بکارگیری چارچوب DANP برای شناسایی اثرات رشد شهری بر پارک های ملی (مطالعه موردی؛ پارک ملی بمو - شهر شیراز - استان فارس)
محورهای موضوعی : آمایش سرزمینفاطمه پوریانژاد 1 , سید مسعود منوری 2 , مریم رباطی 3 , علیرضا وفائی نژاد 4 , حسین محمدی 5
1 - دانشجويي دکتری، گروه تخصصي محیط زیست، دانشكده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - گروه علوم محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - گروه علوم محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
4 - استادیار دانشکده مهندسی عمران، آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
5 - استاد اقلیمشناسی، گروه آموزشی جغرافیای طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: رشد شهری, تغییر کاربری, مدل DANP, پارک ملی.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: امروزه تغییرات در پوشش و کاربری زمین به دلیل فعالیتهای انسانی باعث تخریب و ایجاد مشکلات جدی در محیطزیست گرديده است. عدم مکانگزینی صحیح جهت رشد فیزیکی آتی شهرها، تغییرات جبران ناپذیری در مقیاسهای مختلف بر سیستم زمین از جمله مناطق تحت حفاظت بوجود آورده است و هدف از آن دستیابی به راهکارهای مناسب جهت کاهش معضلات موجود در حریم و داخل محدوده پارک ملی بمو میباشد.
روش بررسی: این پژوهش کاربردی بوده و به حل یک مساله در دنیای واقعی میپردازد. گردآوری اطلاعات در حیطه پژوهشی پیمایشی و جامعه آماری تدوین شده با نظر صاحبنظران و متخصصان در حوزه محیطزیست و با روش نمونهگیری هدفمند میباشد، که نسبت به رتبهبندی و اهمیت متغیرها در 4 محیط فیزیکی/شیمیایی- بیولوژیکی- اجتماعی/فرهنگی و محیط اقتصادی اقدام گردیده است.
یافتهها: ابتدا حدود پارک ملی بمو و فاصله 5 کیلومتری خارج از آن با کمک سامانه Google Earth Engine مرز بندی و نقشه آن تهیه گردید. سپس با شناسایی معیارها و زیر معیارها در 4 محیط، با استفاده از روش دلفی رتبهبندی شاخصها تعیین و با کمک مدل DANP (ANP-DEMATEL) عوامل تاثیرگذار و تاثیر پذیر در منطقه مشخص گردید.
بحث و نتیجهگیری: با رتبهبندی معیارها، محیط اقتصادی رتبه اول و در زیر معیارها توسعه کشاورزی و باغداری با وزن 071/0، تغییر کاربری و تصرف غیر مجاز با وزن 069/0، گردشگری و تفرج با وزن 068/0 و افزایش ساخت و ساز با وزن 067/0 در رتبه 4 قرار گرفته است.
Background and objective: Today fast changes in land use and cover because of human activities makes serious problems and destructions on environment. The lack of correct location for the future physical growth of cities; has caused irreparable changes in different dimensions on the land system, including protected areas. The goal is to find suitable solutions to reduce the problems in the sanctuary and within the boundaries of Bamoo National Park.Research method: This research is practical and solves a problem in the real world. The collection of information in the field of survey research and statistical society is compiled with the opinion of enviornment experts and with a purposeful sampling method, based on the ranking and importance of variables in 4 physical/chemical environments- biological-social/cultural and economic environment has been done.Findings: First, the borders of the Bamoo National Park and the distance of 5 kilometers outside it were demarcated and mapped using the Google Earth Engine system. Then, by identifying the criteria and sub-criteria in 4 environments, using the Delphi method, the ranking of the indicators was determined and with the help of the DANP (ANP-DEMATEL) model, the influential factors in the region were determined.Discussion and conclusion: By criteria ranking, the economic environment is the first rank, and under the criteria, agriculture and horticulture development with a weight of 0.071, change of use and illegal occupation with a weight of 0.069, tourism and recreation with a weight of 0.068 and the increase in construction with a weight of 0.067 has been ranked 4.
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