ارتباط بین غلظت سرب خون بااسترس و فرسودگی شغلی کارکنان یک کارخانه باتریسازی در تهران
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت محیط زیست، بهداشت و ایمنی
حمیدرضا علی نژاد
1
(
کارشناس ارشد مدیریت محیط زیست (HSE) دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، ایران.
)
شهناز طباطبایی
2
(
دانشیار دانشکده سلامت، ایمنی و محیط زیست دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.*( مسوول مکاتبات)
)
تورج دانا
3
(
استادیار دانشکده محیط زیست و انرژی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، ایران
)
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/05/20
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/10/22
تاریخ انتشار : 1398/02/01
کلید واژه:
سرب خون,
استرس شغلی,
فرسودگی شغلی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی ارتباط بین میزان غلظت سرب خون با استرس و فرسودگی شغلی کارکنان یک کارخانه باتری سازی در تهران (1394) بود.هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی ارتباط بین میزان غلظت سرب خون با استرس و فرسودگی شغلی کارکنان یک کارخانه باتری سازی در تهران (1394) بود. روش بررسی: این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی تحلیلی بود که از لحاظ اجرا جزو مطالعات اندازه گیری میدانی و نمونه برداری آزمایشگاهی قرار می گیرد. نمونه متشکل از 100 آزمودنی مرد که به روش نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند و در گستره سنی 20الی 65 سال قرار داشتند،جهت بررسی میزان استرس شغلی و ابعاد فرسودگی شغلی از آزمون های استرس شغلی دیویس و همکاران و فرسودگی شغلی مسلچ و همچنین جهت اندازه گیری میزان غلظت سرب خون از دستگاه طیف سنج جذب اتمی استفاده گردید. یافته ها: نتایج به دست آمده از آزمون همبستگی پیرسون نشان داد که بین میزان غلظت سرب خون با مسخ شخصیت رابطه مثبت معنی دار در سطح(01/0P<)و با عملکرد شخصی رابطه منفی معنی داری در سطح (05/0P<) وجود دارد. همچنین بین استرس شغلی و ابعاد فرسودگی شغلی رابطه معنی دار در سطح (01/0P<) بدست آمد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: در محیط‌های کاری که کارکنان در معرض سرب قرار می گیرند، میزان استرس شغلی نیز در سطح بالایی قرار دارد. در صورت عدم کنترل و مدیریت صحیح، آلودگی در مدت زمانی نه چندان طولانی می‌تواند منجر به فرسودگی شغلی (با تاکید بر کاهش عملکرد شخصی و مسخ شخصیت) گردد. لذا پیشنهاد می‌گردد با انجام کنترل های مدیریتی، فنی و مهندسی جهت کاهش میزان آلودگی گرد و غبار و فیوم های سرب داخل کارگاهی اقدام شود. همچنین، برنامه های مداخلاتی جهت کاهش استرس شغلی و به منظور پیشگیری از بروز فرسودگی شغلی کارکنان اندیشیده شود و اقدامات بهداشت حرفه ای در جهت پایش مقادیر آلاینده در خون به صورت ادواری انجام پذیرد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Abstract Background and Objective: The main goal of this research was “The Relationship between Personnel’s Blood Lead Concentration Parameter, Job Stress and Job-Burnout Parameters in Staff of a Battery Manufacturing Company”. Method: It was a descriptive and cross sectional investigation. The sample group (with age range 20-65) included 100 out of 200 staff who worked in the productive lines of company. They were selected randomly. Job Stress (Davies, 1991) and Maslach Job-Burnout (1981) questionnaires were used as tools. Also the lead concentration of whole blood was determined by using atomic absorption spectrometer. Findings: The results of Pearson correlation test showed that there are significant relationship between blood lead concentration with depersonalization and low performance of staff (P<0.01, P<0.05). There are significant relationship between stress related to jobs and job-burnout dimensions (P<0.01). The results revealed that blood lead and job stress can predict depersonalization and weak performance of staff. Discussion and Conclusion: Many workers are in the exposure of chemical hazards like lead concentration simultaneously they are suffering from job stress and different types of pressures because of hard conditions of job in a battery manufacturing companies. These difficult conditions can lead them towards job-burnout (depersonalization and weak performance) too. It was recommended to the managers and engineers to control dust and fumes of lead pollution with respect to occupational health and safety in the workplaces. The management plans should be targeted the job related stress management and prevention of job burnout as well.
