ارزیابی تامین مسؤولیت اجتماعی زیستمحیطی بانکمحور در راستای کاهش انتشار آلاینده در دو سطح تولیدات صنعتی و اقتصاد کلان در ایران: کاربرد تجزیه بلانچارد-کوآ (BQ) و انحراف استاندارد بوتاسترپ (BSE)
محورهای موضوعی : اقتصاد محیط زیستمهدی قائمی اصل 1 , محمد نصر اصفهانی 2 , سیروس چرخ 3
1 - استادیار گروه اقتصاد و بانکداری اسلامی، دانشکده اقتصاد، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول)
2 - مربی گروه اقتصاد و بانکداری اسلامی، دانشکده اقتصاد، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
3 - کارشناسی ارشد بانکداری اسلامی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: مسؤولیت اجتماعی زیستمحیطی, تجزیه بلانچارد-کوآ (BQ), نظام بانکداری بدون ربا,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: مسؤولیت پذیری زیست محیطی به عنوان یک جنبه مهم از مسؤولیت اجتماعی، شرط لازم برای بقا و موفقیت بانک است و بانک ها تلاش می کنند در فعالیت های سرمایه گذاری نمایند که موجب بهبود شرایط کل جامعه و حفظ محیط زیست گردد. بر این اساس هدف از این پژوهش، ارزیابی تامین مسؤولیت اجتماعی زیست محیطی بانک محور در راستای کاهش انتشار آلاینده در دو سطح تولیدات صنعتی و اقتصاد کلان است. روش بررسی: در این پژوهش به منظور بررسی تاثیر هم زمان، بلندمدت و پویای تسهیلات اعطایی سیستم بانکی به بخش غیردولتی بر میزان انتشار آلاینده های زیست محیطی در دو سطح تولیدات صنعتی (بخش صنعت) و مجموع فعالیت های اقتصادی (اقتصاد کلان)، از روش خودرگرسیون برداری ساختاری (SVAR)، انحراف استاندارد بوت استرپ (BSE) و تجزیه بلانچارد-کوآ (BQ) استفاده شده است. یافته ها: نتایج برآورد ماتریس اثرات هم زمان و بلندمدت در الگوی SVAR مربوط به اقتصاد کلان نشان می دهد که یک تکانه مالی (به اندازه یک انحراف معیار) ناشی از ارابه تسهیلات حمایتی بانکی به مجموعه تولیدات اقتصادی و از ناحیه جزء اخلال DLTLOA، در دوره اول منجر به افزایش 0387/0 درصدی در سطح انتشار آلاینده زیست محیطی می شود ولی در بلندمدت تاثیر معنی داری بر سطح انتشار آلاینده ندارد. همچنین نتایج مربوط به بخش صنعت نشان می دهد که یک تکانه مالی، در دوره اول منجر به افزایش 0397 /0 درصدی در سطح انتشار آلاینده زیست محیطی می شود و در بلندمدت تاثیر افزایشی 0695/0 درصدی بر سطح انتشار آلاینده زیست محیطی دارد. برآورد اثرات پویای تکانه ها نیز نشان می دهد که در دو سطح بخش صنعت و اقتصاد کلان، تمام تکانه ها منجر به افزایش سطح آلاینده زیست محیطی می شوند. بحث و نتیجه گیری: بخش بانکی با تسهیلات حمایتی از بخش های اقتصادی به ویژه بخش صنعت، نتوانسته است در خصوص مسؤولیت اجتماعی خطیر خود در حیطه جهت دهی تولیدات به سمت تکنولوژی و روش های تولید پاک، به درستی نقش ایفا کند در عمل حامی مالی تولیدات و صنایع آلاینده فاقد صلاحیت زیست محیطی شده است. به نظر می رسد همان گونه که ساختار حمایتی ناصحیح سیستم بانکی از صنایع و تولیدات آلاینده، افزایش انتشار آلاینده زیست محیطی را به دنبال داشته باشد، اصلاح این ساختار حمایتی و تسهیلاتی بانکی، می تواند به بهبود زیست محیطی منجر شود.
