تعیین استراتژی‌های توسعه اکوتوریسم (مطالعه موردی: حوزه آبخیز شش رودبار استان مازندران)
محورهای موضوعی :
منابع طبیعی
مونا نهتانی
1
(
فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد رشته آبخیزداری دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری.
)
قربان وهابزاده
2
(
دانشیارگروه‌آبخیزداری دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری. * (مسوول مکاتبات)
)
سید رمضان موسوی
3
(
استادیار گروه آبخیزداری دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری.
)
تاریخ دریافت : 1396/09/18
تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/12/08
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/05/01
کلید واژه:
فرصت ها,
توسعه اکوتوریسم,
تهدیدها,
QSPM,
منطقه شش رودبار,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: امروزه گردشگری و توسعه آن مورد توجه بسیاری از جوامع و دولت ها قرار گرفته و در حال حاضر یکی از پردرآمدترین بخش های اقتصاد جهانی می‌باشد. استان مازندران یکی از استان هایی که سالانه پذیرای گردشگران زیادی در سطح ملی و بین المللی است. وجود آب و هوای مناسب، منابع طبیعی بکر، جنگل ها و دریاچه خزر پتانسیل های طبیعی و با ارزشی است که این مهم را ارتقاء می دهد.روش بررسی: در پژوهش حاضر پتانسیل ها و قابلیت های توسعه اکوتوریسم در منطقه شش رودبار واقع در شهرستان سوادکوه استان مازندران با استفاده از روش توصیفی تحلیلی، مطالعات میدانی انجام شد، تهیه و تکمیل پرسشنامه توسط افراد بومی و کارشناسان اداره گردشگری و کتابخانه ای شناسایی گردید. سپس با استفاده از مدل ترکیبی تحلیل استراتژیک SWOT و مدل برنامه ریزی استراتژیک QSPM نقاط ضعف، قوت، فرصت ها و تهدیدها تهیه و اولویت بندی شدند. در نهایت استراتژی های توسعه اکوتوریسم در منطقه بدست آمد.یافته ها: یافته های حاصل نشان داد که در منطقه مورد مطالعه تعداد 28 نقطه قوت و فرصت به عنوان امکانات و مزیت ها و 19 نقطه ضعف و تهدید به عنوان محدودیت ها و تنگناها دارد و نشان از توان بالای منطقه در توسعه اکوتوریسم و جذب گردشگر دارد.بحث و نتیجه گیری: بر اساس جدول ماتریس مدل SWOT و مجموع امتیاز وزن دار هر کدام از استراتژی ها چنین نتیجه می شود که استراتژی های تهاجمی(SO) که بیشتر به نقاط قوت درونی و فرصت های بیرونی توجه دارند به عنوان استراتژی های بهینه در توسعه صنعت توریسم در منطقه شش رودبار باید مد نظر قرار بگیرند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Today, tourism and its development have attracted for of many societies and governments and are now one of the most profitable sectors of the global economy. Mazandaran Province is one of the provinces that annually accept many tourists nationally and internationally. The existence of suitable climate, pristine natural resources, forests and the Caspian Sea have natural and valuable potential to upgrade this.Material and Methodology: In this research, the potentials and capabilities of ecotourism development in Shash Rudbar region, located in Savadkuh city of Mazandaran province, were performed using descriptive-analytical method and field studies. The questionnaire was prepared and completed by local people and experts from the Tourism and Library Department. Then, using the combined strategy of strategic analysis of SWOT and the QSPM strategic planning model, the weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats were prepared and prioritized. Ultimately, ecotourism development strategies were developed in the region. Findings: The results showed that in the study area there are 28 strengths and opportunities as facilities and advantages and 19 weaknesses and threats as constraints and bottlenecks and indicate the high ability of the region to develop ecotourism and attract tourists. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the matrix table of the SWOT model and the total weighting factor of each of the strategies, it follows that aggressive strategies (SO) that focus more on internal strengths and external opportunities as optimal strategies In the development of tourism industry in the area of six Roodbar should be considered.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Lee, T H., and Liu, R T., 2011. Strategy formulation for the recreational areas of Central Taiwan: An application of SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threat) analysis Journal of Hospitality Management and Tourism, Vol.2, No.3.
