برنامه ریزی راهبردی توسعه اکوتوریسم بر اساس ظرفیت ها و چالش ها (نمونه موردی: شهرستان مهاباد)
محورهای موضوعی :
اقتصاد محیط زیست
مصطفی میرآبادی
1
(
دکترای جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
)
افشین برجسته
2
(
کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
)
علی حسین عبدی قلعه
3
(
کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مرند، مرند، ایران.
)
تاریخ دریافت : 1402/06/12
تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/07/25
تاریخ انتشار : 1402/09/01
کلید واژه:
شهرستان مهاباد,
اکوتوریسم,
مدل SWOT,
توسعه,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: امروزه گردشگری یکی از بزرگترین بخش‌های اقتصادی در بسیاری از کشورها به شمار می رود. توسعه صنعت گردشگری، به‌ویژه برای کشورهای در حال توسعه که معضلاتی همچون میزان بیکاری بالا، محدودیت منابع ارزی و اقتصاد تک محصولی مواجه هستند، از اهمیت فراوانی برخوردار است. بر این اساس اهداف مدنظر این پژوهش از یک سو، شناسایی اولویت جاذبه‌های گردشگری، میزان رضایت گردشگران، وضعیت زیر ساخت‌ها، تسهیلات و خدمات گردشگری شهرستان و سنجش میزان تاثیر جاذبه‌های طبیعی در توسعه شهرستان می باشد و از سوی دیگر تعیین راهبردهای مناسب توسعه گردشگری بر اساس نقاط قوت، نقاط ضعف، تهدیدها و فرصت‌های شناسایی شده در مدلSWOT است.
روش بررسی: روش تحقیق این پژوهش براساس هدف، کاربردی و براساس ماهیت و روش، توصیفی _ تحلیلی می‌باشد. در همین راستا جهت دستیابی به اهداف تحقیق به کمک مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی و سپس با استفاده از پرسشنامه و نظرسنجی از گردشگران و کارشناسان اطلاعات لازمه جمع‌آوری شده و سپس در محیط نرم‌افزارهای SPSS و Excel تحلیل‌های آماری مورد نیاز بر روی داده‌های به دست آمده صورت گرفته است.
یافته ها: مجموع امتیازات قوت‌ها و ضعف‌ها، 3/2 و مجموع امتیازات فرصت‌ها و تهدیدها 46/2 به دست آمد، لذا یافته‌های پژوهش بر اساس مطالعات انجام شده در شهرستان مهاباد نشان می‌دهد که در ماتریس ارزیابی عوامل داخلی و خارجی نقاط ضعف بر نقاط قوت و تهدیدها بر فرصت غلبه دارند.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: برای دستیابی به توسعه گردشگری در شهرستان مهاباد، نیاز به برنامه ریزی جامع برای حد اکثر استفاده از نقاط قوت، تقویت فرصت‌ها، مقابله با تهدیدات به خوبی احساس می شود. فلذا در پژوهش حاضر سعی شده است در این راستا گام نهاده تا در نهایت ماتریس راهبردها و راهکارهای توسعه گردشگری شهرستان مهاباد تهیه شود.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Today, tourism is considered to be one of the largest economic sectors in many countries. The development of the tourism industry, particularly for developing countries which face problems such as high unemployment, limited foreign exchange resources and single-product economy, is of a great importance. According to this the goals of this research is on one hand to identify priorities of tourism attractions, tourist satisfaction, infrastructures, facilities and services of the County, measuring the effects of natural attractions in the development of the County, and on the other hand is to identify tourism development strategies based on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats applied in SWOT model.
Material and Methodology The methodology of this study based on the goal is to be functional and the method is descriptive-analytical. With that in mind, in Order to achieve the objectives of the research with the aim of library and field studies, then using a questionnaire and a survey the tourists and experts, necessary information is collected and then in SPSS and Excel Software, Statistical analysis was performed on data.
Findings: The total score of strengths and weaknesses was 2.3 and the total score of opportunities and threats was 2.46, so the findings, based on studies in the County of Mahabad show that based on the matrix of internal and external influential factors, the weaknesses overcome the strengths and threats overcome the opportunities.