Background and Objective: Environmental responsibility as an important aspect of social responsibility is a necessary condition for survival and success ban and banks are trying to invest in activities that can improve the conditions of society and protecting the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate suppliers based bank's environmental social responsibility to reduce emissions in both industrial and macroeconomic production levels. Method: In this study to investigate the contemporaneous, long-run and dynamic effects of facilities granted by the banking system to the private sector on the emission of environmental pollutants at two levels of industrial production (industry sector) and aggregated economic activities (macroeconomic), the structural VAR method (SVAR), Bootstrap Standard Error (BSE) and Blanchard-Quah Decomposition (BQ) is used. Findings: The results of contemporaneous and long-term effect matrixes in macroeconomic SVAR model shows that, A financial shock (with the size of a standard deviation) due to Bank support facilities to aggregated economic activities and from disturbance term of DLTLOA, led to a 0.0387 percent increase in the level of environmental emissions in the first period, but in the long run has no significant effect on the level of emissions. In addition, the result of industrial sector shows that a financial shock, led to a 0.0397 percent increase in the level of environmental emissions in the first period and its long-term impact on the level of environmental emissions is 0.0695 percent incensement. Estimation of dynamic effects also shows that in both industrial sector and the macroeconomic level, all shocks led to emissions incensement. Discussion and Conclusion: The banking sector with the support of sectors of the economy, especially the industrial sector, has failed to play proper role in its serious social responsibility in the area of production with clean technology and methods and in practice, has become financial supporter of unqualified pollutant industries and productions. It seems as improper support structure of the banking system from industries and pollutant producers, to be followed by increasing in environmental emissions, the reform of the banking support structure and facilities, can lead to environmental improvements.
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- Abbaszade, B., Azimi, M., 2013. Determining effective factors on disclosure of social responsibility: Banks of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Second International Conference on Solutions and Challenges (In Persian).
- Darmadi, S., 2013. Corporate Governance disclosure in the annualreport: Anexploratory study on Indonesian Islamic banks. Thisarticleis available at: www.emeraldinsight.com/0828-8666.htm.
- Eivazlo, h., ghelich, v., 2013. Ethical Banking with Islamic Approach: Ethical Sentences and Structural Measures. Monetary and Banking Research Center of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran (In Persian).
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- Haniffa, R. & Hudaib, M., 2007. Exploring the Ethical Identity of Islamic Banks via Communication in Annual Reports. Journal of Business Ethics.
- Hasan, A., 2010. “Exploring Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure: The case of Islamic banks”, International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, vol.3, no.3, 2010, pp.203-227.
- Kuznets, S., 1955. Economic growth and income inequality. The American economic review, 1-28.
- Karami, Gh. Ghayomi, Z., Ebrahimi-Kordlor, A., 2013. Assessing the social responsibility disclosure index and the relationship between this indicator and the financial performance of banks in Iran (Under the Islamic approach), Two Islamic Management Scientific Journales, 2. (In Persian).
- Kwiatkowski, Denis. Peter C. B. Phillips., Peter Schmidt & Yongcheol, Shin. 1992. “Testing the Null Hypothesis of Stationary against the Alternative of a Unit Root,” Journal of Econometrics, 54, 159-178
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- Maali, B., Casson, P., and Napier, C., 2006. Social Reporting by Islamic Banks, Discussion.
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- Rundle-Thiele, S., Ball, K., & Gillespie, M., 2008. Raising The Bar: From Corporate Social Responsibility To Corporate Social Performance. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 25 (4), 245–253.
- Rundle-Thiele, S., Paladino, A., & Apostol, S.A.G.Jr., 2008. Lessons Learned From Renewable Electricity Marketing Attempts: A Case Study. Business Horizon, 51, 181-190.
- Rahahleh, M. Y., Shariari, J. A., 2008.Theexten tof social responsibility accounting application in the qualified industrialzonesin Jordan. Journal of International Management Review, 4(2), 5-1.
- Shahid, A., Saeed, H., & Tirmizi, S. M. A., 2015. Economic development and banking sector growth in Pakistan. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment, 5(3), 121-135.
