بررسی مدیریت پسماند شهرخمارلودر تابستان سال 1393
محورهای موضوعی : بازیافتسید علیرضا موسوی 1 , عبداله درگاهی 2 , فرناز عزیزی 3
1 - استادیار گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه.
2 - گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اردبیل، اردبیل، ایران
3 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه(نویسنده مسئول).
کلید واژه: خمارلو, آنالیز فیزیکی, مدیریت پسماند,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه:افزایش میزان و تنوع پسماند تولیدی و عدم مدیریت صحیح آن،از مهم ترین معضلات جامعه بشری است.که نتیجه آن آلودگی محیط زیست و افزایش خطرات بهداشتی می باشد. لذا این مطالعه با هدف بررسی وضعیت مدیریت پسماند شهر خمارلو و ارائه راهکارهای مناسب در تابستان 1392 انجام گرفته است.مواد روش‌ها: این مطالعه بصورت توصیفی- مقطعی با بازدید میدانی از وضعیت مدیریت پسماند در سال 1393 در شهر خمالو انجام گرفت. به منظور تعیین مشخصات فیزیکی پسماند تولیدی در یک دوره 3 ماه (تیر، مرداد و شهریور) با بررسی در محل دفع پسماند شهر انجام گرفت. به دلیل کم بودن مقدار تولید روزانه پسماند شهری (یک کانتینر)، کل پسماند روزانه به عنوان نمونه در نظر گرفته شد. برای توزین از یک ترازوی 50 کیلوگرمی استفاده شد. برای تعیین دانسیته، زباله تولیدی را در ظرفی با حجم مشخص تخلیه، و از تقسیم وزن به حجم دانسیته پسماند ها بدست آمد.یافته‌ها:براساس نتایج تحقیق متوسط سرانه زباله تولیدی در این شهر در فصل تابستان02/2 می باشد. میانگین درصد وزنی مواد فساد پذیر 31/59، پلاستیک91/17، کاغذ 14/7، فلز 97/1، شیشه 58/3، منسوجات 09/3، چوب 87/3 و سایر 13/3 بدست آمد. میانگین وزن مخصوص3/358 شد. همچنین بیشترین درصد مواد آلی و کاغذ به ترتیب در مرداد و تیر ماه بودند.بحث ونتیجه‌گیری:با توجه به یافته ها 59% پسماند ها را موادتر و 41% مابقی را مواد خشک تشکیل می دهد. که شرایط برای اثرات نامطلوب زیست محیطی و بهداشتی مهیا می باشد. لذا آموزش همگانی برای کاهش حجم پسماند تولیدی با تأکید بر تفکیک در مبدأو در پی آن مدیریت صحیح پسماند توصیه می شود.
Introduction:Increase the amount, varietyandMismanagementof manufacturingwastehas been most importantsocietydifficult that are cause environmental pollutionandhealth risks.The purpose ofthisstudy was to evaluatethe current status of the quantity and qualityofwastekhomarloand exposure suitable solution in the summer of1392.Materials &Methods:Thisstudy wascross– sectional that with surveying waste management khomarlo cityperformed in summer 1392. Samplingand Physical analysisof waste,at3months (July, August andSeptember)were done,Eachmonth,three samples were selected for separation. Due to the low amount of municipal waste generated per day (one container), the total daily waste was selected .ByBalance weighing50kg were used.Todetermine thedensityof wasteina containermarkedwith volumedepletion, andwastedensitywas calculatedby dividingweightbyvolumeFindings:According toresearchthe average per capitawasteis 2.02 kg/capita-day inthe summer. Average weight ofputresciblematerials 59.31, plastic17.91, Paper 7.14, the metal 1.97, glass 3.58, textile 3.09,timber 3.87 and other items were 3.13. Averagedensitywas 358.3,Also most percent organicmaterials and paper were in AugustandJuly,respectively.Discussion& Conclusion: According to the findings,59% waste is wetand41% ofthe remainingwasteis drying.thatconditions tobeprovided foradverseenvironmental and health.Therefore,recommendedpublic education toreduce the volumeof waste produced, with emphasis on source separation andaccuratewaste management
1. A, Azizi A, Mohammadi M, Shamsi K, Motlagh Z, Mohammadi S, Amirian T, Beidaghi S. Assessment of solid waste management in hospitals and healthcare centers: A case study in Sari, Iran. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 2016;11(5):1078-84 (In persian).
