شناسایی و طبقه بندی پسماندهای ویژه واحد الفین مجتمع پتروشیمی مارون براساس کنوانسیون بازل
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت محیط زیست
زهرا معاوی
1
,
فروزان فرخیان
2
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت محیط زیست، پردیس علوم تحقیقات خوزستان ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه محیط زیست، واحد اهواز ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/03/29
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/07/07
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/02/01
کلید واژه:
واحد الفین,
پتروشیمی مارون,
پسماند خطرناک,
روش Basel,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف : رشد سریع فناوری، دستیابی به فرایندهای جدید تولید، جایگزینی مواد مصنوعی به جای الیاف طبیعی و سنتز هزاران نوع مواد و ترکیبات شیمیایی، باعث افزایش حجم زیادی از پسماندهای صنعتی و در بعضی موارد، باعث تولید پسماندهای جامد و مایع خطرناک گردیده است. بر این اساس هدف از این پژوهش، شناسایی و طبقه بندی پسماندها و مواد شیمیایی مصرفی در واحد الفین شرکت پتروشیمی مارون بوده است.
روش بررسی: در این پژوهش پس مطالعات کتابخانه ای و بازدیدهای میدانی از واحد الفین، فرایند تولید، نقاط تولید پسماند، نوع و حجم پسماند تولیدی شناسایی شد و طبقه بندی پسماندها براساس روش کنوانسیون بازل انجام گردید.
یافته ها: بررسی ها حاکی از آن بود که براساس طبقه بندی بازل در واحد الفین 18 پسماند غیرخطرناک و 9 پسماند خطرناک که همگی در فاز جامد، مایع و نیمه جامد بوده اند، شناسایی گردیدند. بیش ترین پسماند غیر خطرناک متعلق به کک ضایعاتی با 60 تن و کمترین آن المنت های پارچه ای با 144/0 تن در سال، هم چنین بیشترین پسماند خطرناک متعلق به روغن سنگین با 144 تن و کمترین آن بنزین با 1 تن در سال بوده است.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: از 000/900/1 تن در سال مواد خام مصرفی جهت تولید محصول در واحد الفین 9/323 تن پسماند خطرناک تولید گردیده است. جهت ساماندهی وضعیت تولید پسماندهای خطرناک و غیرخطرناک صنعتی و به منظور دستیابی به شرایط بهینه پیشنهاد می گردد که عملکرد واحد الفین طبق شرایط طراحی شده کنترل گردد و جایگزینی کاتالیست ها و جاذب ها در واحد با انواع مرغوبتر با طول عمر مفید طولانی تر جهت کاهش تولید پسماندهای خطرناک صورت گیرد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Technology fast growth, attaining to production new processes, replacement artificial materials with natural fiber and thousands synthesis of materials kind and chemical compounds, lead to increasing much amount of industrial wastes and in some cases it has leaded to producing dangerous solid and liquid residue. Accordingly, the aim of this research is identification and classification of residues and consumer chemical identification and classification of residues and consumer chemical materials in Maroon Petrochemical Company Olefin Unit.
Material and Methodology: Method in this research includes library studies and field observations from Olefin Unit and finally residues classification was based on Basel Convention.
Findings: Studies showed that unit has 18 non-dangerous and 9 dangerous residues all those have identified on solid, semi solid, and liquid phase. The most non- dangerous residue belongs to wastage flea with 60 tons and the least was cloth element with 0.144 in year. Also, the most dangerous residue belongs to heavy oil with 144 tons and the least was petroleum with 1 ton in year.
