اندازه‌گیری پرتوزایی خاک‌های سطحی شرق نیروگاه سوخت فسیلی شازند
محورهای موضوعی :
مواد هسته ای و رادیو اکتیو
رضا پورایمانی
1
,
طیبه داود مقامی
2
1 - دانشیار گروه فیزیک، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد فیزیک هسته‌ای، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1396/07/04
تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/11/18
تاریخ انتشار : 1399/04/01
کلید واژه:
نیروگاه برق شازند,
پرتوزایی,
فعالیت معادل رادیوم,
خاک,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: انسان ها همواره در معرض پرتوهای یون ساز قرار دارند. یکی از منابع این پرتوها، تابش های هسته ای مربوط به ویژه هسته های پرتوزای موجود در آب، خاک، سنگ و گیاهان است. عناصر پرتوزا باگسیل تابش های هسته ای باعث بروز بیماری هایی نظیر سرطان و ناهنجاری های ژنتیکی میگردند. بنابراین مطالعه و بررسی پرتوزایی خاک از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است.
روش بررسی: در این پژوهش34 نمونه خاک از حد فاصل نیروگاه سوخت فسیلی شازند تا شهر اراک مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. فعالیت ویژه هسته های پرتوزا از روش بیناب نگاری گاما و با استفاده از آشکارساز فوق خالص ژرمانیومی (HPGe) با بازدهی نسبی 30% تعیین گردید. مقادیر فعالیت ویژه عناصر پرتوزا، فعالیت معادل رادیم و آهنگ دز جذبی در هوا برایکلیه نمونه ها محاسبه شد.
یافته ها: مقدار فعالیت ویژه هسته های پرتوزای 226Ra و 232Thو 40K و 137Csدرنمونه های جمع آوری شده به ترتیب درمحدوده 91/1±92/18تا 69/2±11/43 و 16/2±31/25 تا 65/3±27/54 و 96/9±17/230 تا03/18±25/728 و 49/1> تا 88/0±52/9برحسب بکرل برکیلوگرم تغییر می کند. مقدار آهنگ دز جذبی در هوا در ارتفاع یک متری و فعالیت معادل رادیوم به ترتیب از 38/1±57/40 تا 07/2±98/76برحسب(nGy/h) و از 08/3 ± 14/84 تا 50/4±74/157 بر حسب Bq/kg محاسبه گردید.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: میانگین فعالیت معادل رادیوم برای نمونه های خاک Bq/kg 38/18± 38/116 محاسبه گردید که در سطح مقدار میانگین جهانی(Bq/kg69/131) است. بیش ترین مقدار پرتوزایی در فاصله 3 تا 7 کیلومتری نیروگاه مشاهده گردید. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می دهد که پرتوزایی خاک این منطقه خطری برای سلامتی ساکنین ایجاد نمی کند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Human beings are always exposed to ionizing radiation. One of the sources of this radiation is the nuclear radiation from terrestrial radioactive nuclide in water, soil, rock and plants. Nuclear radiation emission from radionuclides causes diseases like cancer and genetic abnormalities. Therefore, studies of soil radioactivity are of great importance.
Method:In this research, 34 soil samples were studied between the Shazand Power Plant and Arak city. The specific activities radionuclides were determined using gamma ray spectrometry method, with employing a high purity germanium detector (HPGe) model GCD30195 with 30% relative efficiency.
Finding: The specific activity of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs in these samples varied from 18.92± 1.91 to 43.11± 2.69, 25.31± 2.16 to 54.27±3.65, 230.17±9.96 to728.25± 18.03 and <1.49 to 9.52±0.88 in Bq/kg respectively. Absorbed dose rate in air one meter height from ground and radium equivalent were calculated as 4.57± 1.38 to 79.68 ±2.07 in nGy/h and 84.14± 3.08 to 157.74± 4.50.
Conclusion: The average of radium equivalent for soil samples was calculated as 116.38±18.38 Bq/kg which is the same level of world average (131.69). Maximum radioactivity observed in 3 to 7 km distance from Power Plant. The results of this study indicate that the radiation of the soil does not pose a threat to the health of the inhabitants.
منابع و مأخذ:
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http://shazandtpp.ir/
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Pourimani R., Asadpour F., 2016. "Determination of Specific Activities of Radionuclides in Soil and Their Transfer Factor from Soil to Bean and Calculation of Cancer Risk for Bean Consumption in Iran", Arak Medical University Journal (AMUJ), 19(107): 9-18.
Pourimani R., Mazloom Shahraki M., 2013."Influence of different soil's parameters on the penetration of 137Cs. Iranian Journal of Physics Research,13(3):213-218.
Hasan M. M., Ali I., Paul D., Haydar M.A., Islam S.M.A., 2014. "Natural Radioactivity and Assessment of Associated Radiation Hazards in Soil and Water Samples Collected from in and around of the Barapukuria 2× 125 MW Coal Fired Thermal Power Plant, Dinajpur, Bangladesh", Journal of Nuclear and Particle Physics,4(1): 17-24. doi:10.5923/j.jnpp.20140401.03
Mishra, U.C.,2004. "Environmental impact of coal industry and thermal power plant in india", J.Environ.Radioact.72:35-40.
Amin Y. M., Khandaker M.U., Shyen A.K.S., Mahat R.H., Nor R.M., Bradley D.A., 2013. "Radionuclide emissions from a coal-fired power plant", Applied Radiation and Isotopes 80:109–116.
