by Kian Tajbakhsh. The Middle East Journal, 77(2), pp.231-233.
16. Chen, Y., Hu, Y. and Lai, L., 2022. Demography-oriented urban spatial matching of service facilities: Case study of changchun, China. Land, 11(10), p.1660.
17. Kessy, A.T., 2023. Decentralization and administrative discretion in Tanzania: An analysis of administrative discretion on human resources, finance and service delivery. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 8(1), p.100684.
18. Rondinelli, D.A., 2022. Administrative decentralization of agricultural and rural development programs in Asia: A comparative analysis. In Agricultural extension worldwide (pp. 22-57). Routledge.
19. Colomb, C. and Tomaney, J., 2021. Spatial planning, nationalism and territorial politics in Europe. Regional Studies, 55(1), pp.101-114.
20. Hosseini, S.H. and Hajilou, M., 2019. Drivers of urban sprawl in urban areas of Iran. Papers in Regional Science, 98(2), pp.1137-1158.
21. Pajoohan, M., 2019. Regional development or regional policies? A review of 60 years of regional planning and development in pre and post Islamic revolution Iran. Journal of Regional and City Planning, 30(2), pp.102-122.
22. Ladier-Fouladi, M., 2021. The Islamic Republic of Iran’s New Population Policy and Recent Changes in Fertility. Iranian Studies, 54(5-6), pp.907-930.
23. Timuri Asghar, Nia Jamila Tawakli, Meshkini Abolfazl., 1401, measuring the spatial extent of Tehran metropolis and its effect on environmental changes. Applied Research of Geographical Sciences. 22 (65): 367-380. (In Persian)
24. Bahadorestani, A., Naderpajouh, N. and Sadiq, R., 2020. Planning for sustainable stakeholder engagement based on the assessment of conflicting interests in projects. Journal of Cleaner Production, 242, p.118402.
25. Zhao, L. and Shen, L., 2019. The impacts of rail transit on future urban land use development: A case study in Wuhan, China. Transport Policy, 81, pp.396-405.
26. Liu, Z., Ding, M., He, C., Li, J., & Wu, J. (2019). The impairment of environmental sustainability due to rapid urbanization in the dryland region of northern China. Landscape and Urban Planning, 187, 165-180.
27. Moon, D. (2018). A Study of the Impact of the Fiscal Decentralization on the Regional Disparity: Focus on 16 Metropolitan and Provincial Governments of South Korea, Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 191.
28. Zarei, Yaqoub, Astelazhi, Alireza, 1400, measuring and analyzing some cultural components of development in the cities of Bushehr province using multi-indicator decision-making hybrid models, Haft Hesar Environmental Studies Quarterly, Volume 6, Number 22. (In Persian)
29. Tavakoli Kajani, Hossein, Astelaji, Alireza, Ranjbar, Hossein., 2019, evaluation of the changes of city-rural linkages in the regional sustainable development system (case study of Ray city and the sphere of influence), Scientific and Research Quarterly and International Geography of Iran, no. 63, period 17. (In Persian)
30. Ghafari Masoud, Rostampour Mohammad, 1400, the ratio of centralization and good governance in the ninth and tenth governments. Islamic World Political Research Quarterly. 11 (1): 139-161. (In Persian)
31. Ahmadi Marzieh and Alikhan Gorgani Ruhollah, 1400, Financial Decentralization of Vertical Balance and Regional Development in Iran (Case Study: Iranian Provinces), Sustainable Development and Growth Research, Year 21, 1, 182-147. (In Persian)
32. Kishoredoost Junbeh, Samaneh F. Ahmadi, Hossein, 1400, Analysis of the obstacles and challenges of achieving decentralization in the framework of Islamic councils in the Islamic Republic, Public Policy Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 1, pp. 175-197. (In Persian)
33. Expert, U.P., Aslipour, H., Expert, S.C., Shieh, A., Babaei, E. and Expert, U.P., 2022. National Urban Policy Programme Developing National Urban Policy and Smart City Strategy in IR Iran.
34. Rahi, S., Alnaser, F.M. and Abd Ghani, M., 2019. Designing survey research: recommendation for questionnaire development, calculating sample size and selecting research paradigms. Economic and Social Development: Book of Proceedings, pp.1157-1169.
35. Roeser, T. and Kern, E.M., 2015. Surveys in business process management–a literature review. Business Process Management Journal, 21(3), pp.692-718.
36. CAROL, D.N., 2004. Factors associated with dietary intake among hiv positive adults (18-65 years) at the mildmay center, Kampala, Uganda.
37. Dijkstra, T.K. and Henseler, J., 2015. Consistent partial least squares path modeling. MIS quarterly, 39(2), pp.297-316.
38. Yahaya, M., Murtala, A.A. and Onukwube, H.N., 2019. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM): A Note For Beginners. Retrieved November, 6, p.2020.
39. Cheung, G.W., Cooper-Thomas, H.D., Lau, R.S. and Wang, L.C., 2023. Reporting reliability, convergent and discriminant validity with structural equation modeling: A review and best-practice recommendations. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, pp.1-39.
40. Fang, H.F., Susanti, H.D., Dlamini, L.P., Miao, N.F. and Chung, M.H., 2022. Validity and reliability of the spiritual care competency scale for oncology nurses in Taiwan. BMC Palliative Care, 21(1), pp.1-11.
41. Ciavolino, E., Ferrante, L., Sternativo, G.A., Cheah, J.H., Rollo, S., Marinaci, T. and Venuleo, C., 2022. A confirmatory composite analysis for the Italian validation of the interactions anxiousness scale: a higher-order version. Behaviormetrika, pp.1-24.
42. Ab Hamid, M.R., Sami, W. and Sidek, M.M., 2017, September. Discriminant validity assessment: Use of Fornell & Larcker criterion versus HTMT criterion. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 890, No. 1, p. 012163). IOP Publishing.
