جانمایی بهینه مخازن زبالههای شهری با استفاده از GIS (مطالعه موردی: شهرشاهیندژ)
محورهای موضوعی : سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیاییزهرا یزدانی 1 , محمد طلائیان عراقی 2
1 - کارشناس ارشد مهندسی آلودگیهای محیطزیست، دانشکده محیط زیست کرج.* (مسوول مکاتبات(
2 - عضو هیئت علمی، دانشکده محیط زیست، کرج.
کلید واژه: GPS, مخازن زباله, شاهیندژ, GIS,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: مدیریت پسماند عهده دار انجام فرایندهای مختلفی است تا رضایت شهروندان را جلب نماید. جانمایی صحیح مخازن نگهداری موقت زباله ها در سطح شهر امری مهم می باشد. از این رو جانمایی بهینه مخازن زباله های شهری بسیار حائز اهمیت است. علاوه بر آن عدم استفاده از مخازن نگهداری زباله در مکان های مناسب می تواند باعث آسیب های زیست محیطی و اثرات منفی بر آراستگی منظر شهر شود. هدف مندی این تحقیق در راستای مکان یابی مخازن زباله های شهری با استفاده از ابزار توانمند سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی می باشد. روشبررسی: آلودگی حاصل از پسماندها و خطرات ناشی از آن برای اجتماعات امری اجتناب ناپذیر است. روش های سنتی نظیر روی هم گذاری دستی نقشه ها به دلیل حجم زیاد داده ها امکان پذیر نمی باشد. لذا در این تحقیق از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی در مکان یابی مخازن زباله های شهری استفاده شده است. به همین منظور 58 بلوک در 4 منطقه با جمعیت 12 هزار خانوار در شهر شاهین دژ در استان آذربایجان غربی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. یافته ها: طبق نقشه بدست آمده از GPS، موقعیت مخازن اصلی در شهر شاهین دژ مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. با در دست داشتن اطلاعات تراکم جمعیت، سرانه زباله تولیدی، رعایت فواصل تعیین شده و استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، مراکز مدنظر جانمایی مخازن زباله ها در این تحقیق تعیین گردید. به طوریکه با وزن دهی لایه ها و روی هم گذاری لایه های نقشه های موجود در نرم افزار GIS، منتج به ارائه 804 نقطه جهت جانمایی مخازن در شهر گردید. بحث و نتیجه گیری: با نگاهی به یافته های به دست آمده و به منظور جلوگیری از تردد بی رویه وسایل نقلیه حمل زباله، کاهش سوخت، کاهش اثرات زیست محیطی زباله های تجمع یافته در مکان های نامناسب و استفاده حداکثری از منظر مناسب، با به کارگیری نتایج این تحقیق می توان مخازن موقت نگهداری زباله ها را به تعداد مناسب در محل های صحیح استفاده نمود و محیطی ایمن با ضریب سلامت بالا که دوستدار محیط زیست است را ایجاد کرد.
Background and Objective: Waste management is responsible for carrying out various processes to attract citizens' satisfaction. Proper placement of temporary storage tanks in the city is important. Therefore, the optimal location of municipal waste tanks is very important. In addition, not using waste storage tanks in suitable places can cause environmental damage and negative effects on the beauty of the city landscape. The purpose of this study is to locate municipal waste tanks using powerful tools of GIS. Analysis Method: Waste pollution and its dangers are inevitable for communities. Traditional methods such as manually overlay maps are not possible due to the large amount of data. So, in this research a powerful tool such as GIS has been used in locating municipal waste tanks. For this purpose, 58 blocks in 4 regions with a population of 12 thousand households in the city of Shahindezh in West Azerbaijan province have been studied. Findings: According to the map obtained from GPS, the location of the main tanks in the city of Shahindezh was investigated. With having information on population density, production waste per capita, observing the specified distances and using the geographic information system, the centers purposed for the waste location tanks in this study were determined. So that by weighting the layers and superimposing the layers of maps in GIS software, it resulted in providing 804 points for locating reservoirs in the city. Discussion and Conclusion: Looking at the findings and in order to prevent irregular traffic of garbage trucks, reduce fuel, reduce the environmental impact of waste accumulated in inappropriate places and maximize use of the appropriate perspective, using the results of this research, temporary waste storage tanks can be used in appropriate numbers in the right places and created a safe environment which to be environmentally friendly with high security factor.
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- , Edwin, Asadollah Fardi, Gholamreza, Jaghatani, Fatemeh, 2009,” Study of the possibility of reducing the methane pollution produced at urban landfill site based on the clean development mechanism in Rasht”. (In Persian)
- Omrani, Ghasemali., 1998. "Urban Waste Management", Research and Training Center for Occupational Safety and Health. (In Persian)
- Karimi Jeshani, Ayoub, Amiri, Hamid, Minoo Sepehr, Mohammad, Mojarad, Morteza. “Location of storage and routing reservoirs of Solid Abandoned Solid Waste Collection System of Abadeh City with Separation Approach from Origin with Arc GIS Software”, 2013. Urban Waste Management Plan and Rural Fars Province, 6th National Conference and the First International Conference on Waste Management, Mashhad. (In Persian)
- Ohri.A, Singh.P. ,2010 “ Development of Decision Support System for Municipal Solid Waste Management in India,” International Journal of Environmental Science, No 4,pp 440-454
- Behboodi, Reyhaneh., Moradi Kia, Saeed., 2015 ,”Environmental Challenges of Plastic Bags”, 7th National Conference and Specialized Exhibition of Environmental Engineering, Tehran, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran. (In Persian)
- Safari, Alireza. “Implementation of Qazvin Reservoir Implementation, Management, and Destruction Program Using Geographic Information System (GIS)”, 2017.Planning and Development of Waste Management Agency of Qazvin Municipality. (In Persian)
- Dantzig, G.B., Ramser, J.H. (1959) “The truck Dispatching problem”, Management Science 6 (1), pp.80–91.
- Salah.R.Agha. 2006. Optimizing routing of municipal solid waste collection vihicels in deir el-balah-gaza strip, The Islamic university Journal, Vol.14, NO.2, pp. 75-89.
- Minciardi, R. et al., 2005, “A new procedure to plan outing and scheduling of vehicles for solid waste collection at a metropolitan scale”, Waste Management 24, pp 227–295.
- Ghose, M.K. Dikshit, A.K. Shrma, S.k. 2006,.A “GIS based transportation model for solid waste Disposal" .Acase study on Asansol municipality,Waste managment .pages 1293-1287.
- Mufeed Shrholy, Kafeel Ahmad, R.c.Vaishya, R.D.Gupta .2007, Municiple solid waste characterstics and management in Allahabad, India), Waste management, pages 496-490.
- Bani Asadi, Roghayeh., Ahmadizadeh, Seyyed Saeid Reza, Ebrabi, Behrouz, Qomi Motaseh, Alireza., “Determination of suitable landfills for solid urban waste in Astara using AHP method and fuzzy logic”, Environmental and development, year 4, No. 8, Fall and Winter 2013, p. 41-50.( In Persian)
- Sarmad, Zohreh, Bazargan, Abbas, Hejazi, Elaheh,. Research Methods in Behavioral Sciences, Tehran, Knowledge, Fifth Edition, 2001, 406 p. (In Persian)
- Sabour,MohammadReza,Salimi,Ali,Molaei,Damon."Optimization of location of spatial limits for collecting urban waste using the information system Geography ", Scientific Journal of Iran - Master of Modares, Volume 15, Number 3, Autumn 2015, p. 73-84. (In Persian)