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Aghili Nejad Mashalah, Attarchi Mirsaed,Golabadi Majid, & Chehreghosha Haleh. Comparison of occupational stress level of female nurses in different hospitals in different hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences in fall 2009. (In Persian)
Babanejad Mehran, Mohammadi Yeganeh Samira, Rajabi Abdol-Halim, Del Pisheh Ali, & Sayeh Miri Koroush. Relationship between Physical Activity and Food Habits and Stress Control in Health Students. (In Persian)
International labor organization 2016 (on line)from:http//:www.ilo.org.
Sauter, S. L., Murphy, L. R., & Hurrell, J. J. (1990). Prevention of work-related psychological disorders: A national trategyproposed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). American Psychologist,45(10), 1146.
Tabatabaei, S., Hosseinian, S., & Gharanjiki, B. (2011). General health, stress associated to the work and job satisfaction of Hormozgan Cement Factory employees in Iran. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 1897-1901.
Plaisier, I., de Bruijn, J. G., de Graaf, R., ten Have, M., Beekman, A. T., & Penninx, B. W. (2007). The contribution of working conditions and social support to the onset of depressive and anxiety disorders among male and female employees. Social science & medicine, 64(2), 401-410.
Alavi s S., Jannati Fard.F, Marasi M., & Rezapur H. (2001). Psychometric properties of GPIUS internet addiction inventory in student users of Isfahan universities in 2009. (In Persian)
Mehrabi, Mirzaei, Fathi Ashtiani, & Karaminia. (2015). The role of personality traits in the life style of the military. Military Psychology, 6 (21). (In Persian)
Typhin, J., and Mack Cormick, A. J. Industrial psychology. (Translation by Mohammad Hossein Sarvari). Fifth edition, Besat publishing house: Tehran, 2005. (In Persian)
Schwartz, B. S., Stewart, W. F., Bolla, K. I., Simon, D., Bandeen-Roche, K., Gordon, B., ... & Todd, A. C. (2000). Past adult lead exposure is associated with longitudinal decline in cognitive function. Neurology, 55(8), 1144-1150.
Chiodo, L. M., Jacobson, S. W., & Jacobson, J. L. (2004). Neuro developmental effects of postnatal lead exposure at very low levels. Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 26(3), 359-371.
El Karim, M. A. A., Osman, Y., & El Haimi, Y. A. (1986). Byssinosis: environmental and respiratory symptoms among textile workers in Sudan. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 57(2), 101-108.
Hänninen, H., Aitio, A., Kovala, T., Luukkonen, R., Matikainen, E., Mannelin, T. & Riihimäki, V. (1998). Occupational exposure to lead and neuropsychological dysfunction. Occupational and Environmental Medicine,55(3), 202-209.
Lazarus, R. S. (1990). Theory-based stress measurement. Psychological Inquiry, 1(1), 3-13.
Saatchi, Mahmoud, Mental Health in the Workplace (With Emphasis on Stress and Burnout), Edition 2008. (In Persian)
Dadsetn Prirokh, Pediatric-Adolescent Developmental Psychology, Tehran, Iran. 1999. (In Persian)
Belkić, K., & Savić, Č. (2013). Job stressors and mental health: a proactive clinical perspective. World Scientific.
Fonds, M. S. (2013). ARCHIVAL SOURCES. The Age of Stress: Science and the Search for Stability, 271.
Maslach, C., Jackson, S. E., & Leiter, M. P. (1986). Maslach Burnout Inventory. Palo Alto.
Ahmadi, A., Iranian, J., Parsa Nejad, M. The relationship between organizational creativity and job satisfaction with job stress among employees of Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization of Fars province (2011), No. 8. (In Persian)
Keith, D., & Newstrom, J. W. (1981). Human behavior at work: Organizational Behavior.
Taylor, C., Harrison, J., Haimovitz, K., Oberle, E., Thomson, K., Schonert-Reichl, K., & Roeser, R. W. (2016). Examining ways that a mindfulness-based intervention reduces stress in public school teachers: A mixed-methods study. Mindfulness, 7(1), 115-129.
Tziner, A., Rabenu, E., Radomski, R., & Belkin, A. (2015). Estrés laboral e intención de abandono en médicos hospitalarios: el papel mediador del agotamiento y la satisfacción laboral. Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones, 31(3), 207-213
Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2(2), 99-113
Jeirani Moghadam, Ayat, Evaluation of burnout and its relation with the general health of offshore satellite staff, Master's thesis, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, 2013. (In Persian)