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Zarabi, A., Alizadeh Asl, J., Bahari, A., 2014. An Analysis of Tourism Infrastructure in the Otomayeh Utopia Destination Using the SWOT Method in 2013. Journal of Geography and Planning, Vol. 18, No. 48, pp. 210-177. (In Persian)
taghvai, M., Taghizadeh, M., Kiomarsi, H., 2011. Locating Tourist Villages Using Geographic Information System and SWOT Model (Case Study: Kafter Lake Shore) in 2011, Journal of Geography and Environmental Planning, University of Isfahan, No. 2, pp. 120-99. (In Persian)
Cichowska, J., and Klimek, A., 2011. The Role of Agrotourism in The Development and Conversion of Rural Areas. Infrastructure and Ecology of Rural Areas, Vol 11 (3),Pp 97–107.
Ebrahimzadeh, I., Izadi, P., Kazadi, S., 2015. Strategic Planning for Sustainable Ecotourism Development Using the Integrated Model of SWOT and ANP. Case Study: Kurdistan Province in 1394. Geographical Space Magazine, Sixth, No. 15, pp. 25-13. (In Persian)
Bahrami, R., 2010 , "Investigating the capabilities and bottlenecks of rural tourism development in Kurdistan province. Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of Geographers of the Islamic World (ICIWG, 2010). Zahedan, Iran. (In Persian)
Srivastava, P. K., Kulshreshtha, K., Mohanty, C.S., Pushpangadan, P., and Singh, A. 2005. Stakeholder-based SWOT analysis for successful municipal solid waste management in Lucknow. Waste Management, Vol 25(5),Pp 531-537.
Hong, C W., and Chan, N W., 2010. Strength-Weakness-Opportunities-Threats Analysis of Penang National Park for Strategic Ecotourism Management. World Applied Sciences Journal 10(Special Issue of Tourism & Hospitality).
Shrestha, R.K., Alavalapati, J.R.R. and kalmbacher, R. 2004. Exploring the potential for silvopasture adoption in south central Florida: An application of SWOT-AHP method. Agricultural Systems, Vol 81(3).
Robert, G.W., and Gene, E.L. 2000. Limnological analyses. 3nd edition, Academy Press, published by Springer-Verlag New York. 425 .
Ritzema, H., Froebrich, J., Raju, R., Sreenivas, Ch., and Kselik, R., 2010. Using participatory modeling to compensate for data scarcity in environmental planning: A case study from India, Environmental Modeling and Software, Vol 25, pp 1450-1458.
Movahed, A., Kahzadi, S., Abedinzadeh, F., 2014. The strategies for ecotourism development in Kurdistan province using the SWOT and QSPM model in 1393. Journal of Applied Geosciences Research, Vol. 14, No. 32, pp. 204-181. (In Persian)
Ranjbar Arnaei, M., Seraj aldin, F., Nouri, Gh., 2015, Adopting appropriate strategies for sustainable ecotourism development using SWOT, AHP and ANP models (Case study: Gandoman wetland in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province) in 1394. Journal of Oceanology, Vol., Seventh year , No. 26, pp. 68-49. (In Persian)
Wickramasinghe, V., and Takano, Sh., 2009. Application of Combined SWOT and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for Tourism Revival Strategic Marketing Planning: A Case of Sri Lanka Tourism. Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol.7, Pp 1-10.
Yazdani, A., Vahabzadeh, Gh., Uladi, J. Mousavi, R. "Determination of Ecotourist Potential of Cherat Watershed Using SWOT Model in 1398. Environmental Science and Technology, Volume 21, Number 4, July 98.
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Eccles, G., 1995. Marketing, sustainable development and international tourism. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. Vol 7(7), Pp 20-26.
Shaw, G., and Williams, M A., 2004. Tourism and Tourism Space. London, SAGE Publications.
Tremblay, P., 2006. Desert Tourism Scoping Study, Desert Knowledge CRC, Report 12, Australia, Charles Darwin University.
Ebrahimzadeh, I., AghasiZadeh, A., 2011, The Impact of Chabahar Free Zone on Tourism Development in its Influence Area Using Regression Model and T-Test, Journal of Geography and Development of Sistan University Balochistan, No. 21.( In Persian)
Beighi Firouzi, A., 2010. Development of Tourism Development Strategy of Lorestan Province Based on SWOT Analysis and Network Analysis Process (ANP). Master thesis, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, 2010: 95. (In Persian)
Ismailzadeh, H., 2014. Selection of Optimal Tourism Development Strategy Using SWOT Strategy Model (Case Study: Maragheh City). Journal of Environmental Education, No. 28, 172-149. (In Persian)
Badri, A., Rahmani, Kh., Sajadi Qidari, M., Hassanpour, O., 2011. Strategies for ecotourism development in Marivan city in 2011, Journal of Rural Researches, University of Tehran., Second year, No. 2, pp. 54-31. (In Persian)
Lee, T H., and Liu, R T., 2011. Strategy formulation for the recreational areas of Central Taiwan: An application of SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threat) analysis Journal of Hospitality Management and Tourism, Vol.2, No.3.