Papastefanou C., 2010. "Escaping radioactivity from coal-fired power plants (CPPs) due to coal burning and the associated hazards: a review", Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 101(3): 191-200. doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2009.11.006
Duong,P.V.,Thanh, V.T., Dien P.Q., Binh N.T.,1995."Application of nuclear activation analysis(NAA) and low –level gamma counting to determine the radionuclide and trace element-pollutant releases from coal-fired power plant in Vietnam", Sci. Total Environ.173-174:339-334. Doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04757-3
Flues,M., Moraes, V., Mazzilli, B. P., 2002. "The influence of a coal-fired power plant operation on radionuclide concentrations in soil" Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 63:285–294.
Liu G., Luo Q., Ding M., Feng J., 2015. "Natural radionuclides in soil near a coal-fired power plant in the high background radiation area, South China", Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,187(6):356. Doi: 10.1007/s10661-015-4501-y.
Papp Z., Deso Z., DaroczyS., 2002."Significant radioactive contamination of soil around a coal fired thermal power plant", J.Environ.Radioact.59:191–205. Doi:10.1016/S0265-931X(01)00071-6
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- Jaworowski Z., 1997. "Beneficial effects of radiation and regulatory policy",
Australas Phys. Eng. Sci. Med.,20(3):125-38.
UNSCEAR, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. Sources, effects and risks of ionizing radiation. New York: United Nations; 2000
Beretaka J., Mathew P.J., 1985. "Natural Radioactivity of Australian Building Materials, Industrial Wastes and By- Products", Health Physics 48(1): 87- 95.
El-Taher A., Uosif M.A., Orabi A.A., 2007. "Natural radioactivity levels and radiation hazard indices in granite from Aswan to Wadi El-Allaqi southeastern desert", Egyptian Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 124(2):148-154.
Al-Saleh F.S., Al-Harshan G.A., 2008. "Measurements of radiation level in petroleum products and wastes in Riyadh City Refinery", Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 99(7):1026-31. DOI10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.12.002
Wrenn M.E., Durbin P.W., Howard B., Lipsztein J., Rundo J., Still E.T., Willis D.I.,1985, "Metabolism of ingested U and Ra", Health Phys., 48: 601-633.
http://shazandtpp.ir/
Shah Mansouri S. Combustion management at Shazand Arak thermal power plant - - Second Iranian combustion conference (in Persian)
International Atomic Energy Agency. Collection and Preparation of bottom sediment sample for analysis of radionuclides an trace element. IAEA- TECDOC-1360, IAEA; VIENNA; 2003.
Aziz A., 1981. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, "Methods of Low-Level Counting and Spectrometry", Symposium Berlin. Vol. 221.
Gilmore GR, Practical Gamma-ray Spectrometry, 2nd Edition, Nuclear Training Services Ltd Warrington, UK, 2008; ISBN: 978-0-470-86196-7
UNSCEAR, 2008. United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. Exposure from natural sources of radiation, United Nations publication sales No. 10.IX.3.
ECR112, 1999. "European commission report on radiological protection principles concerning the natural radioactivity of building materials", Radiat. Prot. 112.
Pourimani R., Asadpour F., 2016. "Determination of Specific Activities of Radionuclides in Soil and Their Transfer Factor from Soil to Bean and Calculation of Cancer Risk for Bean Consumption in Iran", Arak Medical University Journal (AMUJ), 19(107): 9-18.
Pourimani R., Mazloom Shahraki M., 2013."Influence of different soil's parameters on the penetration of 137Cs. Iranian Journal of Physics Research,13(3):213-218.
Hasan M. M., Ali I., Paul D., Haydar M.A., Islam S.M.A., 2014. "Natural Radioactivity and Assessment of Associated Radiation Hazards in Soil and Water Samples Collected from in and around of the Barapukuria 2× 125 MW Coal Fired Thermal Power Plant, Dinajpur, Bangladesh", Journal of Nuclear and Particle Physics,4(1): 17-24. doi:10.5923/j.jnpp.20140401.03
Mishra, U.C.,2004. "Environmental impact of coal industry and thermal power plant in india", J.Environ.Radioact.72:35-40.
Amin Y. M., Khandaker M.U., Shyen A.K.S., Mahat R.H., Nor R.M., Bradley D.A., 2013. "Radionuclide emissions from a coal-fired power plant", Applied Radiation and Isotopes 80:109–116.
Papastefanou C., 2010. "Escaping radioactivity from coal-fired power plants (CPPs) due to coal burning and the associated hazards: a review", Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 101(3): 191-200. doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2009.11.006
Duong,P.V.,Thanh, V.T., Dien P.Q., Binh N.T.,1995."Application of nuclear activation analysis(NAA) and low –level gamma counting to determine the radionuclide and trace element-pollutant releases from coal-fired power plant in Vietnam", Sci. Total Environ.173-174:339-334. Doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04757-3
Flues,M., Moraes, V., Mazzilli, B. P., 2002. "The influence of a coal-fired power plant operation on radionuclide concentrations in soil" Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 63:285–294.
Liu G., Luo Q., Ding M., Feng J., 2015. "Natural radionuclides in soil near a coal-fired power plant in the high background radiation area, South China", Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,187(6):356. Doi: 10.1007/s10661-015-4501-y.
Papp Z., Deso Z., DaroczyS., 2002."Significant radioactive contamination of soil around a coal fired thermal power plant", J.Environ.Radioact.59:191–205. Doi:10.1016/S0265-931X(01)00071-6
