تخصیص و مدیریت منابع آب حوضه آبریز سد یامچی با رویکرد تحلیل سناریوها با استفاده از مدل WEAP

محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت منابع آب

اتابک فیضی ¹ , رضا آقاجانی جمایران ²

1 - دانشیار گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی عمران-گرایش مدیریت ساخت، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/05/01 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/06/16 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/09/01

کلید واژه: آب زیرزمینی, تخصیص و مدیریت منابع آب, تغییر الگوی کشت, نرم‌افزار WEAP,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: به دلیل محدود بودن منابع آب از یک طرف و همچنین افزایش روزافزون نیازهای آبی از طرف دیگر، قابلیت‌های تخصیص منابع آب به شیوه سنتی کاهش یافته و استفاده از راهکارهای نوین تخصیص و مدیریت منابع آب در انتخاب طرح‌ها و همچنین کمک به تصمیم‌گیری صحیح در تخصیص و مدیریت منابع آب، بیش از هر زمان دیگری اهمیت پیدا کرده است. ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ حاضر، ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‌رﻳﺰی ﺟﺎﻣﻊ در راﺳﺘﺎی اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب ﻣﻮﺟﻮد شبکه ﺳﺪ یامچی واقع در استان اردبیل و ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ در ﺑﺨﺶ‌های شرب، کشاورزی، صنعت و محیط زیست ﺑﺎ در نظر گرفتن رﺷﺪ ﻧﻴﺎز آﻧﻬﺎ در آﻳﻨﺪه ﻣﻲ‌ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.روش بررسی: ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﺑﺘﺪا ﺳﺪ یامچی و مناطق پایین‌دست آن در ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻣﺪل WEAP ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺳﺎزی ﺷﺪه و ﻣﺪل ﺑﺮای ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ حال حاضر و ده ﺳﻨﺎرﻳﻮی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻃﺮح‌ﻫﺎی ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ در آینده اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه است. سناریوهای پیشنهاد شده شامل بررسی تاثیر تخصیص نیاز صنعت، افزایش راندمان آبیاری، حذف منبع آب زیرزمینی، تغییر الگوی کشت، کشت تک محصوله و سناریوهای ترکیبی بوده است. ورودی‌های در نظر گرفته شده شامل اطلاعات سد و مخزن یامچی، منبع آب زیرزمینی و همچنین پارامترهای لازم جهت محاسبه گره‌های نیاز شرب، کشاورزی، صنعت و محیط زیست در بازه زمانی 1387 تا 1397 بوده است.یافته‌ها: نتایج به‌دست آمده نشان داد که از بین سناریوهای پیشنهادی برای منطقه مورد مطالعه، سناریوی تغییر همزمان الگوی کشت و افزایش بازدهی آبیاری 65 درصد مناسب‌ترین گزینه از بین سناریوهای مورد بررسی در منطقه مورد مطالعه بوده و اطمینان‌پذیری زمانی و حجمی نیازهای شرب و کشاورزی را به صورت 100 درصد برآورد کرده و باعث کاهش 44 درصدی نیازهای شرایط کنونی شده است.بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: شایان ذکر است درصورتی‌که منبع آب زیرزمینی به هر دلیلی حذف شود، هیچ کدام از راهکارهای تغییر الگوی کشت و افزایش راندمان و غیره نمی‌تواند کمبود ایجاد شده را تامین کند و باید به دنبال تصفیه پساب‌های شهری، کشاورزی و صنعتی و استفاده مجدد از آنها بود. نتایج به‌دست آمده نشان می‌دهد، تصفیه فاضلاب شهری و استفاده مجدد از آن می‌تواند در حدود 60 درصد از کمبود حاصل از حذف منبع آب زیرزمینی را تامین کند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Due to limited water resources and increasing water needs, the potentials of water resource allocation using the traditional methods are decreased and the use of new allocation strategies and managing water resources in choosing projects and making correct decisions in allocating and managing water resources is more important than ever. The main purpose of the present study is comprehensive management and planning in order to use the existing water resources of Yamchi dam network located in Ardabil province and meet the demand in the drinking, agriculture, industry and environment sectors, taking into account their future needs.Accordingly, Yamchi dam and its downstream areas are simulated in the WEAP model environment and the model is implemented for current conditions and future development projects in ten different scenarios. The proposed scenarios included examining the impact of allocation, industry needs, increasing irrigation efficiency, removing groundwater resources, changing cropping patterns, single cropping, and combined scenarios. The entries included information on the Yamchi dam and reservoir, groundwater resources, and the parameters needed to calculate the nodes for drinking, agricultural, industrial and environmental needs in the period 2008 to 2018.Findings: The results showed that among the proposed scenarios for the areas under study, the scenario of simultaneous change of cropping pattern and 65% increase in irrigation efficiency is the most suitable option among the studied scenarios, which meets time and volume reliability of drinking and agricultural needs by 100% and will reduce the needs of the current situation by 44%.Discussion and Conclusion: It is worth noting that if the groundwater source is eliminated for any reason, none of the solutions of changing the cropping pattern, increasing efficiency, etc. can fulfill the shortage and it is necessary to treat urban, agricultural and industrial wastewaters and reuse one of them. The results show that urban wastewater treatment and reuse can provide about 60 percent of the shortage of groundwater resources.

