ارزیابی آلودگی خروجی مزارع پرورش ماهی قزل¬آلا، (مطالعه موردی؛ چشمه سرداب اردل)
محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی های محیط زیست (آب، خاک و هوا)سحر امینیان 1 , رسول زمانی احمدمحمودی 2 , فرزانه نیکوخواه 3
1 - کارشناسی ارشد تکثیر و پرورش آبزیان، گروه شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استادیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.
کلید واژه: پساب مزارع پرورش ماهی, پایش, پارامتر¬های فیزیکی و شیمیایی, اردل.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: یکی از منابع آلودگی در رودخانه¬ها، تخلیه پساب حاصل از مزارع پرورش ماهی است که سبب کاهش کیفیت آب رودخانه¬ها جهت استفاده¬های گوناگون گردیده است. در این تحقیق تاثیر پساب کارگاه¬های پرورش ماهی قزل¬آلای رنگین کمان بر میزان پارامتر¬های فیزیکی و شیمیایی چشمه سرداب رستم¬آباد منطقه اردل بررسی شد. روش بررسی: به منظور ارزیابی آلودگی خروجی مزارع پرورش ماهی، پنج کارگاه پرورش ماهی قزل¬الا احداث شده در حاشیه چشمه سرداب انتخاب شد و در دو فصل تابستان و پاییز سال 1395 میزان پارامتر¬های فیزیکی و شیمیایی پساب مزارع قزل¬الا از جمله، pH، دما، اکسیژن محلول، هدایت الکتریکی، نیترات، آمونیاک، فسفات و کدورت مورد آنالیز قرار گرفتند. یافته¬ها: طبق نتایج به دست آمده بین مقادیر pH، دما، اکسیژن محلول، هدایت الکتریکی، آمونیاک، فسفات و کدورت در دو فصل تابستان و پاییز از لحاظ آماری اختلاف معنی داری وجود نداشت (05/0t-test , p>) در حالی که بین مقادیر نیترات در دو فصل تابستان و پاییز از لحاظ آماری اختلاف معنی داری وجود داشت (05/0, p< t-test). بحث و نتیجه گیری: به¬طور کلی میزان پارامتر¬های فیزیکی و شیمیایی در فصل تابستان در مقایسه با فصل پاییز بیش¬تر بود. افزايش در مقدار پارامتر¬هاي مورد بررسي در ماه¬هاي گرم احتمالاً به علت افزايش دما و كاهش دبي آب است، علاوه بر عوامل ذكرشده، افزايش فعاليت¬هاي سوخت و ساز و تراكم ماهی¬ها در اين فصل مي¬تواند باعث افزايش در مقدار پارامترهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی گردد.
Background and Objective: One of the sources of pollution in rivers is effluent discharge from fish farms, which decreases water quality for downstream usage. This study investigated the effects of trout farms’ effluent on the levels of physicochemical parameters in Sardab spring. Material and Methodology: To assess contamination from the effluent, five trout farms along the margin of the river were selected. In summer and autumn 2016, this study analyzed the levels of physicochemical parameters of trout farm effluent, such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, nitrate, ammonia, phosphate and turbidity. Findings: According to the obtained results, no significant differences were detected between pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, phosphate, and turbidity in the two seasons (t-test, p>0.05), but a significant difference between levels of nitrate was found in these time periods (t-test, p<0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: The overall level of physicochemical parameters in that summer was higher compared to autumn. The increase in the levels of the investigated parameters in warm weather is probably due to increased temperature and decreased discharge. Rapid population growth in the area of Ardal and the demand for protein foods makes monitoring of the levels of physicochemical parameters of fish farms necessary. In addition to the mentioned factors, increasing the metabolic activities and density of fish in this season can increase the amount of physical and chemical parameters.
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