تحلیل زیستی و رگرسیونی آبشویی علف¬کش 2,4-D
محورهای موضوعی : کشاورزی و محیط زیستمحمد حسین جمشیدی 1 , حمید صالحیان 2 , اسماعیل بابانژاد 3 , محمد رضوانی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری علوم علف¬های هرز، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد قائم‌شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائم‌شهر، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد قائم‌شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائم‌شهر، ایران * (مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استادیار گروه بهداشت، دانشکده بهداشت دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی مازندران.
4 - دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد قائم‌شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائم‌شهر، ایران
کلید واژه: آبشویی علف¬کش, تجزیه همبستگی کانونیک, زیست سنجی.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: آبشویی علفکشها نه تنها کارآیی آنها را کاهش میدهد بلکه باعث افزایش آلودگی خاك و آبهای زیر زمینی ميشوند. 2,4-D علفکشی است که قابلیت آلایندگی خاك و آبهای عمقی را دارد. اين آزمايش با هدف بررسی تاثیر ماده آلی و بافت خاک بر نفوذپذیری علفکش 2, 4-D از طریق زیستی و تجزیه همبستگی کانونیک انجام شد.
روش بررسی: در این آزمایش در سال 1398 به منظور تحلیل و تکیه بر تاثیر ماده آلی و بافت خاک بر آبشویی علفکش 2,4-D از دو روش زیستسنجی و تجزیه همبستگی کانونیک (Canonical Correlation Analysis) استفاده شد. فاکتورهای آزمایشی عبارت بودند از میزان ماده آلی خاک (شاهد، 5/2 و 5 درصد وزنی کود دامی)، بافت خاک (شاهد، متوسط و شنی) و دز علفکش (5/1 و 3 لیتر در هکتار از علفکش). پس از تهیه تیمارها از لولههای تو خالی (PVC) برای نگهداری خاک استفاده و علفکش روی ستون خاک همراه با آب مقطر تزریق شد. پس از سه روز برشهای دو سانتیمتری از ستون خاک در معرض آزمون زیستسنجی قرار گرفتند.
یافتهها: با استناد به صفت وزن تر گیاهچه خیار (گیاه محک) در تیمار بیشترین مقدار کود دامی حد آبشویی تا عمق شش سانتیمتری برآورد شد. در حالی که این افق برای خاک شاهد 10 سانتیمتر محاسبه گردید. در خاک شنی نیز کاهش وزن تر تا عمق 12 سانتیمتری اندازهگیری شد. به عبارت دیگر همراه با کاهش ماده آلی و افزایش تخلخل خاک نفوذ علفکش 2,4-D تا شش سانتیمتر افزایش یافت.
نتیجهگیری: کود دامی و خاک سنگین سبب عدم تحرک 2,4-D شده و کاربرد آن در باغات جوان با ریشه سطحی، مناسب نیست.
Background & Objective: Leaching of herbicides not only reduces their efficiency, but also increases soil and groundwater pollution. 2,4-D is a herbicide that can pollute soil and deep water. This experiment was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of organic matter and soil texture on the permeability of 2,4-D herbicide through biological and canonical correlation analysis.
Material and Methodology: In this experiment in 2018 in order to analyze and rely on organic matter and soil texture effects on the 2,4-D leaching, Bioassay and Canonical Correlation Analysis techniques were used. Experimental factors were soil organic matter (control, 2.5 and 5 weight percent of sheep short dung), soil texture (control, silty loam and loam soil) and herbicide dose (1.5 and 3 L ha-1). After supplying treatments, polyvinyl chloride pipes benefited for soil retention then herbicide inoculated with distilled water on the soil column. After three days all each 2-cm rings of column soil were exposed to bioassay test.
Findings: According to seedling wet weight of cucumber (test plant) in the most amount of dung fertilizer treatment, herbicide leaching front estimated till six cm depth. Whereas this horizon measured 10 cm for the control soil. In sandy soil too, wet weight loss was measured until 12 cm soil depth. In other words, with decreasing organic matter and increasing soil porosity, 2,4-D penetration raised as 6 cm depth.
Discussion and conclusion: Dung fertilizer and heavy soil lead to herbicide immobility and 2,4-D application is not suitable in the young gardens with shallow roots.
