ارزیابی تمایل جذب فلزات نیکل و کادمیم توسط توده زیستی حاصل از لجن فاضلاب در مقایسه با دیگر جاذب ها
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت محیط زیسترضا فولادی فرد 1 , علی اکبر عظیمی 2
1 - مرکز تحقیقات آلاینده های محیطی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم، قم، ایران – دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران *(مسئول مکاتبات)
2 - استادیار گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران- دانشکده محیط زیست، تهران ، ایران
کلید واژه: جذب بیولوژیکی, نیکل, کادمیم, ایزوترم جذب, زیست توده,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: فلزات سنگین از آلاینده های مهم محیط زیست بوده و به علت ویژگی سمیّت و تجمع پذیری از لحاظ بهداشتی بسیار مورد توجه قراردارند. امروزه استفاده از جاذب های بیولوژیک جهت تصفیه این مواد به علت اقتصادی بودن و سازگاری با محیط زیست، بسیار مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. هدف این تحقیق سنجش میزان جذب دو فلز سنگین نیکل و کادمیم توسط توده زیستی حاصل از لجن فاضلاب (بایوسالید) و مقایسه نتایج با دیگر تحقیقات مشابه جهت بررسی تمابل جذب آن ها می باشد. روش کار: پودر بایوسالید با استفاده از لجن دفعی فاضلاب شهری در طی مراحل خشک سازی، خرد سازی و دانه بندی تهیه گردید. محلول های 25/0 و 75/0 میلی مولار فلزات نیکل و کادمیم با 5/0، 1، 2 و 4 گرم از این بیوسالید در pH چهار و میزان اختلاط 200 دور بر دقیقه و دمای 26-24 درجه سلسیوس به مدت دو ساعت (در مطالعات سینتیک در زمان های متوالی5 تا 420 دقیقه) مورد تماس واقع شده و نمونه های حاصل توسط دستگاه جذب اتمی اسپکتروفتومتری جهت مطالعات سینتیک و مدل سازی ایزوترم جذب و مقایسه با دیگر مطالعات مورد آنالیز قرارگرفت. یافته ها : نتایج نشان می دهد که زمان تعادل جذب فلزات در حدود دو ساعت بوده و افزایش pH تا چهار باعث افزایش چشمگیر میزان جذب می شود. جذب هر دو فلز از مدل لانگمویر تبعیت کرده و میزان حداکثر ظرفیت جذب(qmax) کادمیم و نیکل توسط بیوسالید به ترتیب 37/0 و 195/0 میلیمول بر گرم بیوسالید خشک تحت مدل لانگمویر میباشد. نتیجه گیری: تمایل جذب بیوسالید برای کادمیم همچون دیگر مطالعات انجام شده در حوزه جذب بیولوژیکی بیش تر از نیکل برآورد گردید. به صورت کلی می توان تمایل جذب جلبک ها و قارچ ها را در جذب فلزات بیش از لجن ها و باکتری ها دانست که این موضوع بیش تر ناشی از خصوصیات دیواره سلولی آن ها می باشد.
Heavy metals pollution is very important in Environment. Toxicity and accumulation characteristics ofthese metals are more noticeable for health aspects. Today, using bio-sorbent is more noticeablebecause these ways are ecofriendly and economic. In this survey, in addition to achieving Ni and Cdbio-sorption by bio-solid , the results of other relative surveys used for comparing the results andbio-sorption affinity discussion.Bio-solid powder produced from municipal excess sludge by drying, grinding and grainsizing. Ni andCd solutions in 0.25 and 0.75 mille molar have been contacted which 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 grams of biosolidin pH 4, 200 rpm stirring, 24-260C temperature and two hours (continuous 5-420 min in kineticstudy) time and samples have been analyzed with atomic absorption spectrophotometer to kinetic andisotherm modeling study and comparing the results.The maximum equilibrium adsorption of metals observed at two hours contact time and increasing ofpH up to 4 increased the adsorption rate. The equilibrium data of both metals could be fitted byLangmuir isotherm equation and the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) for cadmium and nickel are0.38 and 0.195 mmol/gr dry bio-solid, respectively.The same as other biomasses studied for bio-sorption of heavy metals bio-sorption affinity of bio-solidfor Cd is more than Ni. Generally, the bio-sorption affinity of algae and fungi for heavy metalsbio-sorption is more than sludge and bacteria that is the result of cellular wall characteristics
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