Discussion and Conclusion: For the development of tourism in the County of Mahabad, we believe there is a strong need for comprehensive planning of maximum use of the strengths, enhance opportunities and dealing with threats. Therefore, in this study we have taken a step forward in this direction so that ultimately the matrix of the solutions and strategies of development of Mahabad’s tourism are prepared.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Khodaverdizadeh, M., Raheli, H., Kavousi Kalashami, M., Rezazadeh, A., Khrrami, S. 2010. Estimation of Recreational Value of Iranian Village of Oshtbin Using Two Stage Heckman Method. Journal of Village and Development, 13(1), 111-130. doi: 10.30490/rvt.2018.59212.
Masoumi, M. 2006. The Nature of Tourism, Peik Gotsar Publications, Tehran.
Alizade Azar, K., Ahmad Tozeh, V., Aziziyan, S. 2015. An Investigation on the barriers to the development of Mahabad tourism industry. Journal of urban tourism, 2(3), 233-252. doi: 10.22059/jut.2015.58446.
Lia, M., Wu, b., Cai, L. 2008. Tourism development of World Heritage Sites in China: A geographic perspective, Journal of Tourism Management 29: 308-319.
Edwards, D., Griffin, T., Hayllar, B. 2008. Urban Tourism Developing an Agenda, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 35, No. 4: 1032-1052.
Abu Al Haija, A. 2010. Jordan: Tourism and conflict with local communities, Habitat International, Vol. 35: 93-100.
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Entezari, M., & Aghaeipoor, Y. 2014. Evaluation ecotourism and geotourism potential of tourism Bisetoon by SWOT method. Journal of Research and Urban Planning, 5(16), 75-88.
Panahi, H., Zaineli, B, Shahi, D. 2016. Evaluation of ecotourism development in Talash city using SWOT method. Geographical Journal of Tourism Space, 4(13), 123-140.
Jahanian, M; Zendi, A. 2011. Ecotourism, first edition. Publications of Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR).
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Fennell, D. A. 2003. Ecotourism, 2 nd Edition, Routledge: London.
Tavalai, S. 2013. A review of the tourism industry. Second edition, Tarbiat Moalem University Publications, Tehran.
Saraghi, I. 2008. investigation and analysis of the role of ecotourism attractions in sustainable regional development (case study of ecotourism attractions in Hamedan province), master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Tabriz University.
Iran Statistics Center. 2016. Detailed report of the general population and housing census.
Mirabadi, M., Besharatifar, S. 2023. Assessing and analyzing the vulnerability of urban fabrics from the perspective of passive defense with emphasis on distribution pattern of vital land uses (Case Study: Mahabad City). Journal of Studies of Human Settlements Planning, 18(1), 139-154.
Mohammadi Dehcheshme, M., Zangi Abadi, A. 2008. The Feasibility of Ecotourism Potential of CharMahal and Baktiari Province, by using the SWOT method. Journal of Environmental Studies, 34(47).
Sarafi, M., Tavaklinia, G., Ostadi, M. 2009. City development strategy based on sustainable development (Case study: Shabestar city). Journal of Geography, 7(22), 65-82.
Hunger, J. D; Wheelen, T. 2002, Fundamentals of Strategic Management. Translated by Seyyed Mohammad Arabi and Davoud Izadi, first edition, Tehran, Cultural Research Office Publications.
Nouhegar, a., Hosseinizadeh, M, Pirasteh, A. 2009. Assessment of Qeshm island ecotonrism capabilities with use of SWOT management strategy model. Journal of Geography and development, 7(15), 151-172.
Ahmadi, M., Khoshraftar, R. 2011. Evaluation of Geotourism Capabilities of Katalekhor Cave in Zanjan Using SWOT Technique. Journal of Geographic Thought, 5(9), 1-33.
Doorzadeh mehr, A., Rahimi, A., Shahbeeiki, M. 2020. Explaining Urban Tourism Development Strategies with Emphasis on Integrated Management (Case Study: Chabahar City). Journal of Geography, Urban and Regional Studies, 9(33), 37-52.
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Sharpley, RJ. 2002, Rural tourism, translated by Hossein Rahimi. Political-Economic Information Journal, No. 156-155.
Besharatifar, S., mirabadi, M. 2023. Measuring and Analyzing the Impacts of Tourism Growth on Spatial Development of Yasouj City. Journal of Research and Urban Planning, 14(52), 241-258. doi: 10.30495/jupm.2021.23640.3380.
