بررسی تاثیرکاربری کشاورزی بر میزان غلظت نیترات در منابع آب زیرزمینی با استفاده از مدلسازی ریاضی براساس معادلات رگرسیونی (مطالعه موردی: دشت ری)
محورهای موضوعی :
آلودگی های محیط زیست (آب، خاک و هوا)
پگاه محمدپور
1
,
رضا ارجمندی
2
,
امیرحسام حسنی
3
,
جمال قدوسی
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت محیطزیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیطزیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیارگروه مدیریت محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران. )مسئول مکاتبات)
3 - استاد گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.
4 - دانشیار، عضوهیئت علمی موسسه مدیریت خاک وآبخیزداری. تهران، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1401/07/07
تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/08/25
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/07/01
کلید واژه:
رگرسیون خطی,
غلظت نیترات,
کودشیمیایی,
کاربری کشاورزی,
ضریب همبستگی پیرسون,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: ارتباط تغیرات مساحت کاربری کشاورزی و میزان کود شیمیایی مصرفی با تغیرات غلظت نیترات منابع آب زیرزمینی یکی از روش های مستقیم تأثیرات کاربری کشاورزی بر وضعیت غلظت نیترات وآلودگی آب های زیرزمینی درهر منطقه ای است که می تواند مدیران را در مدیریت مناسب منابع آب زیرزمینی یاری نماید. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی رابطه تغیرات مساحت کاربری کشاورزی وکودشیمیایی مصرفی بر میزان افزایش غلظت نیترات درمنابع آب زیرزمینی در دشت ری می باشد.
روش بررسی: دراین مطالعه برای پایش تغییرات کاربری اراضی از تصاویر ماهواره ای لندست 5 و8 برای سال های 1387، 1390، 1393، 1396 و 1399 استفاده گردید. پس از پردازش تصاویر، مساحت اراضی کشاورزی مورد محاسبه قرارگرفت. با توجه به آمار بدست آمده ازمیزان کود شیمیایی مصرفی و نتایج کیفی آزمایشگاهی تغییرات غلظت نیترات، بررسی اثرات این عوامل برروی یکدیگر ویافتن روابط ریاضی بین متغیرها با روش همبستگی پیرسون ورگرسیون خطی موردآزمون قرارگرفت.
یافته ها: نتایج نشان می دهد که طی دوره مورد بررسی اراضی با کاربری کشاورزی افزایش و اراضی بایرکاهش یافته است. میزان مصرف کود شیمیایی نیز روند افزایشی داشته است. میزان غلظت نیترات منابع آب زیرزمینی بیانگر این مطلب است که طی دوره مورد بررسی، غلظت نیترات درچاه های آب زیرزمینی افزایش یافته است. تحلیل ضریب همبستگی نیز نشان داد که در سطح خطای یک درصد (سطح اطمینان 99 درصد) رابطه معنی داری بین میزان غلظت نیترات آب زیرزمینی با مساحت اراضی کاربری کشاورزی وحجم کودمصرفی وجود دارد. بدین معنی که هر چقدر مساحت کاربری کشاورزی ومیزان کودشیمیایی افزایش یابد میزان غلظت نیترات منابع آب زیرزمینی نیز افزایش می یابد. درمدل رگرسیونی ارائه شده مقدار مربع (R2) پذیرفته شده برابربا 993/0 است و بیانگر ارتباط نسبتاً قوی بین متغیر وابسته (میزان غلظت نیترات آب در منابع آب زیرزمینی) با متغیرهای مستقل (مساحت کاربری کشاورزی و میزان کود شیمیایی مصرفی) می باشد.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج حاکی از آن است که با افزایش وسعت اراضی کشاورزی میزان مصرف کودشیمیایی درمنطقه تحقیق افزایش یافته و به علت فرایندآبشویی نیترات ازسطح خاک، میزان غلظت نیترات در منابع آب زیرزمینی روند افزایشی داشته است، که این مساله یکی ازدلایل مهم افزایش غلظت نیترات در چاه های مطالعاتی می باشد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Relationship between agricultural use area and fertilizer consumed with changes in groundwater nitrate concentrations is one of the direct methods of agricultural use on nitrate concentration and groundwater inflammation in each region that can manage managers in proper management. Help ground water resources. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between changes in agricultural and chemical area of consumed on the increase in nitrate concentrations in groundwater sources in Ray plain.
Research method: In this study, Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images for the years 2008, 2011, 2014, 2017 and 2020 were used to monitor land use changes. After processing the images, the area of agricultural land was calculated. According to the statistics obtained from the amount of chemical fertilizer consumed and the qualitative laboratory results of nitrate concentration changes, the effects of these factors on each other and the mathematical relationships between the variables were tested with the Pearson correlation and linear regression method.
Findings: The results show that during the investigated period, agricultural land has increased and barren land has decreased. The consumption of chemical fertilizers has also increased. The level of nitrate concentration of underground water sources shows that during the period under review, the concentration of nitrate in underground water wells has increased. The analysis of the correlation coefficient also showed that at the error level of 1% (99% confidence level) there is a significant relationship between the concentration of nitrates in underground water with the area of agricultural land and the amount of fertilizer used. This means that as the area of agricultural use and the amount of chemical fertilizers increase, the concentration of nitrates in underground water resources also increases. In the presented regression model, the accepted square value (R2) is equal to 0.993 and it indicates a relatively strong relationship between the dependent variable (water nitrate concentration in underground water sources) and the independent variables (agricultural area and the amount of chemical fertilizer used).