Tohidy, F., 2011. Economic Impact of Tourism Industry, International Journal of Business and Management, vol 6, No.8.
Haji Nejad, A., Aghaei, v., 2013. Optimal Solutions for Ecotourism Development in Ardabil Province Using Strategic Planning Method (S in 2013). Magazine Geographic Perspectives (Human Studies), Eighth, No. 22, pp. 35-15. (In Persian)
Zarabi, A., Alizadeh Asl, J., Bahari, A., 2014. An Analysis of Tourism Infrastructure in the Otomayeh Utopia Destination Using the SWOT Method in 2013. Journal of Geography and Planning, Vol. 18, No. 48, pp. 210-177. (In Persian)
taghvai, M., Taghizadeh, M., Kiomarsi, H., 2011. Locating Tourist Villages Using Geographic Information System and SWOT Model (Case Study: Kafter Lake Shore) in 2011, Journal of Geography and Environmental Planning, University of Isfahan, No. 2, pp. 120-99. (In Persian)
Cichowska, J., and Klimek, A., 2011. The Role of Agrotourism in The Development and Conversion of Rural Areas. Infrastructure and Ecology of Rural Areas, Vol 11 (3),Pp 97–107.
Ebrahimzadeh, I., Izadi, P., Kazadi, S., 2015. Strategic Planning for Sustainable Ecotourism Development Using the Integrated Model of SWOT and ANP. Case Study: Kurdistan Province in 1394. Geographical Space Magazine, Sixth, No. 15, pp. 25-13. (In Persian)
Bahrami, R., 2010 , "Investigating the capabilities and bottlenecks of rural tourism development in Kurdistan province. Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of Geographers of the Islamic World (ICIWG, 2010). Zahedan, Iran. (In Persian)
Srivastava, P. K., Kulshreshtha, K., Mohanty, C.S., Pushpangadan, P., and Singh, A. 2005. Stakeholder-based SWOT analysis for successful municipal solid waste management in Lucknow. Waste Management, Vol 25(5),Pp 531-537.
Hong, C W., and Chan, N W., 2010. Strength-Weakness-Opportunities-Threats Analysis of Penang National Park for Strategic Ecotourism Management. World Applied Sciences Journal 10(Special Issue of Tourism & Hospitality).
Shrestha, R.K., Alavalapati, J.R.R. and kalmbacher, R. 2004. Exploring the potential for silvopasture adoption in south central Florida: An application of SWOT-AHP method. Agricultural Systems, Vol 81(3).
Robert, G.W., and Gene, E.L. 2000. Limnological analyses. 3nd edition, Academy Press, published by Springer-Verlag New York. 425 .
Ritzema, H., Froebrich, J., Raju, R., Sreenivas, Ch., and Kselik, R., 2010. Using participatory modeling to compensate for data scarcity in environmental planning: A case study from India, Environmental Modeling and Software, Vol 25, pp 1450-1458.
Movahed, A., Kahzadi, S., Abedinzadeh, F., 2014. The strategies for ecotourism development in Kurdistan province using the SWOT and QSPM model in 1393. Journal of Applied Geosciences Research, Vol. 14, No. 32, pp. 204-181. (In Persian)
Ranjbar Arnaei, M., Seraj aldin, F., Nouri, Gh., 2015, Adopting appropriate strategies for sustainable ecotourism development using SWOT, AHP and ANP models (Case study: Gandoman wetland in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province) in 1394. Journal of Oceanology, Vol., Seventh year , No. 26, pp. 68-49. (In Persian)
Wickramasinghe, V., and Takano, Sh., 2009. Application of Combined SWOT and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for Tourism Revival Strategic Marketing Planning: A Case of Sri Lanka Tourism. Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol.7, Pp 1-10.
Yazdani, A., Vahabzadeh, Gh., Uladi, J. Mousavi, R. "Determination of Ecotourist Potential of Cherat Watershed Using SWOT Model in 1398. Environmental Science and Technology, Volume 21, Number 4, July 98.