2. UNEP GMA. 2002, United Nations Environment Programme. Chemicals, Geneva, Switzerland.
3. Ray, MR., Roychoudhury, S., Mukherjee, G., Roy, S., Lahiri, T. Respiratory and general health impairments of workers employed in a municipal solid waste disposal at an open landfill site in Delhi. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health. 2005;20;208(4):255-62.
4. Porta, D., Milani, S., Lazzarino, AI., Perucci, CA., Forastiere, F. Systematic review of epidemiological studies on health effects associated with management of solid waste. Environmental health. 2009;8(1):60.
5. Abedinzadeh, N., Abedinzadeh, F., Abedi, T. Study of Strategic Factors of Rasht City Solid Waste Management by SWOT Method and QSPM Matrix Formation. Journal of environmental studies. 2011; 37(57): 93-104. (In Persian)
6. Diaz, LF., Savage, GM., Eggerth, LL., Golueke, CG. Composting and recycling municipal solid waste. Lewis Publishers; 1993.
7. Alavi, S., Shamshiri, S., Pariz, Z., Dargahi, A., Mohamadi, M., Fathi, S., Amirian, T. Evaluating the palm leaves efficiency as a natural adsorbent for removing cadmium from aqueous solutions: Isotherm adsorption study. International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2016;8(2):13919-29.
8. Park, S. Factors influencing the citizen cost burden in managing the volume-based waste fee system in South Korea. Waste management. 2018;1;82:285-91.
9. Almasi, A., Dargahi, A. Study of quantitative and qualitative of produced waste in Razan. 13th National Conference on Environmental Health. Kerman. 2009. (In Persian)
10. Tseng, M-L.,2011, Importance–performance analysis of municipal solid waste management in uncertainty. Environmental monitoring and assessment.172(1-4), pp 171-87.
11. Kaseva, M., Mbuligwe, S., Kassenga, G., 2002. Recycling inorganic domestic solid wastes: results from a pilot study in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 35(4), pp 243-57.
12. wikipedia.org wKAC-wtfe. 2013.
13. Abdoli, MA. Jalili Ghazizadeh, M. Evaluation of Adaptation of Waste Management New Technologies in country. Journal of environmental studies. 2007; 33(42): 51-62. (In Persian)
14. Hassanvand, M., Nabizadeh, R., Heidari, M. Municipal solid waste analysis in Iran. ijhe. 2008; 1 (1) :9-18. (In Persian)
15. Zazouli, M A,, Belarak, D., Mahdavi, Y., Barafrashtehpour, M. A Quantitative and Qualitative Investigation of Tabriz Solid Waste. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2013; 22 (2) :86-90. (In Persian)
16. Sayyahzadeh, A., Samadi, M. Quantity and Quality Analysis of Malayer Municipal Solid Wastes from Autumn 2006 until Summer 2007. ijhe. 2009; 2 (2) :94-103. (In Persian)
17. Zarrabi, A., Mohammadi, J., Ahangari, Sh. An analysis of municipal solid waste management emphasizing on the recovering of waste (Case study: Boukan). Geography and Environmental planning. 2012;23(4):91-108. (In Persian)
18. Magrinho, A., Didelet, F., Semiao, V.,2006. Municipal solid waste disposal in Portugal. Waste Management, 26(12), pp 77-89.
19. Agarwal, A., Singhmar, A., 2005.Kulshrestha M, Mittal AK. Municipal solid waste recycling and associated markets in Delhi, India. Resources, Conservation and Recycling.;44(1):73-90.
