تحلیل جامعه شناختی مصرف شبکه های اجتماعی مجازی در بین دانشجویان (مطالعه موردی دانشجویان دانشگاه تهران)
محورهای موضوعی :
مطالعات توسعه اجتماعی ایران
لیلا فتحی
1
(عضو هیات علمی گروه جامعه شناسی دانشگاه پیام نور، البرز، ایران (نویسنده مسئول))
علی رضا کلدی
2
(استادگروه جامعه شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم تحقیقات تهران ، ایران .)
باقر ساروخانی
3
(استاد گروه جامعه شناسی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران)
تاریخ دریافت : 1397/03/02
تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/02/21
تاریخ انتشار : 1398/11/01
کلید واژه:
تلگرام,
شبکه های اجتماعی,
سرمایه فرهنگی,
تمایل به خودافشایی,
سرمایه اجتماعی,
تمایل به گمنامی,
فضای مجازی,
چکیده مقاله :
ظهور فضای مجازی و گسترش استفاده از شبکه های اجتماعی در بین جوانان و دانشجویان، بر سبک زندگی و گذران وقت آنان تأثیر گذاشته است. بر این اساس این مقاله با هدف بررسی میزان استفاده، الگوی مصرف و عوامل مؤثر بر مصرف شبکه های اجتماعی مجازی در بین دانشجویان انجام یافته است. رویکرد تحقیق ترکیبی، روش تحقیق کمی و کیفی و ابزار جمع آوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه و مصاحبه است. جامعه آماری دانشجویان دانشگاه تهران است که بر اساس آن حجم نمونه به تعداد 350 نفر انتخاب شده است. شیوه نمونه گیری، از نوع احتمالی و طبقه ای سیستماتیک است. یافته های کیفی در خصوص انگیزه استفاده از شبکه های اجتماعی دانشجویان نشان داد سرگرمی و گذران وقت و کنار آمدن با تنهایی، جویای حال دوستان و آشنایان، در جریان اوضاع و احوال جامعه قرار گرفتن و دانلود مقاله و کتاب، به ترتیب مهم ترین انگیزه دانشجویان برای استفاده از شبکه های اجتماعی مجازی است الگوی مصرف شبکه های اجتماعی در بین بیش از 80 درصد از دانشجویان، تلگرام و اینستاگرام است. این وضعیت طبق رویکردهای نظری تحقیق به دلیل غنای رسانه ای و معاشرت پذیری بالا و امنیت بالای این شبکه ها برای حفظ اطلاعات کاربران است. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیونی و تحلیل مسیر متغیرها نشان می دهد از بین متغیرهای وارد شده در معادلات رگرسیونی، 5 متغیر) سن، درآمد، سرمایه فرهنگی، وضعیت اشتغال و خودافشایی (اثر مستقیم و 2 متغیر دیگر(مقطع تحصیلی و سرمایه اجتماعی) صرفاً به صورت غیرمستقیم بر میزان استفاده از شبکههای اجتماعی مجازی اثرگذار بوده اند. در مجموع، متغیرهای مستقل این تحقیق 31 درصد از تغییرات متغیر تابع یعنی میزان استفاده از شبکه های اجتماعی مجازی را تبیین نموده اند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
The emergence of cyberspace and the expansion of the use of social networks among young people and students have influenced their lifestyle and spending time. Accordingly, this paper aims at evaluating the amount of use, pattern of consumption and factors affecting the use of virtual social networks among students. Combined research approach, Quantitative and qualitative research method were used, and data gathering tools include questionnaires and interviews. The statistical population is the students of Tehran University, and the sample size is 350 people. The sampling method is systematic categorical and probabilistic. Qualitative findings about the motivation to use social networks of students showed that the motivations include: entertainment and spending the time, coping with solitude, greeting friends and acquaintances, following news, and downloading articles and books which are respectively the most important motivations of students to use virtual social networks. Over 80% of students use Telegram and Instagram. This situation, according to the theoretical framework of the research, is due to their high socialization and high level of security of these networks to protect users' information. The results of regression analysis and analysis of variables showed that among the variables introduced in the regression equations, 5 variables (age, income, cultural capital, employment status and sociability), directly affect and two other variables (academic grade and social capital) indirectly affect the use of virtual social networks. In general, the independent variables of this study explained 31% of the variation of the function, i.e., the amount of use of virtual social networks.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Turkel, S. (1997). Life on the Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet. New York: Simon and Schuster.