Discussion and Conclusion: The results indicate that with the increase in the area of agricultural land, the consumption of chemical fertilizers has increased in the research area, and due to the nitrate leaching process from the soil surface, the nitrate concentration in underground water sources has increased, which is one of the important reasons for the increase in nitrate concentration in the study wells.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Jang Chi Kashani, S. Hekmat, M.2016. water resource management in sustainable sustainable agricultural development, first edition, Academic Publications, (In Persian .(
Mesbahzadeh, T., Soleimani Sardoo, F., 2019. Effects of land use change on agricultural water quality in Kerman Plain using remote sensing technique. Environmental Sciences Journal, vol.16 ,pp. 33-46
Feizizadeh, B., 2017., Modeling the Trends of the Land Use/Cover Change and Its Impacts on the Erosion System of the Allavian Dam Based on the Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques. Journal of Hydrogeomorphology, Vol. 11, pp. 21-38
Professor Askar Ali, K. Alvankar, R. 2014. Nitrate pollution in underground water, Konkash Publications, (In Persian.(
Seven brothers, Sh., Malkouti, M., Khoshgovarmanesh, A., 2017. Investigation of nitrate susceptibility in edible parts of some agricultural products of Isfahan province. Scientific Journal of Applied Soil Research, Vol. 6, pp. 1-12 (In Persian).
Berka, C., Schreier, H., Hall, K., 2001. Linking water quality with agricultural intensification in a rural watershed. Journal of Water, Air and Soil Pollution, Vol.127, pp. 389-401.
Faryabi, M., "Effect of agricultural activities on the nitrate concentration of underground water in Jiroft Plain" - First National Conference on Agriculture and Health, March 2019, Jiroft - Iran, (In Persian).
Boyroura, M., Nolan, B., Mencio, A., Maspla, J., 2013. Regression model for aquifer vulnerability assessment of nitrate pollution in the Osona region. Journal of NE Spain, Vol. 505, pp. 15-33.
Chicaolmo, M., Luqueespinar, J., Rodriguezgaliano, V., Pardoiguzquiza, E., Chicarivas, L., 2014. Categorical indicator kriging for assessing the risk of groundwater nitrate pollution: the case of Vega de Granada aquifer. Journal of SE Spain,Vol. 470, pp. 22-49
Shafieish, A., "Investigation of changes in groundwater pollution of Shushtraz Mianab Plain, the mineral nitrogen compounds of nitrate, nitrite, ammonia" Third National Congress of Development and Promotion of Agricultural Engineering and Soil Science of Iran, July 2016 ,Tehran, Iran, (In Persian).
Qadikalai, A., "Investigation of nitrate levels in underground water sources", First National Conference on Water Resources Strategies and Environmental Challenges, May 2017, Sari, Iran, (In Persian).
NasrabadiM, M., Atbati, A., Zulfiqari, Q., "Investigation of sources of nitrate contamination in groundwater", Fourth International Conference on Recent Innovations in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, July 2016, Tehran, Iran, (In Persian).
Bijay, S., Eric, C., 2021 .Fertilizers and nitrate pollution of surface and ground water an increasingly pervasive global problem. Review Paper, SN Applied Sciences, Vol. 518, pp. 42-59.
Abascal, L., Gomezcoma, I., Ortiz, A., 2022 .Global diagnosis of nitrate pollution in groundwater and review of removal technologies. Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 810, pp. 31-49.
Lu, D., Weng, Q., 2008 .A survey of image classification methods and techniques for improving classification performance, International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 28 ,pp. 23-40.
Raybad, A.2009 Step by step training spss 17, first edition: Taherian Publishing.
Rasouli, A., Jahanbakhsh, S., Ghasemi, A., 2014 .A Study of the Relationship between Important Parameters of Cloud and Daily Rainfall in Iran. Geographical Research Quarterly, Vol. 29, pp. 23-42.
Momeni, M., Faal Qayyumi, A.2012 Statistical Analysis Using SPSS , Chapter Six, Seventh Edition, Tehran: Ganj Shaygan Publications. (In Persian.(
Nourbakhsh, Z., Yousefi, H., 2017. Modeling the relationship between environmental variables and groundwater quality in the Tajan plain of Mazandaran province. Quarterly Journal of Hydrogeology, Vol. 2, pp. 68-83.
Rasouli, A., Jahanbakhsh, S., Ghasemi, A., 2014. A Study of the Relationship between Important Parameters of Cloud and Daily Rainfall in Iran. Geographical Research Quarterly, Vol. 29, 23-42.
Sharon, K., Shinichi, O., Takuya, I., Mitsuyo, S., Masayuki, T., Yusuke, T., Itaru, N., 2021. Nitrate Contamination in Groundwater: Evaluating the Effects of Demographic Aging and Depopulation in an Island with Intensive Citrus Cultivation. Journal of Water, Vol. 14, pp. 23-42.
Xinyue, K., Junjun, D., Yuzhong, L., Qiaozhen, L., Lili, M., Chunying, X., Qian, Z., Shan, Z., 2021. Tracing nitrate sources in the groundwater of an intensive agricultural region, Journal of Agricultural Water Management, Vol. 250, pp. 25-43.
Wenwen, F., Chao, W., Xiaohui, L., Hao, W., Xueliang, Z., 2022. Istribution of Nitrate Content in Groundwater and Evaluation of Potential Health Risks: A Case Study of Rural Areas in Northern China. Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 24, pp. 30-48.