Discussion and Conclusion: Therefore, by 1.900.000 tons in year of consumer raw materials for producing of product in Olefin Unit, there was 323.9 tons of dangerous residue production in year. It is suggested that the performance of the olefin unit should be controlled according to the designed conditions and the catalysts and absorbents in the unit should be replaced with better types with a longer useful life.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Qanawati Asl, A. Fakheri Raouf, F. Momeni, S. Management of process wastes in olefin Gas Cracker units, 8th National Conference and Specialized Exhibition of Environmental Engineering, 2016, Tehran. Iran (In Persian)
Ebrahimi Yeganeh, H. Fakheri Raouf, F. Monavari, S. M. Identification and classification of special wastes of olefin unit of Jam Petrochemical Complex based on RCRA and UNEP method, the first national conference on environmental protection and planning, 2012, Hamadan, Iran (In Persian)
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Mokhtarani, N., Alavi Moghadam, M., Mokhtarani, B., Rezaei, R., Naserian, S.Industrial solid waste management in Bandar Imam Petrochemical Complex. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2008; 9(1): 47-54. (In Persian)
Zakaria, A. A., Ahmadi, S., Amini, M. H.Investigating the environmental challenges of petrochemical industries.Green chemistry and sustainable technologies, 2020;2(2): 1-19 (In Persian)
Nassehinia H, Gholamy M, Godarzy M, Ataiy Nazari A. Survey of quantity and quality content of hazardous wastes and its management in Damghan industries in 1389. Iran Occupational Health, 2013; 10 (5):63-70. (In Persian)
Barsalou, O., Hennessy Picard, M. International Environmental Law in an Era of Globalized Waste, Chinese Journal of International Law, Volume 17, Issue 3, September 2018, Pages 887–906.
Amirian, P., Talebbeydokhty, N., Jafarzadeh, N., Nabizadeh, R. Feasibility of minimization of industrial waste in Bandar Imam Petrochemical Complex, Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2008; 9(2): 55-64. (In Persian)
Jami, O., Darbaneastane, A., Rezvani, M. Feasibility study on the Establishment of Waste Recycling Center in the Industrial Town (Case Study: Nasir Abad). Quarterly Journals of Urban and Regional Development Planning, 2017; 2(3): 167-203. (In Persian)
Jafarigol, F., Karbasi, A., Nasiri, P. Quantitative & Qualitative Study of Chemical Hazardous Waste in Refinery of Tehran with the Propose of Mitigation. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2014; 15(2): 55-77. (In Persian)
Jalili Ghazizade, M., Koulivand, H., Heidari, L. Petrochemical waste characterization and management at Pars Special Economic Energy Zone in the south of Iran, Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy (WM&R), 2020; 39(2): 23-38
Abbasi, M., Kamalan, H. R. Waste Management Planning in Amirkabir Petrochemical Complex. Environmental Energy and Economic Research, 2018; 2(1): 63-74.
Heidari, L., Jalili Ghazizade, M., Salemi, A. Industrial waste disposal alternatives in the process of aromatic compounds in petrochemical industry (case study: Nouri petrochemical complex, Asaluyeh, Iran. Pollution, 2018; 4(4): 663-673.
Abbasi, M., Kamalan, H. Quality and Quantity of Wastes Generated in Maroon Petrochemical Complex and Evacuating Recovery Potential. Journal of Hydrosciences and Environment, 2018; 2(3): 1-8.
Abbasnia, M., Zahirian, A., Zare, M., Shaban, M. Management and Classifying Wastes in Shiraz Oil Refinery Based on Basel Convention. Environment and Development, 2021; 11(22): 31-39. (In Persian)
Gribkova, D., Milshina, Y. Waste Management Policies and Practices in BRICS Nations, CRC Press, 1st Edition, 2021; 22
Basel Convention, Revised draft factsheets on specific waste streams. 2017.
Ahmadi, P., Jafarzade Haghighifard, N., Taghavi, L., Ahmadi Moghadam, M. Identification and comparative study of especial industrial wastes using UNEP method, RCRA method, and Iran’s written list: (A petrochemical complex in the western of Iran A case study). Human & Environment, 2014; 12(3): 45-57. (In Persian)
Qanawati Asl, A. Fakheri Raouf, F. Momeni, S. Management of process wastes in olefin Gas Cracker units, 8th National Conference and Specialized Exhibition of Environmental Engineering, 2016, Tehran. Iran (In Persian)
Ebrahimi Yeganeh, H. Fakheri Raouf, F. Monavari, S. M. Identification and classification of special wastes of olefin unit of Jam Petrochemical Complex based on RCRA and UNEP method, the first national conference on environmental protection and planning, 2012, Hamadan, Iran (In Persian)
SabzAlipour, S. Jafarzadeh, N. Monavari, M. Investigation of industrial waste management case study: Olefin units and gas liquid separation of Bandar Imam Petrochemical Complex, 5th National Waste Management Conference, 2010, Mashhad, Iran (In Persian)