منابع و مأخذ:

1. Seifi, Keyvan, Nazarifar, Mohamad Hadi, Momeni, Rezvane, Assessing the allocation and management of water demand scenarios - a Case Study of Karun (Izeh city),The first regional conference of the Karun and Zayandehrood Basins water resource exploitation(opportunities and challenges), 2006,Shahr-e-Kord, Shahr-e-Kord university.(In Persian)


2. Rajaei, Frorozan, Samadi, Hosein, Saeednia, Mehri, Groundwater Resources Assessment of Chaharmahal Bakhtiari Plain Province Using WEAP Model, First International Conference on Water Crisis, 2008, Zabul University, Hamoun International Wetland Research Institute. (In Persian)


3. Kazem, Masoud, Mohammadi, Ssolmaz, Maknoun, Reza, Investigating the Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources Allocation Using the WFAP Model Case Study of Zanjanrood Basin, First International Conference on Water Resources Management, 2009, Shahrood, Shahrood University of Technology. (In Persian)


4. Sahebdel, Shirin, Akbarpour, Abolfazl, Quantitative-Qualitative Evaluation of Water Allocation Scenarios Using WEAP Model Case Study: Qarah Soo Basin in Golestan Province, 4th Iranian Water Resources Management Conference, 2011, Tehran, Amir Kabir University of Technology. (In Persian)


5. Bagheri Harouni, Mohamad Hosein, Morid, Saeed, Comparison of WEAP and MIKE BASIN models in water resource allocation (Case study: Talvar River). Journal of Water and Soil Conservation Research, 2013, 20 (1): 151-167. (In Persian)


6. Pour Mohammad, Yavar, Shahnazari, Ali, Emadi, Alireza, Tabar Ahmadi, Mirkhalgzia, Water Resources Allocation in Alborz Project Using WEAP Model, 9th International Congress of Civil Engineering, 2012, Isfahan, Isfahan University of Technology. (In Persian)


7. Farahmand, Alireza, Bagheri, Meysam, Determining the Water Requirement of Maharloo Wetland Using WEAP Water Resources Allocation Model, Second Conference on Environmental Planning and Management, 2012, Tehran, Tehran University. (In Persian)


8. Aghakarami, Mohsen, Moridi, Ali, Quantitative Assessment of Water Allocation Scenarios Using WEAP (Case Study: Tehran-Karaj Plain), 5th Iranian Water Resources Management Conference, 2013, Tehran, Iran Water Resources Science and Engineering Association, Shahid Beheshti University. (In Persian)


9. Kermanshahi, Somayye, Davari, Kamran, Hashminia, Majid, Farid Hosseini, Alireza, Ansari, Hosein, Application of WEAP Model to Evaluate the Effect of Irrigation Water Consumption on Neyshabour Plain Water Resources, Journal of Water and Soil, 2013, 27 (3): 494-505. (In Persian)


10. Dehghan, Zahra, Delbari, Masoume, Mohammad Rezapour, Omonnabi, Resource Allocation Planning under Management Scenarios in Gorganrood Basin, Journal of Water and Soil Science, 2015, 25 (3): 117-132. (In Persian)


11. Rafiei Darani, Hadi, Kohansal, Mohammadreza, Ghorbani, Mohammad, Sabouhi, Mahmoud, Hydro-economic modeling in analyzing water resource management strategies in Neyshabur plain, Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 1396, 99: 41-77. (In Persian)


12. Lévite H, Sally H, Cour J. Testing water demand management scenarios in a water-stressed basin in South Africa: application of the WEAP model. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C [Internet]. Elsevier BV; 2003 Jan; 28(20-27):779–86.


13. Assaf H, Saadeh M. Assessing water quality management options in the Upper Litani Basin, Lebanon, using an integrated GIS-based decision support system. Environmental Modelling & Software [Internet]. Elsevier BV; 2008 Oct; 23(10-11):1327–37.


14. Al-Omari A, Al-Quraan S, Al-Salihi A, Abdulla F. A Water Management Support System for Amman Zarqa Basin in Jordan. Water Resources Management [Internet]. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2009 Mar 6; 23(15):3165–89.