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Zulghadr, H. &, Iraqi Ghasemzadeh, M. (2013) 'motivations for using social media users ", Journal of Communication, 20 (3). [Persian]
Ziaee Parvar, H., Aghili., V. (2009) "The influence of social networks and virtual users in Iran", Quarterly Media, the twentieth year, No. 4 (80). [Persian]
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_||_
Aghanouri, S., (2011) "The motivation and the willingness of Internet users to join Facebook and its impact on social capital", the end of a graduate research in social communication, Islamic Azad University of Tehran.[Persian]
Aboueye, S, Camille friend., S, (2014) "Religious representation of local active users on the social network Google Plus." Journal of Culture and Media.[Persian]
Amirpur, M,. Grivani, M (2013) "The Effects of Social Networks on the Lifestyle of Young People." Journal of Law Enforcement North Khorasan, No. 3, pp. 39-33. .[Persian]
Abramson, G., Kuperman, M (2008)." Social games in a social network. Physical Review" E, 63 (3), 030901.
Abdollahian, H, &, Kermani, H. (2013), "Measuring social capital of Iranian users of social network Facebook" Research Quarterly culture, period 6, number 3, pages 26-1. [Persian]
Barkhuus, L., & Tashiro, J. (2010). Student socialization in the age of Facebook. In Proceedings of the 28th international conference on human factors in computing systems (p.133–142). New York: ACM Press.
Boyd, D.M., Ellison, N.B (2007)," Social network sites: definition, history, and scholarship", Journal of Computer Mediat. Commun. 13(1), article 11.
Castells, Manuel (2005), "Talks with Manuel Castells" (translated by Hasan Chavashian and Leila Joa Afshani). Tehran: Ney. [Persian]
Chen B., Marcus J., (2013) Students’ "self-presentation on Facebook: An examination of personality and self-construal factor, Computers in Human Behavior" 28, 2091–2099.
Chosunil, B. O.(2002). Korea number six internet use.Availableat:http:/www.chosum.com.
Dehghan, A.(2004), "Internet gambling", Journal of Iranian Society of Cultural Studies and Communication, Serial Number 2 and 3. [Persian]
DiMicco,j., Geyer, W., Millen, D R., Dugan., C., & Brownholtz., (2009). People sensemaking- and relationship building on enterprise social networking site.
Ellison, N. B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2009). The benefits of facebook ‘‘Friends’’: Social capital and college students’ use of online social network sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12(4), 1143–1168.
Fathi et al., (2014), "examine the role and impact of new media on lifestyle changes," Journal of Social Development Studies, Vol. VI, No. 2, pp. 115. 92. [Persian]
Fisher, A., Ardlz, S, Mac Kchny, Lee, (2009), "information behavior theories" turquoise Farashbandi translation and (Mohsen Haji and Ghulam Haider and Leila Zine El Abidine Maktabifard), First Edition, Tehran, publishing librarian. [Persian]
Farzaneh, S . Shahabuddin. R. (2015) "The Social Determinants of attitudes to social networks: Case study of secondary school students second period in Babol») Journal of participation and social development, the first year, the number one. . [Persian]
Holmes, David ،( 2001) ،" Communication theory" ، media ، technology and society London and New York Whittaker" Jason 200 The cyberspace Routledge handbook .
Jordan, B. (2009). Blurring Boundaries: The "Real" and the Virtual" in Hybrid Spaces. Human Organization, 68 (2): 181-193.
Kia, A,. Nouri Moradabad, Y. (2011), "factors associated with students on social networking site Facebook 'Culture Communication Studies Quarterly, Vol. XIII, No. 17. [Persian]
Khaniki, C. Babaei, M. (2011), "The Impact of the Internet mechanism, the interaction patterns Iranian cyber activists", Quarterly Journal of Social Sciences. No. 56. [Persian]
khajeh Nzhadyan, A. (2011) "Role of Facebook in your married life member of the Iranian married." Tehran articles First National Congress of cyberspace and social problems emerging. [Persian]
Khodayari, K. et al. (2014) "and the use of social networks (Case Study: Mashhad Azad University)," Journal of Communication, twenty-one years, consecutive No. 1. 77.[Persian]
Kraut Robert, Kiesler Sara, Boneva Bonka,(2001), Internet Paradox Revisited, Journal of Social Issues.
Kim, J., LaRose, R., & Peng,W.(2011). Loneliness as the cause and the effect of problematic internet use: The relationship between internet use and psychological well-being. Cyber Psychology & Behavior, 12(4), 451-455.
Katz, J. E. & Aspden, P. (1997). "A nation of strangers? Communications of the ACM", 40(12), 81-86.
Lenhart, A., Madden, M., MacGill, A. R., & Smith, A. (2015). The use of social media gains a greater foothold in teen life as they embrace the conversational nature of interactive online media. PEW Internet & American Life Projekt. Online verfügbar unter: http:// www. pewinternet. org/pdfs/PIP_Teens_Social_Media_Final. pdf, Stand, 23(4).37-46.
