بررسی اثر افزایش کارایی مصرف آب بر تغییر الگوی کشت با تاکید بر اهداف سیاستگذاران و زیست محیطی در استان فارس

محورهای موضوعی : اقتصاد محیط زیست

حمید محمدی ¹ , علی رضا سرگزی ² , ولی اله سارانی ³

1 - استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل (نویسنده مسئول)
2 - مربی گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل
3 - استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/06/11 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/12/11 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/10/01

کلید واژه: راندمان آبیاری, اهداف زیست‌محیطی, الگوی بهینه کشت, ریسک, استان فارس,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: کارایی پایین مصرف آب افزون بر هدر دادن منابع کمیاب آب موجب افزایش جریان آب و آلودگی های زیست محیطی نیز می شود. تحلیل اثر افزایش کارایی مصرف آب می تواند بعنوان ابزاری مطلوب به سیاستگذاران یاری رساند. در همین راستا این مطالعه با هدف تحلیل آثار افزایش راندمان آبیاری در میان بهره برداران استان فارس انجام شد. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه از رهیافت برنامه ریزی چندهدفه استفاده گردیده است. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که اثر افزایش راندمان آبیاری بر الگوی کشت و اهداف بهره برداران شامل بازده ناخالص و ریسک بازده ناخالص و همچنین اثر آن بر ملاحظات زیست محیطی شامل مصرف آب و کودشیمیایی بررسی شد. اشتغال نیز دیگر هدف مورد توجه بود. با توجه به چندبعدی بودن آثار تحت بررسی، از رهیافت برنامه ریزی چند هدفی استفاده شد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: تحلیل سناریوها نشان داد که افزایش راندمان آبیاری موجب افزایش بازده ناخالص و مصرف کودشیمیایی و تنوع در الگوی کشت می شود اما مساعدت چندانی به کاهش ریسک بازده ناخالص نمی کند. همچنین مشخص شد که افزایش راندمان در منطقه استان فارس موجب افزایش اشتغال نیز نخواهد شد. بطور کلی در افزایش راندمان اگر افزایش بازده ناخالص مورد توجه قرار گیرد بیش از سایر اهداف در جهت منافع جامعه خواهد بود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Low water use efficiency, in addition to wasting scarce water resources, also increases water flow and environmental pollution. Analyzing the effect of increasing water use efficiency can be a useful tool for policy makers. This study aimed to analyze the effects of increasing irrigation efficiency among farmers in Fars province. Method: In this study, multi-objective planning approach was used. Findings: Result showed that Impact of increased irrigation efficiency on cropping pattern and producer's objectives including gross margin and risk as well as its impact on environmental aspects including water and chemical fertilizer use was studied. Employment is also another objective. Regarding the multidimensional impacts, multi objective programming was applied. Discussion and Conclusion: Scenario analysis showed that increase in irrigation efficiency increases gross margin, chemical fertilizer use and diversity in cropping plan. However, it failed to incorporate in risk reduction. It was also found that increase in irrigation efficiency dose not increase employment. In general, the society will be benefited from improvement in irrigation efficiency if the increase of gross margin is considered as the main goal.

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