15. Alfarra A, Benedict EK-, Hötzl H, Sader N, Sonneveld B. Modeling Water Supply and Demand for Effective Water Management Allocation in the Jordan Valley. Journal of Agricultural Science and Applications [Internet]. American V-King Scientific Publishing; 2012 Mar 30; 01(01):1–7.


16. Kotir JH, Smith C, Brown G, Marshall N, Johnstone R. A system dynamics simulation model for sustainable water resources management and agricultural development in the Volta River Basin, Ghana. Science of the Total Environment [Internet]. Elsevier BV; 2016 Dec; 573:444–57.


17. Nassery HR, Adinehvand R, Salavitabar A, Barati R. Water Management Using System Dynamics Modeling in Semi-arid Regions. Civil Engineering Journal [Internet]. Ital Publication; 2017 Oct 7;3(9):766–78.


18. Yuan L, He W, Liao Z, Degefu DM, An M, Zhang Z. Simulating Water Resource Disputes of Transboundary River: A Case Study of the Zhanghe River Basin, China. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science [Internet]. IOP Publishing; 2018 Jan; 111:012001.


19. Yang L, Bai X, Zheng Khanna N, Yi S, Hu Y, Deng J, et al. Water evaluation and planning (WEAP) model application for exploring the water deficit at catchment level in Beijing. DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT [Internet]. Desalination Publications; 2018; 118:12–25.


20. Kou L, Li X, Lin J, Kang J. Simulation of Urban Water Resources in Xiamen Based on a WEAP Model. Water [Internet]. MDPI AG; 2018 Jun 5; 10(6):732.


21. Tena TM, Mwaanga P, Nguvulu A. Hydrological Modelling and Water Resources Assessment of Chongwe River Catchment using WEAP Model. Water [Internet]. MDPI AG; 2019 Apr 21; 11(4):839.


22. Teklu S, Soliman AH and El-Zawahry A. Testing the WEAP Hydrologic Model for Awash Basin, Ethiopia “Soil Moisture Module with Watershed Demand Approach.”Civil and Environmental Research [Internet]. International Institute for Science, Technology and Education; 2020 Mar.


23. User manual of Water Evaluation and Planning System, 2015


24. Balance Report and Water Cycle of Ardabil Study Area, 2009, Qatre Baran Sahra Consulting Engineers. (In Persian)


25. 20 Year Outlook Report of Ardebil Regional Water Company Management System, 2003. (In Persian)

 

 

1. Seifi, Keyvan, Nazarifar, Mohamad Hadi, Momeni, Rezv
   
   
   
   1. Seifi, Keyvan, Nazarifar, Mohamad Hadi, Momeni, Rezvane, Assessing the allocation and management of water demand scenarios - a Case Study of Karun (Izeh city),The first regional conference of the Karun and Zayandehrood Basins water resource exploitation(opportunities and challenges), 2006,Shahr-e-Kord, Shahr-e-Kord university.(In Persian)
   
   
   2. Rajaei, Frorozan, Samadi, Hosein, Saeednia, Mehri, Groundwater Resources Assessment of Chaharmahal Bakhtiari Plain Province Using WEAP Model, First International Conference on Water Crisis, 2008, Zabul University, Hamoun International Wetland Research Institute. (In Persian)
   
   
   3. Kazem, Masoud, Mohammadi, Ssolmaz, Maknoun, Reza, Investigating the Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources Allocation Using the WFAP Model Case Study of Zanjanrood Basin, First International Conference on Water Resources Management, 2009, Shahrood, Shahrood University of Technology. (In Persian)
   
   
   4. Sahebdel, Shirin, Akbarpour, Abolfazl, Quantitative-Qualitative Evaluation of Water Allocation Scenarios Using WEAP Model Case Study: Qarah Soo Basin in Golestan Province, 4th Iranian Water Resources Management Conference, 2011, Tehran, Amir Kabir University of Technology. (In Persian)
   
   
   5. Bagheri Harouni, Mohamad Hosein, Morid, Saeed, Comparison of WEAP and MIKE BASIN models in water resource allocation (Case study: Talvar River). Journal of Water and Soil Conservation Research, 2013, 20 (1): 151-167. (In Persian)
   
   
   6. Pour Mohammad, Yavar, Shahnazari, Ali, Emadi, Alireza, Tabar Ahmadi, Mirkhalgzia, Water Resources Allocation in Alborz Project Using WEAP Model, 9th International Congress of Civil Engineering, 2012, Isfahan, Isfahan University of Technology. (In Persian)
   
   
   7. Farahmand, Alireza, Bagheri, Meysam, Determining the Water Requirement of Maharloo Wetland Using WEAP Water Resources Allocation Model, Second Conference on Environmental Planning and Management, 2012, Tehran, Tehran University. (In Persian)
   
