انتخاب مناسب‌ترین روش آموزش توسعه پایدار براساس الگوریتم ترکیبی دیمتل- تحلیل شبکه و تاپسیس با رویکرد فازی (مطالعه موردی مدارس فنی و حرفه‌ای‌)

محورهای موضوعی : توسعه پایدار

فاطمه قسامی ¹ , سید محمد شبیری ² , مریم لاریجانی ³ , شهریار فرهمند راد ⁴

1 - دکتری آموزش محیط زیست ، دانشگاه پیام نور، گروه علمی آموزش محیط زیست، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - استاد دانشگاه پیام نور، گروه آموزش محیط زیست، تهران، ایران.
3 - استادیار، گروه علمی آموزش محیط زیست، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
4 - استادیار، گروه علمی ریاضی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/04/15 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/09/03 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/04/01

کلید واژه: آموزش توسعه‌پایدار, مدارس فنی و حرفه‌ای‌, دیمتل, تحلیل شبکه, تاپسیس,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: توسعه سه بخش صنعت،کشاورزی و خدمات، نیازمند تربیت نیروی انسانی کارآمد در زمینه‌های فنی و حرفه‌ای است و از طرفی کیفیتمحیط‌زیستدرنتیجهفعالیتانسان در‌این سه بخشتقلیلپیداکردهومقابلهباتخریب محیط‌زیستتنهابااعمالسیاست‌های آموزش توسعه پایدار تحققمی‌یابد. روش بررسی: تحقیق حاضر از نوع کاربردی و با هدف انتخاب مناسب‌ترین روش آموزش توسعه پایدار انجام گرفته است. به این منظور در ابتدا به وسیله مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای، معیارهای شایستگی[1] توسعه پایدار دانش آموختگان فنی و حرفه‌ای‌ شناسایی و براساس آن سه نوع پرسش‌نامه متفاوت تدوین شد سپس با توجه به میزان تأثیرگذاری و تأثیرپذیری معیارها از یکدیگر در دنیای واقعی، تکنیک دیمتل[2] برای شناسایی این روابط مورد استفاده قرار گرفت و نتایج آن در تشکیل ساختار شبکه در مدل تحلیل شبکه[3] برای وزن دهی به معیارها، بکار گرفته شد. در‌نهایت از اوزان بدست آمده برای رتبه بندی روش‌های آموزش توسعه‌پایدار براساس روش تاپسیس[4] استفاده شد. به علت ‌این‌که تکنیک‌های فوق قادر به رفع ابهام از ارزیابی‌های کلامی ‌صورت گرفته توسط تصمیم گیرندگان نیستند در همه‌این روش‌ها اعداد فازی مثلثی بکار برده شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که مهارت یادگیری خود راهبر و تسلط بر دانش محیط‌زیست مرتبط با یک رشته خاص فنی و حرفه‌ای مهم‌ترین زیرمعیار شایستگی توسعه پایدار و بحث گروهی مناسب‌ترین روش آموزش توسعه‌پایدار است. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نقش مهمی ‌که معیار‌های شایستگی توسعه پایدار در انتخاب درست روش آموزش توسعه‌پایدار و در نتیجه تقویت رفتار و نگرش محیط‌زیستی افراد دارند، لازم است در انتخاب آن‌ها به تمامی‌ابعاد دانش، مهارت، نگرش و رشد و بالندگی توجه شود. [1]- Competency [2]- Decision Making Trial and Evaluation) DEMATEL( [3]- Analytic Network Process(ANP) [4]- Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Development of industry, agriculture and services, requires training of efficient workforce in technical and vocational fields. Knowing that human activity in these three sectors decreases the environmental quality, dealing with environmental degradation can be achieved by implementing long-term sustainable development education policies. Method: The present study is an applied research and aims to choose the best method for sustainable development education. For this purpose, first, the sustainable development competency criteria for technical and vocational graduates were identified by library studies and three different questionnaires were designed based on them. Then, DEMATEL Technique was used to identify the mutual interactions among the criteria. The obtained results were used for designing a network structure on the fuzzy ANP technique to assign weight to each criterion. Finally, the obtained weights were used to rank and select the best method for sustainable development education based on the TOPSIS technique. Since these techniques cannot resolve the ambiguity and uncertainty of verbal evaluations, the fuzzy triangular numbers were used in all the above-mentioned techniques. Findings: The results obtained in this study indicate that self-learning skills and proficiency in the environmental knowledge related to a particular technical and vocational field is the most important sub-criteria of sustainable development competence. Furthermore, group discussions were found to be the most appropriate teaching method for sustainable development education. Discussion and Conclusion: Due to the importance of sustainable development competence criteria in choosing the right method for sustainable development education, it is necessary to consider all aspects of knowledge, skills, attitude, development and growth, in order to strengthen the environmental attitude and behavior.

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