تبیین وضعیت حقوقی مدیریتی ناظر بر تولید و مصرف سموم دفع آفات نباتی و کودهای شیمیایی
محورهای موضوعی :
حقوق محیط زیست
محمد مبینی فر
1
(
استادیار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد آزاد شهر، آزاد شهر، ایران.
)
ناصر قاسمی
2
(
دانشیار، دانشگاه علوم قضایی و خدمات اداری، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
)
رضا ارجمندی
3
(
دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، تهران، ایران.
)
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/06/18
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/09/17
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/03/01
کلید واژه:
راهکارهای اجرائی,
راهبردهای مدیریتی,
حقوق محیط زیست,
سموم دفع آفات نباتی,
تبیین وضعیت موجود,
چکیده مقاله :
میزان مصرف سموم دفع آفات نباتی نشان دهنده ی گوشه ای از وخامت وضع استانداردهای کشاورزی است. به دلیل اثرات آلاینده ی این سموم در حیات جانوری و انسانها، کشور ما با پایبندی به اجرای قوانین و مقررات مرتبط، سبب ارتقای کیفیت و بهره گیری هر چه صحیح تر از سموم دفع آفات نباتی شده است. دراین راستا نقش سازمان هایی همچون قوه قضاییه، سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست، وزارت بهداشت، جهاد کشاورزی، سازمان حفظ نباتات در تدوین و اجرایی نمودن قوانین و مقررات مرتبط با سموم دفع آفات نباتی روشن و آشکار می گردد. این پژوهش بر اساس مطالعات کتابخانه ای و آمار رسمی موجود انجام پذیرفته است. با امعان نظر به مطالعه در خصوص تبیین وضعیت حقوقی مدیریتی ناظر بر تولید و مصرف سموم دفع آفات نباتی و کودهای شیمیایی، ابعاد حقوقی، محیط زیستی و مدیریتی اجرائی مد نظر قرار گرفته است.در پرتو این پژوهش ضمن بررسی قوانین و مقررات مرتبط با سموم دفع آفات نباتی در ایران، رهیافت ها و راهبردهای موثر در پرتو رویه های موجود جهت مهار آفات و سموم شیمیایی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. نتیجه حاصل از این پژوهش نشان از محدودیت قواعد موجود در دفع سموم آفات نباتی در ایران دارد و به نظر می رسد این قواعد بایستی بواسطه چارچوب موثر تری که می تواند الگوی مناسب تری برای اجرا باشد، تکمیل گردد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Today, the use of pesticides somehow indicates just some of deterioration of agricultural standards. Due to the effects of the pesticide contaminants in animal and human life, our country's commitment to the implementation of related rules and regulations, Improve the quality and utilization of pesticides is much more accurate. In this Regard, the role of organizations such as the judiciary, the Environmental Protection Agency, Ministry of Health, Agricultural Jihad, Plant Protection Organization, it is clear in the formulation and implementation of rules and regulations related to pesticides. In this Study, Explanation the legal status and managerial governing the production and consumption of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, is considered legal aspects, environmental and executive management. Ahead cross-sectional study based on the principles and methods, and this research has been done on the basis of library studies and official statistics. According to the study about the legal status and managerial governing the production and consumption of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, legal, environmental, managerial and administrative aspects are mentioned.In the Light of what has been reached by this study, Exploration of Rules and regulations related to pesticides in Iran, as well as Effective approaches and strategies in the light of the existing procedures to control pests and pesticides has been Studied. Results, Shows the limitation rules in the excretion of toxins pests in Iran and it does seems that, these rules must be complemented through effective framework that can better model to be implemented.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Management and planning organization of Golestan province. 1385. Economic and social report of Golestan province in 1384. Support Management Publications. pp. 457-458. (In Persian)
Pirizi Kohi, Mahmoud (2013) Investigating the effects of phosphorus toxins on planktons and fry of Golestan province. Master's thesis. Faculty of Environment and Energy. Tehran Azad University of Science and Research. pp. 89-95. (In Persian)
