بررسی کارکرد تحلیل شبکه اجتماعی در مدیریت ریسک با رویکرد ذینفعان (پروژه‌های مترو تهران)

محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات مدیریت شهری

هانی اربابی ¹ , ستاره ولی نواز ² , محمد حسین صبحیه ³

1 - استادیار، هیات علمی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، گروه مدیریت پروژه و ساخت (مسئول مکاتبات)
2 - دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت پروژه و ساخت، دانشگاه نربیت مدرس [e-mail]
3 - دانشیار، هیات علمی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، گروه مدیریت پروژه و ساخت [e-mail]

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/01/19 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/03/19 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/03/01

کلید واژه: مدیریت ریسک, ذی‌نفعان, تحلیل شبکه اجتماعی, پروژه ‌های مترو تهران,

چکیده مقاله :

مقدمه و هدف پژوهش: پروژه‌های مترو، شرایط پیچیده ای دارند که منجر به افزایش عدم‌قطعیت در آن‌ها می شود. شرایط غیرقابل‌پیش بینی پروژه‌های زیرزمینی، اندازه بزرگ پروژه، حجم عظیم سرمایه‌گذاری، زمان طولانی، ذی‌نفعان متعدد و روش‌های ساخت پیچیده، وجود ریسک‌های بالقوه را در این پروژه ها آشکار می سازد. با توجه به ذی‌نفعان مختلفی که درگیر پروژه های مترو هستند، الگوها و روابط اجتماعی این ذی نفعان، پدیده مدیریت ریسک را در این پروژه ها بیش از پیش پیچیده می سازد. با توجه به خلا دانشی موجود در این زمینه، محققان با اتخاذ رویکرد شبکه های اجتماعی، به تحلیل ریسک‌های ذی‌نفعان پروژه به‌عنوان عناصری به‌هم پیوسته که دارای روابط علت و معلولی هستند، پرداخته اند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، یافتن ریسک‌های بحرانی ذی‌نفعان به روش تحلیل شبکه اجتماعی در مدیریت ریسک ذی‌نفعان پروژه‌های مترو تهران است. روش پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر از نوع کیفی و با استراتژی مصاحبه می‌باشد. پس از جمع آوری داده‌ها توسط مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته، از 30 ذی‌نفع در شش دسته، با استفاده از نرم‌افزار تحلیل شبکه‌های اجتماعی، به تحلیل داده‌ها پرداخته شد و شبکه ریسک های ذی‌نفعان ترسیم شد. یافته‌ها: ریسک‌های انسانیمدیریتی، برنامه‌ریزی، مالی اقتصادی، قانونی و ریسک تاخیرات ساخت به‌عنوان ریسک‌های کلیدی شناخته شدند. نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به یافته‌های به‌دست آمده، چنین نتیجه‌گیری می‌شود که همیشه ریسک‌های مالی و اقتصادی، در اولویت ریسک‌های پروژه‌ها نیستند و باید به ریسک‌های انسانی و مدیریتی، در کنار دیگر ریسک‌ها توجه ویژه‌ای نمود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Introduction & Objective: Metro construction projects are typically complicated and associated with large uncertainties. Underground construction projects face characteristics like underground situations, the large size, large amount of funding,   various stakeholders, long project duration, and complicated construction techniques. As various stakeholders are involved in metro projects, the interaction among stakeholders lead to complicated risk management process in these type of projects. Therefore, we used social network analysis to investigate social risks related to metro construction projects, from a stakeholder perspective. Method: Using qualitative research approach and interview strategy, we gathered the data   from 30 stakeholders that classified in six stakeholder groups. The data were analyzed using social network analysis seawares and the social network of stakeholder’s risks were depicted. Results: Human-management, planning, financial-economic, legal, and project delays are the most critical risks in metro projects. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is concluded that financial and economic risks are not always prioritized over project risks, and special attention should be paid to human and managerial risks, along with other risks.  

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