بررسی تغییرات فصلی میزان کلروفیلa در آب مخازن چاهنیمه های سیستان
محورهای موضوعی :
منابع طبیعی
نرجس اکاتی
1
,
فاطمه عین الهی
2
,
مصطفی غفاری
3
1 - استادیار، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه زابل، ایران * (مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - استادیار، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران
3 - استادیار، گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1390/11/20
تاریخ پذیرش : 1391/07/02
تاریخ انتشار : 1398/01/01
کلید واژه:
کلروفیلa,
اولیگوتروف,
چاهنیمه,
سیستان,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده زمینه و هدف: کلروفیلa رنگدانه اصلی فرآیند فتوسنتزی در بوم سازگان های آبی است. با اندازه گیری کلروفیلa نه تنها می توان زیست توده آن را تخمین زد، بلکه یک شاخص واقعی قابل رویت برای حالت تروفیک آن بوم سازگان آبی به شمار می رود. هدف از انجام این تحقیق بررسی تغییرات فصلی غلظت کلروفیلa، در آب چاه نیمه های سیستان می باشد.روش بررسی: طی چهار فصل نمونه ها از بهار تا زمستان 1389 از مخازن آبی چاه نیمه برداشت شدند. هدایت الکتریکی و pH نمونه ها در زمان نمونه برداری و در محل اندازه گیری شد. برای اندازه گیری میزان کلروفیل a، نمونه ها عصاره گیری شده و با استفاده از دستگاه اسپکتروفتومتر مدلUnico 2100/ visible/ Uv visible میزان جذب عصاره در طول موج های مختلف با روش استانداردASTM 8012 سنجش شده، سپس با استفاده از معادله استاندارد، غلظت کلروفیلa محاسبه گردید.یافته ها: محدوده میانگین pH در ایستگاه های مورد مطالعه بین 87/8-72/8 و میانگین هدایت الکتریکی بدست آمده بین 579-540 میکروزیمنس بر سانتی متر بود. بیش ترین میانگین فصلیکلروفیلa در فصل تابستان و در چاه نیمه3 (32/0 ±17/2 میکروگرم بر لیتر) و کم ترین میانگین کلروفیلa در فصل زمستان و در چاه نیمه های 1 و 2 (28/0 ±82/0 میکروگرم بر لیتر) بدست آمد. نتایج آزمون ANOVA نشان داد که تفاوت معنی دار آماری در میزان میانگین غلظت کلروفیلa در فصول بهار و تابستان با فصول زمستان و پاییز وجود دارد(05/0>.(pنتیجه گیری: با توجه به میزان بدست آمده از کلروفیلa در این تحقیق و مقایسه آن با استاندارد آژانس حفاظت محیط زیست آمریکا، می توان نتیجه گرفت که مخازن چاه نیمه در گروه دریاچه هایتغذیه گرا قرار ندارد و جزو مخازن اولیگوتروف می باشند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Abstract Background and Objective: Chlorophyll a is the main pigment of photosynthesis in water ecosystems. Measuring Chlorophyll a can indicate its biomass which is the real visible indicator for trophic level in water ecosystems. The objective of this study was to study the seasonal changes in chlorophyll a concentration in the water of Chahnimeh reservoirs in Sistan. Method: The samples were collected from water of Chahnimeh reservoirs during four seasons, from March to October 2010. EC and pH of the samples were measured at the time of collecting the samples. In order to measure chlorophyll a, the samples were extracted and the absorption rate of the extract in different wavelengths was measured by a spectrophotometer model Unico 2100/visible/Uv visible according to standard method ASTM 8012. Then, concentration of chlorophyll a was calculated using the standard equation. Findings: The range of mean pH and EC were obtained as 8.72-8.87 and 540-579 (μs/cm) respectively in the studied stations. The highest seasonal mean of chlorophyll a was obtained in summer in Chahnimeh 3 (2.17± 0.32 μg/L) and the lowest seasonal means of chlorophyll a were obtained in winter n in Chahnimeh 1 and 2 (0.82± 0.28 μg/L). The results of ANOVA test showed the statistical differences between the mean of chlorophyll a concentration in spring and summer seasons and the mean of chlorophyll a concentrations in winter and autumn (p<0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: According to the Chlorophyll a concentration obtained and its comparison with EPA standard, it can be concluded that Chahnimeh reservoirs can not be classified in eutrophic lake groups of and they are oligotrophic reservoirs.