Hajarian, A. 2021. Investigating the challenges and obstacles of rangeland ecotourism from the perspective of experts and stakeholders (Case study of rural rangelands in Isfahan province). Journal of Range and Watershed Managment, 74(3), 513-527. doi: 10.22059/jrwm.2021.315302.1555.
Khodaverdizadeh, M., Raheli, H., Kavousi Kalashami, M., Rezazadeh, A., Khrrami, S. 2010. Estimation of Recreational Value of Iranian Village of Oshtbin Using Two Stage Heckman Method. Journal of Village and Development, 13(1), 111-130. doi: 10.30490/rvt.2018.59212.
Masoumi, M. 2006. The Nature of Tourism, Peik Gotsar Publications, Tehran.
Alizade Azar, K., Ahmad Tozeh, V., Aziziyan, S. 2015. An Investigation on the barriers to the development of Mahabad tourism industry. Journal of urban tourism, 2(3), 233-252. doi: 10.22059/jut.2015.58446.
Lia, M., Wu, b., Cai, L. 2008. Tourism development of World Heritage Sites in China: A geographic perspective, Journal of Tourism Management 29: 308-319.
Edwards, D., Griffin, T., Hayllar, B. 2008. Urban Tourism Developing an Agenda, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 35, No. 4: 1032-1052.
Abu Al Haija, A. 2010. Jordan: Tourism and conflict with local communities, Habitat International, Vol. 35: 93-100.
Valadbighi, Shoaib. 2011. Investigating the tourism capabilities of Paveh city using the SWOT model and its impact on the urban development of Paveh city, Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Tabriz University.
Entezari, M., & Aghaeipoor, Y. 2014. Evaluation ecotourism and geotourism potential of tourism Bisetoon by SWOT method. Journal of Research and Urban Planning, 5(16), 75-88.
Panahi, H., Zaineli, B, Shahi, D. 2016. Evaluation of ecotourism development in Talash city using SWOT method. Geographical Journal of Tourism Space, 4(13), 123-140.
Jahanian, M; Zendi, A. 2011. Ecotourism, first edition. Publications of Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR).
Papli Yazdi, M.H; Saqaei, M. 2006. Tourism (nature and concepts), first edition, Tehran, Samt Publications.
Fennell, D. A. 2003. Ecotourism, 2 nd Edition, Routledge: London.
Tavalai, S. 2013. A review of the tourism industry. Second edition, Tarbiat Moalem University Publications, Tehran.
Saraghi, I. 2008. investigation and analysis of the role of ecotourism attractions in sustainable regional development (case study of ecotourism attractions in Hamedan province), master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Tabriz University.
Iran Statistics Center. 2016. Detailed report of the general population and housing census.
Mirabadi, M., Besharatifar, S. 2023. Assessing and analyzing the vulnerability of urban fabrics from the perspective of passive defense with emphasis on distribution pattern of vital land uses (Case Study: Mahabad City). Journal of Studies of Human Settlements Planning, 18(1), 139-154.
Mohammadi Dehcheshme, M., Zangi Abadi, A. 2008. The Feasibility of Ecotourism Potential of CharMahal and Baktiari Province, by using the SWOT method. Journal of Environmental Studies, 34(47).
Sarafi, M., Tavaklinia, G., Ostadi, M. 2009. City development strategy based on sustainable development (Case study: Shabestar city). Journal of Geography, 7(22), 65-82.
Hunger, J. D; Wheelen, T. 2002, Fundamentals of Strategic Management. Translated by Seyyed Mohammad Arabi and Davoud Izadi, first edition, Tehran, Cultural Research Office Publications.
Nouhegar, a., Hosseinizadeh, M, Pirasteh, A. 2009. Assessment of Qeshm island ecotonrism capabilities with use of SWOT management strategy model. Journal of Geography and development, 7(15), 151-172.
Ahmadi, M., Khoshraftar, R. 2011. Evaluation of Geotourism Capabilities of Katalekhor Cave in Zanjan Using SWOT Technique. Journal of Geographic Thought, 5(9), 1-33.
Doorzadeh mehr, A., Rahimi, A., Shahbeeiki, M. 2020. Explaining Urban Tourism Development Strategies with Emphasis on Integrated Management (Case Study: Chabahar City). Journal of Geography, Urban and Regional Studies, 9(33), 37-52.