- Sepasi, s., rahdari, a h., 2014. Provide a Framework for Disclosure of Islamic Social Responsibility for the Banking System of the Country. International Audiovisual Conference Center. (In Persian).
- Tamizi, A., 2014. Factors affecting carbon dioxide emissions in developing countries using the econometric approach, Quarterly Journal of Applied Economics Theory, 2(4), 149-150. (In Persian).
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- Abasi, a., zandilak, m., khlife, m., 2014. Impact of corporate responsibility on brand trust and brand preferences with the mediating role of perceived quality and brand value: 31-44. (In Persian).
- Aitken, L., 2006. Green works. Campaign (UK), 28, 26-27.
- Abbaszade, B., Azimi, M., 2013. Determining effective factors on disclosure of social responsibility: Banks of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Second International Conference on Solutions and Challenges (In Persian).
- Darmadi, S., 2013. Corporate Governance disclosure in the annualreport: Anexploratory study on Indonesian Islamic banks. Thisarticleis available at: www.emeraldinsight.com/0828-8666.htm.
- Eivazlo, h., ghelich, v., 2013. Ethical Banking with Islamic Approach: Ethical Sentences and Structural Measures. Monetary and Banking Research Center of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran (In Persian).
- Grossman, G., and A, Krueger. 1995. Economic growth and the environment" Quarterly Journal of Economics 110(2) 353-377.
- Haniffa, R. & Hudaib, M., 2007. Exploring the Ethical Identity of Islamic Banks via Communication in Annual Reports. Journal of Business Ethics.
- Hasan, A., 2010. “Exploring Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure: The case of Islamic banks”, International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, vol.3, no.3, 2010, pp.203-227.
- Kuznets, S., 1955. Economic growth and income inequality. The American economic review, 1-28.
- Karami, Gh. Ghayomi, Z., Ebrahimi-Kordlor, A., 2013. Assessing the social responsibility disclosure index and the relationship between this indicator and the financial performance of banks in Iran (Under the Islamic approach), Two Islamic Management Scientific Journales, 2. (In Persian).
- Kwiatkowski, Denis. Peter C. B. Phillips., Peter Schmidt & Yongcheol, Shin. 1992. “Testing the Null Hypothesis of Stationary against the Alternative of a Unit Root,” Journal of Econometrics, 54, 159-178
- Mitchener, K. J., & Wheelock, D. C., 2013. Does the structure of banking markets affect economic growth? Evidence from US state banking markets. Explorations in Economic History, 50(2), 161-178.
- Maali, B., Casson, P., and Napier, C., 2006. Social Reporting by Islamic Banks, Discussion.
- Mak, W, Cheung, P., 2010. The Relation between Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and Financial Performance: Evidence from the Commercial Banking Industry, International Journal of Accounting, Vol. 136, No. 2, pp. 170-256.
- Rundle-Thiele, S., Ball, K., & Gillespie, M., 2008. Raising The Bar: From Corporate Social Responsibility To Corporate Social Performance. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 25 (4), 245–253.
- Rundle-Thiele, S., Paladino, A., & Apostol, S.A.G.Jr., 2008. Lessons Learned From Renewable Electricity Marketing Attempts: A Case Study. Business Horizon, 51, 181-190.
- Rahahleh, M. Y., Shariari, J. A., 2008.Theexten tof social responsibility accounting application in the qualified industrialzonesin Jordan. Journal of International Management Review, 4(2), 5-1.
- Shahid, A., Saeed, H., & Tirmizi, S. M. A., 2015. Economic development and banking sector growth in Pakistan. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment, 5(3), 121-135.
- Sepasi, s., rahdari, a h., 2014. Provide a Framework for Disclosure of Islamic Social Responsibility for the Banking System of the Country. International Audiovisual Conference Center. (In Persian).
- Tamizi, A., 2014. Factors affecting carbon dioxide emissions in developing countries using the econometric approach, Quarterly Journal of Applied Economics Theory, 2(4), 149-150. (In Persian).
- Zubairu, U.M., Sakariyau, O.B. and Dauda, C.K., 2011. Social reporting practices of Islamic banks in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(23).