ارزیابی اثرات زیست محیطی کارخانه ایران خودرو تهران(EIA)
محورهای موضوعی :
محیط زیست شهری
رقیه یدالهی صابر
1
,
محمد غفاریان بهرمان
2
,
مریم علیزاده
3
,
محمد رضا خطیبی زاده
4
1 - کارشناسی ارشد محیط زیست شهری،دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی،دانشگاه خوارزمی،تهران، ایران
2 - کارشناسی ارشد محیط زیست شهری،دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی،دانشگاه خوارزمی،تهران، ایران*(مسئوول مکاتبات)
3 - کارشناسی ارشد محیط زیست شهری،دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی،دانشگاه خوارزمی،تهران، ایران
4 - کارشناسی ارشد محیط زیست شهری،دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی،دانشگاه خوارزمی،تهران، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/11/29
تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/05/18
تاریخ انتشار : 1398/07/01
کلید واژه:
ارزیابی زیست محیطی,
کارخانه ایران خودرو,
ماتریس لئوپلد,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: اجرای پروژه های بهره برداری از سرزمین، از جمله احداث کارخانه ها و توسعه صنایع، مستلزم بررسی استعداد طبیعی سرزمین برای توسعه مورد نظر می باشد. در همین راستا انجام مطالعات ارزیابی اثرات محیط زیستی، از جمله روش های مطلوب جهت دست یابی به اهداف توسعه پایدار است. ارزیابی اثرات محیط زیستی می تواند به عنوان یک ابزار برنامه ریزی جهت سوق دادن اهداف اجرای یک پروژه در راستای قوانین و مقررات محیط زیستی به کار گرفته شود.
روش بررسی: تحقیق انجام شده شامل ارزیابی اثرات محیط زیستی کارخانه خودروسازی ایران خودرو با تأکید بر کاربرد روش ماتریس لئوپلد ایرانی که توسط مجید مخدوم تهیه شده، می باشد. برای امتیاز دهی برای هر اثر در این روش، از نظرات کارشناسان کارخانه ایران خودرو، سازمان محیط زیست و کارشناسان شهرداری منطقه 21 تهران استفاده شده است. نتیجه ماتریس ممکن است یکی از پنج حالت: پروژه مردود است، پروژه تایید است، پروژه با گزینه های اصلاحی قابل تایید است، پروژه با ارایه طرح های بهسازی تایید می شود و یا این که پروژه با ارایه طرح های بهسازی و گزینه های اصلاحی قابل تایید است، باشد.
یافته ها:با تجزیه و تحلیل ماتریس لئوپلد مشخص گردید که تعداد اثرات میانگین جبری منفی درستون برابر با 8عدد و تعداد پیامدهای، میانگین جبری منفی در ردیف برابربا 9 عدد است که در این بین تعداد پیامد های منفی کم تر از 1/3- در ستون، فقط مربوط به اثرات آلاینده های هوا است. که برابر شده با میانگین جبری 3/3- .
بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج تحقیق نشان می دهد که پروژ مورد نظر درحالت پنجم قرار می گیرد، یعنی این که پروژه کارخانه ایران خودرو با ارائه طرح بهسازی و گزینه های اصلاحی مورد تایید است. در این حالت تعدادی از میانگین های رده بندی هم در ستون و هم در ردیف ها کم تر از 1/3- است، اما تعداد آن ها به 50درصد حالات نمی رسد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: The research includes an assessment of the environmental effects of the Iran Khodro Manufacturing Plant, with an emphasis on the application of the Iranian Leopold Matrix Method, prepared by Majid Makhdoom. Experts from Iran Khodro Factory, Environmental Organization and experts of the Municipality of Tehran region 21 have been used to rate each work in this method. The result of the matrix may be one of the following: the project is rejected, the project is approved, the project is verifiable with corrective options, the project is approved with the submission of improvement projects or that the project can be approved by presenting improvement plans and corrective options.
Findings: By analyzing the Leopold matrix, it was determined that the number of negative algebraic effects is equal to 8 and the number of consequences, the negative algebraic average in the row is equal to 9. Among them, the number of negative consequences less than -3/1 in the column is only related to the effects of air pollutants. Which is equal to -3/3.
Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the research show that the project is in the fifth position, which means the project of Iran Khodro Plant is approved by the presentation of the improvement plan and corrective options. In this case the number of ranking meanings in the column and in the rows is less than -3/1, but their number does not reach 50% of the states.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Nasiri, Hossein, Sustainable Development and Development, Green Circle Publishing, 2005, Second Edition. (persian)
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Tabibiyan, Manouchehr ,Sotoudeh, Ahad ,Shayesteh, Kamran, Chalabianloo, Reza ,A Survey on Concepts and Methods for Estimating the Quantitative Capacity of a Ward and Providing an Applied Case Based on the Experience of Strategic Planning for Tourism Development Abbas Abad-Ganjnameh Hamedan, Beautiful Arts , 2007, No.29 (persian)
Htun, N .1990. EIA and sustainable, development, Impact Assessment Bulletin, pp23-16
Dabiri , Farhad, Kiani, Mojdeh, Kiani, Investigation of Preventive Laws and Regulations, including Assessment of Environmental Impact in Iran and several Industrial Countries, Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2010, NO 4. (persian)
ShariaT, Seyyed Mahmood, Monavari, Seyed Masoud, An Introduction to Environmental Impact Assessment Methods, Environmental Protection Agency Publications. 1998 (persian)
. Leopold, A. 1949. A Sand County Almanac, London: Oxford University Press.