Nasri, Noushin (1379). Investigating the potential of pesticide contamination of the underground waters of Dasht Ray. Master's thesis. Faculty of Environment and Energy, University of Science and Research. pp. 43-45. (In Persian)
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Saed, rare. Tila, Parvaneh (2011) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 28-34. (In Persian)
Saed, Nader. Tila, Parvaneh (1391) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 261-263. (In Persian)
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Saed, Nader. Tila, Parvaneh (1391) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 309-311. (In Persian)
Rahmati, Jhila (2014) Comparative study of laws and regulations related to plant pesticides, a case study of Iran and the European Union, Master's thesis, Faculty of Environment and Energy, Tehran University of Science and Research, pp. 75-78. (In Persian)
Saed, Nader. Tila, Parvaneh (2012) Collection of Laws and Regulations of Iran's Environmental Protection, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 167-164. (In Persian)
Irfan Manesh, Majid, Efioni, Majid (2004). Environmental pollution of water, soil and air. Isfahan: Ardakan Publications. Third edition. pp. 39-44. (In Persian)
Ghasemi, Naser (2004). Environmental criminal law. Tehran. Jamal Ahaq Second edition. pp. 28-34. (In Persian)
Saed, Nader. Tila, Parvaneh (1391) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 28-34. (In Persian)
Saed, Nader. Tila, Parvaneh (2012) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 167-164. (In Persian)
Saed, rare. Tila, Parvaneh (1391) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 279-284. (In Persian)
Saed, Nader. Tila, Parvaneh (1391) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 279-284. (In Persian)
Saed, Nader. Tila, Parvaneh (1391) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 309-311. (In Persian)
Choupani, Mohammad Hossein (1388). Environmental pollutants and environmental protection. Tehran. Training and equipping the human resources of National Gas Company of Iran. pp: 2-33-64-76-93.(In Persian)
Matthews G. (2006). Pesticides health, safety and the environment. Blackwell Publishing: London. UK, 2006, p.1-31. (In Persian)
Larry, David. Bala Krishna P. Supati (2014) The future of international environmental law in the age of globalization, translated by: Sobhan Tayyabi and Safiya Tayyabi, publications of the National Center for Globalization, pp. 159-162. (In Persian)
Dehghani, Ruhollah, Limoui, Mojtabi, Zarghi, Iran (2011). Investigating the harmful effects of pesticides with an emphasis on the problem of resistance in health important arthropods. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. Course 17. pp. 84-100. (In Persian)
Moharram-Najad, Nasser (1385). Environmental management and planning. Publisher: Author. pp: 50-51. (In Persian)
Abbaspour, Majid (2006). Energy, environment and sustainable development. Tehran. Scientific Publishing Institute of Sharif University of Technology. First edition. The second volume. pp. 239-935. (In Persian)
Azderi, Afsun. (2008) Sustainable Development, Challenges and Solutions, Moruj Monthly, Special Issue of Hefneh Jihad Agriculture, Deputy Promotion and Exploitation System, pp. 7-9. (In Persian)
_||_
Khani, Mohammad Reza (1379). Environmental management of nitrate and cadmium control in rice fields in the north of the country through quantitative and qualitative modification of chemical fertilizers. Doctoral dissertation under the guidance of Mr. Mohammad Jafar Malkuti and Seyyed Javad Shariat. Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran. pp. 37-42. (In Persian)
Zahedi, Shams Al Sadat, Najafi, Gholam Ali (2004). Development of the concept of sustainable development. Public administration doctoral dissertation of Allameh Tabatabai University. pp. 63-65. (In Persian)
Karimian, Najafali (2010). Fertilizer research in Iran: a look at the past, a guide for the future. Soil researches (soil and water sciences), a. number 4. pp. 265-268. (In Persian)
Management and Planning Organization of Golestan Province (2014) Economic and Social Report of Golestan Province in 2015. Support Management Publications. pp. 456-454. (In Persian)