منابع و مأخذ:
Reference
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Masoudi, s., Tajrishi, M., Mosavi, R., Abrishamchi, A. (2005). Detection and measurement of flavor and odor composition in water reservoirs. First National Civil Engineering Congress, Sharif University of Technology. (In Persian)
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16. King, L., Jones, R.I., and Barker, P. (2002). Seasonal variation in the epilithic algal communities from four lake of different trophic state.Arc. Hydrobiol. 154(2): 177- 198.
18. Lewandowska, A.M. (2011). Effect of warming on the phytoplankton succession and trophic interactions. Dissertation in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree " Dr. rer. Net." Of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science at Kiel University. p 19.
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Reference
Deputy Director General for Strategic Planning and Control, Office of the Technical Executive. 2010. Water quality monitoring repository for reservoirs behind dams, A number: 330. (In Persian)
Ward, T., Butler, E., and Hill, B. (1998). Environmental indicators for national state of the environment reporting – Estuaries and the sea. Australia: State of the Environment (Environmental Indicator Reports). 81 pp. Department of the Environment; Canberra. Website: http://www.environment.gov.au/soe/publications/indicators/pubs/estuaries.pdf
Steel, J.H. (1962). Environmental control of photosynthesis in the sea. Limnology and Oceanography, 7:137–150.
Cullen, J.J. (1982). The deep chlorophyll maximum Comparing vertical profiles of chlorophyll a. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science; 39: 791–803.
Vanselow, K.H. (1998). In Vivo - Algen als Biosensoren. In: Biotechnologie - Verlagsbeilage zur Frankfurter Allgemeinen Zeitung vom 13.10. Nr. 237, S. B5.
Shapoori, M., Javanshir, A. (2009). The study of Chlorophyll a ana biomass in mouth of Tajan River. Journal of Marin Biology, 1(3):78-88. (In Persian)
Al-Hashmi, K.A.., Claereboudt, M.R., Al-Azri, A.R., Piontovki, S.A.(2010). Seasonal changes of chlorophyll a and environmental characteristics in the Sea of Oman. Ihe open oceanography journal, 4: 107-114.
Gharehmohammadloo, M., Tahmasbi, A., Mohammadi, M. (2008). Investigating of the chemical quality of water in the Chahnimeh in Zabol with emphasis on natural factors. Third Conference on Water Resources Management. (In Persian)
ASTM. (1998). D 4132. Practice for Sampling Phytoplankton with Conical Tow Nets. Conshohocken USA.
American Public Health Association (APHA). (1989). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater٬ 17th edn., American Public Health Association. Washington DC. 5–10.
Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran, (2010). Drinking Water Physical and Chemical Properties, Revision 5. (In Persian)
Environmental Protection Agency. (1996). EPA-670/4-73-001. p. 14.
Esmaili Sari, A. (2003).Pollutants, Health and Environmental Standards. Tehran Mehr Publication. 769. (In Persian)
WHO (world health organization). (1998). Guide lines for drinking water quality. 2 nd . ED. Vol 1.
Rantajarvi, E., Gran, V., Hallfors, S., Olsonen, R. (1998). Effects of environmental factors on the phytoplankton community in the Gulf of Finland-unattended high frequency measurements and multivariate analysis. Hydrobiology. 363: 127-139.
Tsuchiya, Y., and Matsumoto, A. (1988). Identification of volatile metabolites produced by Blue-Green algae, Journal of Water Science and Technology, 20: 149-155.
Wetzel, G.R. (2001). Limnology: Lake and river ecosystem, third edition.
Erfanmanesh, M., Afyuni, M. (2003). Environmental pollution water, soil and air. Arkan publisher. 330. (In Persian)
Masoudi, s., Tajrishi, M., Mosavi, R., Abrishamchi, A. (2005). Detection and measurement of flavor and odor composition in water reservoirs. First National Civil Engineering Congress, Sharif University of Technology. (In Persian)
OECD. (1982). Eutrophication of waters; monitoring، assessment and control. OECD Paris، Tech. Report F 52/11.50: 153.
14. Iqbal, S.A., Haque, E., Iqbal, M.D. (2005). Water Quality Assessment of Surma River in Sylhet City .Journal of Chemical EngineeringVol.Ch E 23.
16. King, L., Jones, R.I., and Barker, P. (2002). Seasonal variation in the epilithic algal communities from four lake of different trophic state.Arc. Hydrobiol. 154(2): 177- 198.
18. Lewandowska, A.M. (2011). Effect of warming on the phytoplankton succession and trophic interactions. Dissertation in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree " Dr. rer. Net." Of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science at Kiel University. p 19.