Mc Harg Ian L. 1969. Design with Nature, American Museum of Natural History.
Zabardast, Labbat, Pour Asghar, Farzam, Hoveidi, Hasan, Environmental Assessment of Concepts and Methods, Avaya Felam Publications. 2014(persian)
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Rahmati, Alireza, "Evaluation of the Environmental Impact Assessment Process in Iran, Challenges and Solutions”, Environmental & Development Quarterly, 2012, Year 3, NO 5 (persian)
Mitchell, G .1996. Problems and fundamentals of sustainable development indicators. Sustainable Development, vol. 4,PP 1- 11.
Behabzadeh, Abdolhossein, "Earth Care: A Strategic Plan for Sustainable Living, Mashhad University Press, 1997, No. 200(persian)
Habitat, T. A. .1992. A Methodological Framework of EIA for Urban Development. UN Centre for Human Settlements, pp 11- 18.
Amini, Azhdar, et al., A Multidimensional Model for Assessing the Environmental Effects of Asphalt Roads, Journal of Transportation Engineering, 2014, No. 4, pp. 4-48-435. (persian)
Panahandeh, Mohammad, Abedinzadeh ,Niloufar, Ravanbakhsh, Mokaram, Environmental Impact Assessment of Yazd Composting Plant. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2010, No. 3, pp. 88-99(persian)
Valizadeh, Soheil, Shokri, Zaynab, A Study on the Application of Iranian Leopold Matrix in Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of Solid Waste Management Options in Birjand, The Iranian Society of Environmental Health, 1394, No. 3, pp249-262. (persian)
Rajabzadeh, Mohammad Ali, Environmental Impact Assessment of Development Projects, Environmental Protection Agency, Deputy Director of Education and Research, Green House Designers, 2008, No. 9(persian)
Jafari, Ali, Habibpour, Ali Asghar, Evaluation of the effects of development of new cities on the environment Case Study: New City of Pardis, Urban Management Quarterly, 2008, No. 21, pp. 45-58. (persian)
Goodarzi, Zahra, Anian, Mansour, the Importance of Land Assessment and Conservation in Environmental Conservation, First National Conference on Environmental Conservation and Planning, 1391, Tehran, Iran. (persian)
Riahi Khorram, Mahdi, Environmental Assessment and Land Reconciliation, Environmental Department, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, 2011. (persian)
Momouri, Masoud, Environmental Impact of Development Projects, Islamic Azad University Press, Research Branch, 2009, First Edition (persian)
Jafari, Ali, Yarali, Nabiollah, Dehkordi, Saeed, Evaluation of Environmental Development in Chaharmahal Bakhtiari Province and Determination of Priority of Villages for Development using the Demolition Model, Journal of Geography and Urban Development, 2014, No. 13, pp. 107- 118(persian)
Razavian, Mohammad Taghi, Kanoni, Reza, Yarmaradi, Kiomars, Urban Environment, Publishing House of Science, 1395, First Edition (persian)
Yar Ali, Nabiollah, Soltani Ali, Jafari, Mafi Gholami, Ali, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) on the Oshtrankou Protected Area Using the Demolition Model, Environmental Research Journal, 2010, No. 1, pp. 13- 22 (persian)
Nasiri, Hossein, Sustainable Development and Development, Green Circle Publishing, 2005, Second Edition. (persian)
Makhdoum, Majid, The Basis of Land Planning, Tehran University Press, 2011, Thirteenth Edition. (persian)
Tabibiyan, Manouchehr ,Sotoudeh, Ahad ,Shayesteh, Kamran, Chalabianloo, Reza ,A Survey on Concepts and Methods for Estimating the Quantitative Capacity of a Ward and Providing an Applied Case Based on the Experience of Strategic Planning for Tourism Development Abbas Abad-Ganjnameh Hamedan, Beautiful Arts , 2007, No.29 (persian)
Htun, N .1990. EIA and sustainable, development, Impact Assessment Bulletin, pp23-16
Dabiri , Farhad, Kiani, Mojdeh, Kiani, Investigation of Preventive Laws and Regulations, including Assessment of Environmental Impact in Iran and several Industrial Countries, Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2010, NO 4. (persian)
ShariaT, Seyyed Mahmood, Monavari, Seyed Masoud, An Introduction to Environmental Impact Assessment Methods, Environmental Protection Agency Publications. 1998 (persian)
. Leopold, A. 1949. A Sand County Almanac, London: Oxford University Press.
Mc Harg Ian L. 1969. Design with Nature, American Museum of Natural History.
Zabardast, Labbat, Pour Asghar, Farzam, Hoveidi, Hasan, Environmental Assessment of Concepts and Methods, Avaya Felam Publications. 2014(persian)