   
   8. Aghakarami, Mohsen, Moridi, Ali, Quantitative Assessment of Water Allocation Scenarios Using WEAP (Case Study: Tehran-Karaj Plain), 5th Iranian Water Resources Management Conference, 2013, Tehran, Iran Water Resources Science and Engineering Association, Shahid Beheshti University. (In Persian)
   
   
   9. Kermanshahi, Somayye, Davari, Kamran, Hashminia, Majid, Farid Hosseini, Alireza, Ansari, Hosein, Application of WEAP Model to Evaluate the Effect of Irrigation Water Consumption on Neyshabour Plain Water Resources, Journal of Water and Soil, 2013, 27 (3): 494-505. (In Persian)
   
   
   10. Dehghan, Zahra, Delbari, Masoume, Mohammad Rezapour, Omonnabi, Resource Allocation Planning under Management Scenarios in Gorganrood Basin, Journal of Water and Soil Science, 2015, 25 (3): 117-132. (In Persian)
   
   
   11. Rafiei Darani, Hadi, Kohansal, Mohammadreza, Ghorbani, Mohammad, Sabouhi, Mahmoud, Hydro-economic modeling in analyzing water resource management strategies in Neyshabur plain, Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 1396, 99: 41-77. (In Persian)
   
   
   12. Lévite H, Sally H, Cour J. Testing water demand management scenarios in a water-stressed basin in South Africa: application of the WEAP model. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C [Internet]. Elsevier BV; 2003 Jan; 28(20-27):779–86.
   
   
   13. Assaf H, Saadeh M. Assessing water quality management options in the Upper Litani Basin, Lebanon, using an integrated GIS-based decision support system. Environmental Modelling & Software [Internet]. Elsevier BV; 2008 Oct; 23(10-11):1327–37.
   
   
   14. Al-Omari A, Al-Quraan S, Al-Salihi A, Abdulla F. A Water Management Support System for Amman Zarqa Basin in Jordan. Water Resources Management [Internet]. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2009 Mar 6; 23(15):3165–89.
   
   
   15. Alfarra A, Benedict EK-, Hötzl H, Sader N, Sonneveld B. Modeling Water Supply and Demand for Effective Water Management Allocation in the Jordan Valley. Journal of Agricultural Science and Applications [Internet]. American V-King Scientific Publishing; 2012 Mar 30; 01(01):1–7.
   
   
   16. Kotir JH, Smith C, Brown G, Marshall N, Johnstone R. A system dynamics simulation model for sustainable water resources management and agricultural development in the Volta River Basin, Ghana. Science of the Total Environment [Internet]. Elsevier BV; 2016 Dec; 573:444–57.
   
   
   17. Nassery HR, Adinehvand R, Salavitabar A, Barati R. Water Management Using System Dynamics Modeling in Semi-arid Regions. Civil Engineering Journal [Internet]. Ital Publication; 2017 Oct 7;3(9):766–78.
   
   
   18. Yuan L, He W, Liao Z, Degefu DM, An M, Zhang Z. Simulating Water Resource Disputes of Transboundary River: A Case Study of the Zhanghe River Basin, China. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science [Internet]. IOP Publishing; 2018 Jan; 111:012001.
   
   
   19. Yang L, Bai X, Zheng Khanna N, Yi S, Hu Y, Deng J, et al. Water evaluation and planning (WEAP) model application for exploring the water deficit at catchment level in Beijing. DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT [Internet]. Desalination Publications; 2018; 118:12–25.
   
   
   20. Kou L, Li X, Lin J, Kang J. Simulation of Urban Water Resources in Xiamen Based on a WEAP Model. Water [Internet]. MDPI AG; 2018 Jun 5; 10(6):732.
   
   
   21. Tena TM, Mwaanga P, Nguvulu A. Hydrological Modelling and Water Resources Assessment of Chongwe River Catchment using WEAP Model. Water [Internet]. MDPI AG; 2019 Apr 21; 11(4):839.
   
   
   22. Teklu S, Soliman AH and El-Zawahry A. Testing the WEAP Hydrologic Model for Awash Basin, Ethiopia “Soil Moisture Module with Watershed Demand Approach.”Civil and Environmental Research [Internet]. International Institute for Science, Technology and Education; 2020 Mar.
   
   
   23. User manual of Water Evaluation and Planning System, 2015
   
   
   24. Balance Report and Water Cycle of Ardabil Study Area, 2009, Qatre Baran Sahra Consulting Engineers. (In Persian)
   
   
   25. 20 Year Outlook Report of Ardebil Regional Water Company Management System, 2003. (In Persian)