Background & Objective: Leaching of herbicides not only reduces their efficiency, but also increases soil and groundwater pollution. 2,4-D is a herbicide that can pollute soil and deep water. This experiment was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of organic matter and soil texture on the permeability of 2,4-D herbicide through biological and canonical correlation analysis.
Material and Methodology: In this experiment in 2018 in order to analyze and rely on organic matter and soil texture effects on the 2,4-D leaching, Bioassay and Canonical Correlation Analysis techniques were used. Experimental factors were soil organic matter (control, 2.5 and 5 weight percent of sheep short dung), soil texture (control, silty loam and loam soil) and herbicide dose (1.5 and 3 L ha-1). After supplying treatments, polyvinyl chloride pipes benefited for soil retention then herbicide inoculated with distilled water on the soil column. After three days all each 2-cm rings of column soil were exposed to bioassay test.
Findings: According to seedling wet weight of cucumber (test plant) in the most amount of dung fertilizer treatment, herbicide leaching front estimated till six cm depth. Whereas this horizon measured 10 cm for the control soil. In sandy soil too, wet weight loss was measured until 12 cm soil depth. In other words, with decreasing organic matter and increasing soil porosity, 2,4-D penetration raised as 6 cm depth.
Discussion and conclusion: Dung fertilizer and heavy soil lead to herbicide immobility and 2,4-D application is not suitable in the young gardens with shallow roots.
Background & Objective: Leaching of herbicides not only reduces their efficiency, but also increases soil and groundwater pollution. 2,4-D is a herbicide that can pollute soil and deep water. This experiment was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of organic matter and soil texture on the permeability of 2,4-D herbicide through biological and canonical correlation analysis.
Material and Methodology: In this experiment in 2018 in order to analyze and rely on organic matter and soil texture effects on the 2,4-D leaching, Bioassay and Canonical Correlation Analysis techniques were used. Experimental factors were soil organic matter (control, 2.5 and 5 weight percent of sheep short dung), soil texture (control, silty loam and loam soil) and herbicide dose (1.5 and 3 L ha-1). After supplying treatments, polyvinyl chloride pipes benefited for soil retention then herbicide inoculated with distilled water on the soil column. After three days all each 2-cm rings of column soil were exposed to bioassay test.
Findings: According to seedling wet weight of cucumber (test plant) in the most amount of dung fertilizer treatment, herbicide leaching front estimated till six cm depth. Whereas this horizon measured 10 cm for the control soil. In sandy soil too, wet weight loss was measured until 12 cm soil depth. In other words, with decreasing organic matter and increasing soil porosity, 2,4-D penetration raised as 6 cm depth.
Discussion and conclusion: Dung fertilizer and heavy soil lead to herbicide immobility and 2,4-D application is not suitable in the young gardens with shallow roots.
Background & Objective: Leaching of herbicides not only reduces their efficiency, but also increases soil and groundwater pollution. 2,4-D is a herbicide that can pollute soil and deep water. This experiment was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of organic matter and soil texture on the permeability of 2,4-D herbicide through biological and canonical correlation analysis.
Material and Methodology: In this experiment in 2018 in order to analyze and rely on organic matter and soil texture effects on the 2,4-D leaching, Bioassay and Canonical Correlation Analysis techniques were used. Experimental factors were soil organic matter (control, 2.5 and 5 weight percent of sheep short dung), soil texture (control, silty loam and loam soil) and herbicide dose (1.5 and 3 L ha-1). After supplying treatments, polyvinyl chloride pipes benefited for soil retention then herbicide inoculated with distilled water on the soil column. After three days all each 2-cm rings of column soil were exposed to bioassay test.
Findings: According to seedling wet weight of cucumber (test plant) in the most amount of dung fertilizer treatment, herbicide leaching front estimated till six cm depth. Whereas this horizon measured 10 cm for the control soil. In sandy soil too, wet weight loss was measured until 12 cm soil depth. In other words, with decreasing organic matter and increasing soil porosity, 2,4-D penetration raised as 6 cm depth.
Discussion and conclusion: Dung fertilizer and heavy soil lead to herbicide immobility and 2,4-D application is not suitable in the young gardens with shallow roots.
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