McCoyle, Denis, (2009) "Revenue to the theory of collective communication", translation by Parviz Ejlali, Ministry of Culture and Guidance publications of the Media Studies and Research Center. [Persian]
Memar, S, et.al. (2012), Virtual Social Networks and Identity Crisis (with an Emphasis on the Identity Crisis of Iran), Social Studies and Research in Iran, Volume 1, Issue 4, pp. 155-176 . [Persian]
Moeedfar, S, Habibpour, K, .&, ghnji, A. (2010), "The factors affecting Internet use pattern of communication among teenagers and young adults in Tehran", Journal of Sociology, Vol. III, No. 1. [Persian]
Moradi, S., et al.( 2014), "motivated by the use of virtual networks", Journal of Culture at the Islamic University, during 4 No. 10 Sfhat95-118. [Persian]
Mirowsky, J. & Ross, C. E. (1989). "Social causes of psychological distress". Hawthorne, NY: Aldine De Gruyter
Miller, H. (1995). The Presentation of Self in the Electronic Life, Nottingham: Trent University.
Noghani, M,.et.al. (2014), "the virtual space and identity", Journal of cultural and social development, the first year, No.2.[Persian]
Nazan Dogruer., Ipek Menevis., & Ramadan Eyyam.(2014). What is the motivation for using Facebook?.Procedia Social and Behavior Ccienco. 15, 2642–2646
Obrien, L. V.; H. L. Berry. & A. Hogan. (2012). "The Structure of Psychological Life Satisfaction: Insights from Farmers and a General Community" Sample in Australia. Retervied from http://biomedcentral.com,12, 976: 1471-1475.
Oswald, D and L, Brker (2010), "Sheness and Online Social Networking Services", Marquette University, USA, Journal of personal Relationships, 27(7).
Pasek, J., More, E., & Hargittai, E. (2010), Facebook and Academic performance: Reconciling a Media Sensation With Data First Monday, 14(4).
Pempek, T., & et al. (2009), “College students' social networking experiences on Facebook”, Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, Vol. 30, pp: 227–238.
Qian, M., et. al,. (1394) "Analysis of the role and use of social networks for students" Teaching and Learning Technology Journal, the first year No.3. [Persian]
Soltani, A. (2007), "The relationship between the use of social networks and social identity among students") Case Management Students Islamic Azad University, Ilam), Journal of Culture Elam, Volume XVI No. 50- 51. [Persian]
Seidman, S. (2007). "Contention votes in sociology", translation( Hadi Jalili), Tehran: Reed Publishing. [Persian]
Shah Qasim, E. (2006) "A review of the impact of cyberspace on communication theory" Journal of Iranian Society of Cultural Studies and Communication, Serial 2 and 3. [Persian]
Seraji, Farhad, Habibzadeh Ashab, Sharifi Rahmono, Saeed (2017), "The motivation of using high school students from socialvirtual networks, the chapter on cultural studies-communication, eighteenth century, issue 39. [Persian]
Tavassoly, A, Jalalvand .E. (2015), "The use of the Internet and the tendency to self-reported" journal Social Psychological Studies, female, under 13, Issue 4 . [Persian]
Thompson, J. (2014), "The media and modernity." Translate ( M. Owhadi, Tehran: Soroush). . [Persian]
Turkel, S. (1997). Life on the Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Yazdkhasti, et.al. (2013), "Analysis of the content of the pages and social network Facebook with the idea of public sphere Habermas", Journal of Social Studies and Research in period 2, No. 1, pp. 110-86. [Persian]
Zokaei, M. S. &, khatibi, F. (2006) "Internet and changing identity: professional research among young users" cultural studies and communication. second year. The number 7. [Persian]
Zokaei, M. S. &, Hassani, M. 2017) "social networks and lifestyle of young adults: meta-analysis of previous studies", Journal of the socio-cultural strategy, Issue twenty-second. [Persian]
Zulghadr, H. &, Iraqi Ghasemzadeh, M. (2013) 'motivations for using social media users ", Journal of Communication, 20 (3). [Persian]
Ziaee Parvar, H., Aghili., V. (2009) "The influence of social networks and virtual users in Iran", Quarterly Media, the twentieth year, No. 4 (80). [Persian]
Zamani, Abbas, Taghipour, Faezeh (2017), "Identifying the Factors of the Attraction of Mobile Social Networks from Users' Perspectives". Journal of Cultural Community Studies, Research Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Eighth Year, No.2. [Persian]