Management of Rural Cooperative Organization (2015) amount of chemical fertilizers distributed annually. Durrangar No. 5256/11/55 dated 8/5/1385 and referring to letter No. 4184/433 dated 7/5/1385. Agricultural Jihad Organization of Golestan Province and Reofi Far, Elham (2014) Cancer patients are increasing, Mehr news agency report with news ID: 2780168 - Tuesday, June 26. (In Persian)
Management and planning organization of Golestan province. 1385. Economic and social report of Golestan province in 1384. Support Management Publications. pp. 457-458. (In Persian)
Pirizi Kohi, Mahmoud (2013) Investigating the effects of phosphorus toxins on planktons and fry of Golestan province. Master's thesis. Faculty of Environment and Energy. Tehran Azad University of Science and Research. pp. 89-95. (In Persian)
Nasri, Noushin (1379). Investigating the potential of pesticide contamination of the underground waters of Dasht Ray. Master's thesis. Faculty of Environment and Energy, University of Science and Research. pp. 43-45. (In Persian)
Saed, rare. Tila, Parvaneh (1391) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 279-284. (In Persian)
Saed, rare. Tila, Parvaneh (2011) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 28-34. (In Persian)
Saed, Nader. Tila, Parvaneh (1391) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 261-263. (In Persian)
Saed, rare. Tila, Parvaneh (2012) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 25-18. (In Persian)
Saed, Nader. Tila, Parvaneh (1391) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 309-311. (In Persian)
Rahmati, Jhila (2014) Comparative study of laws and regulations related to plant pesticides, a case study of Iran and the European Union, Master's thesis, Faculty of Environment and Energy, Tehran University of Science and Research, pp. 75-78. (In Persian)
Saed, Nader. Tila, Parvaneh (2012) Collection of Laws and Regulations of Iran's Environmental Protection, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 167-164. (In Persian)
Irfan Manesh, Majid, Efioni, Majid (2004). Environmental pollution of water, soil and air. Isfahan: Ardakan Publications. Third edition. pp. 39-44. (In Persian)
Ghasemi, Naser (2004). Environmental criminal law. Tehran. Jamal Ahaq Second edition. pp. 28-34. (In Persian)
Saed, Nader. Tila, Parvaneh (1391) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 28-34. (In Persian)
Saed, Nader. Tila, Parvaneh (2012) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 167-164. (In Persian)
Saed, rare. Tila, Parvaneh (1391) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 279-284. (In Persian)
Saed, Nader. Tila, Parvaneh (1391) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 279-284. (In Persian)
Saed, Nader. Tila, Parvaneh (1391) Collection of Laws and Regulations for Environmental Protection of Iran, Khorsandi Publications, pp. 309-311. (In Persian)
Choupani, Mohammad Hossein (1388). Environmental pollutants and environmental protection. Tehran. Training and equipping the human resources of National Gas Company of Iran. pp: 2-33-64-76-93.(In Persian)
Matthews G. (2006). Pesticides health, safety and the environment. Blackwell Publishing: London. UK, 2006, p.1-31. (In Persian)
Larry, David. Bala Krishna P. Supati (2014) The future of international environmental law in the age of globalization, translated by: Sobhan Tayyabi and Safiya Tayyabi, publications of the National Center for Globalization, pp. 159-162. (In Persian)
Dehghani, Ruhollah, Limoui, Mojtabi, Zarghi, Iran (2011). Investigating the harmful effects of pesticides with an emphasis on the problem of resistance in health important arthropods. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. Course 17. pp. 84-100. (In Persian)
Moharram-Najad, Nasser (1385). Environmental management and planning. Publisher: Author. pp: 50-51. (In Persian)
Abbaspour, Majid (2006). Energy, environment and sustainable development. Tehran. Scientific Publishing Institute of Sharif University of Technology. First edition. The second volume. pp. 239-935. (In Persian)
Azderi, Afsun. (2008) Sustainable Development, Challenges and Solutions, Moruj Monthly, Special Issue of Hefneh Jihad Agriculture, Deputy Promotion and Exploitation System, pp. 7-9. (In Persian)