20. Shuval, HI., Gunnerson, CG., 1981. Julius DS. Appropriate Technology forWater Supply and Sanitation: Night-soil Composting: Transportation, Water and Telecommunications Department, the World Bank
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1. A, Azizi A, Mohammadi M, Shamsi K, Motlagh Z, Mohammadi S, Amirian T, Beidaghi S. Assessment of solid waste management in hospitals and healthcare centers: A case study in Sari, Iran. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 2016;11(5):1078-84 (In persian).
2. UNEP GMA. 2002, United Nations Environment Programme. Chemicals, Geneva, Switzerland.
3. Ray, MR., Roychoudhury, S., Mukherjee, G., Roy, S., Lahiri, T. Respiratory and general health impairments of workers employed in a municipal solid waste disposal at an open landfill site in Delhi. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health. 2005;20;208(4):255-62.
4. Porta, D., Milani, S., Lazzarino, AI., Perucci, CA., Forastiere, F. Systematic review of epidemiological studies on health effects associated with management of solid waste. Environmental health. 2009;8(1):60.
5. Abedinzadeh, N., Abedinzadeh, F., Abedi, T. Study of Strategic Factors of Rasht City Solid Waste Management by SWOT Method and QSPM Matrix Formation. Journal of environmental studies. 2011; 37(57): 93-104. (In Persian)
6. Diaz, LF., Savage, GM., Eggerth, LL., Golueke, CG. Composting and recycling municipal solid waste. Lewis Publishers; 1993.
7. Alavi, S., Shamshiri, S., Pariz, Z., Dargahi, A., Mohamadi, M., Fathi, S., Amirian, T. Evaluating the palm leaves efficiency as a natural adsorbent for removing cadmium from aqueous solutions: Isotherm adsorption study. International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2016;8(2):13919-29.
8. Park, S. Factors influencing the citizen cost burden in managing the volume-based waste fee system in South Korea. Waste management. 2018;1;82:285-91.
9. Almasi, A., Dargahi, A. Study of quantitative and qualitative of produced waste in Razan. 13th National Conference on Environmental Health. Kerman. 2009. (In Persian)
10. Tseng, M-L.,2011, Importance–performance analysis of municipal solid waste management in uncertainty. Environmental monitoring and assessment.172(1-4), pp 171-87.
11. Kaseva, M., Mbuligwe, S., Kassenga, G., 2002. Recycling inorganic domestic solid wastes: results from a pilot study in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 35(4), pp 243-57.
12. wikipedia.org wKAC-wtfe. 2013.
13. Abdoli, MA. Jalili Ghazizadeh, M. Evaluation of Adaptation of Waste Management New Technologies in country. Journal of environmental studies. 2007; 33(42): 51-62. (In Persian)
14. Hassanvand, M., Nabizadeh, R., Heidari, M. Municipal solid waste analysis in Iran. ijhe. 2008; 1 (1) :9-18. (In Persian)
15. Zazouli, M A,, Belarak, D., Mahdavi, Y., Barafrashtehpour, M. A Quantitative and Qualitative Investigation of Tabriz Solid Waste. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2013; 22 (2) :86-90. (In Persian)
16. Sayyahzadeh, A., Samadi, M. Quantity and Quality Analysis of Malayer Municipal Solid Wastes from Autumn 2006 until Summer 2007. ijhe. 2009; 2 (2) :94-103. (In Persian)
17. Zarrabi, A., Mohammadi, J., Ahangari, Sh. An analysis of municipal solid waste management emphasizing on the recovering of waste (Case study: Boukan). Geography and Environmental planning. 2012;23(4):91-108. (In Persian)
18. Magrinho, A., Didelet, F., Semiao, V.,2006. Municipal solid waste disposal in Portugal. Waste Management, 26(12), pp 77-89.
19. Agarwal, A., Singhmar, A., 2005.Kulshrestha M, Mittal AK. Municipal solid waste recycling and associated markets in Delhi, India. Resources, Conservation and Recycling.;44(1):73-90.
20. Shuval, HI., Gunnerson, CG., 1981. Julius DS. Appropriate Technology forWater Supply and Sanitation: Night-soil Composting: Transportation, Water and Telecommunications Department, the World Bank
