شناسایی و تحلیل ذی‌نفعان سازمان غذا و داروی وزارت بهداشت با استفاده از تکنیک دیمتل
محورهای موضوعی : -مدارک پزشکی
زین العابدین شیخ بگلو
1
,
کاوه تیمورنژاد
2
,
حسن گیوریان
3
,
یدالله عباسزاده سهرون
4
1 - دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت دولتی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - دانشیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
4 - استادیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، واحد خوی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خوی، ایران
کلید واژه: مشارکت, سازمان غذا و داروی ایران, خط‌مشی‌گذاری عمومی, ذی‌نفعان,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: پژوهش حاضر، به منظور ارتقاء عقلانیت خط‌مشی‌گذاری عمومی‌از طریق مشارکت ذی‌نفعان در تدوین خط‌مشی‌های عمومی‌صورت گرفته است. بر این اساس، سؤال از چیستی الگوی عوامل مؤثر بر مشارکت ذی‌نفعان در فرایند تدوین خط‌مشی‌های عمومی‌در سازمان غذا و داروی وزارت بهداشت، درمان و آموزش پزشکی، مسأله اصلی این پژوهش بوده است. روش پژوهش: تحقیق حاضر پژوهش آمیخته به صورت کیفی-کمی‌می‌باشد. در ابتدا از طریق مصاحبه، ذی‌نفعان سازمان غذا و داروی ایران شناسایی گردید. در گام دوم تحلیل، از طریق روش دیمتل به 18 نفر از خبرگان حوزه خط‌مشی‌گذاری عمومی، مدیران و کارشناسان شاغل در سازمان غذا و داروی ایران مراجعه شد که در نتیجه آن رابطه ذی‌نفعان با یکدیگر و شدت اثر آنها بر هم مشخص گردید. یافته‌ها: 16 مورد از ذی‌نفعان سازمان غذا و داروی ایران شناسایی شد که نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که از نظر تأثیرگذاری و تأثیرپذیری (D-R) هیات دولت با مقدار 0.906 به عنوان تأثیرگذارترین ذی‌نفع و مصرف کننده نهایی با مقدار 1.971- تأثیرپذیرترین ذی‌نفع در بین ذی‌نفعان است و هم‌چنین از لحاظ میزان اهمیت ذی‌نفعان (D+R)، وزارت بهداشت با مقدار 5.322 بیشترین و سازمان‌های بیمه‌گر با مقدار 3.216 کمترین اهمیت را دارند. نتیجه‌گیری: با مشخص شدن ذی‌نفعان با اهمیت و تاثیرگذار مانند وزارت بهداشت و هیات دولت و هم‌چنین ذی‌نفعان تاثیرپذیر مثل مصرف کننده نهایی و با در نظر گرفتن رابطه ذی‌نفعان با یکدیگر و شدت اثر هرکدام از آنها مبنای عمل خط‌مشی‌گذاران جهت جلب مشارکت ذی‌نفعان در نظام خط‌مشی‌گذاری عمومی‌سازمان غذا و داروی ایران قرار می‌گیرد.
Introduction: This study was conducted to promote the rationality of public policy-making through stakeholder participation in the codification of public policies. Accordingly, the main issue of study is the pattern of factors affecting the stakeholder’s participation in the process of public policy codification in the Iranian Food and Drug Administration of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Methods: This study is qualitative-quantitative research. At first, the stakeholders of (IFDA) were identified through interviews. Then, 18 experts in public policymaking, managers, and experts working in the (IFDA) were interviewed by using the DEMATEL method, as a result of which the relationship between the stakeholders and the severity of their effects on each other was determined. Results: 16 stakeholders of (IFDA) were identified. The results show that in terms of effectiveness and impressibility (D-R) of the governing board with a value of 0.906 was the most influential beneficiary and final consumer with a value of -1.971 was the most impressible stakeholder and also, in terms of the importance of stakeholders (D + R), the Ministry of Health, with the value of 5.322 has the most importance and insurance organizations with the value of 3.216 have the least importance. Conclusion: By considering the important stakeholders such as the Ministry of Health and the governing board, as well as influential stakeholders such as the final consumer, and by considering the relationship and intensity of stakeholders with each other, the basis of policymakers to involve stakeholders in the policy-making of (IFDA) has been set.
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2- Buse K, Mays N, Walt G. Making health policy. McGraw-hill education (UK); 2012 May 1.
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4- Mays, N., Buse, K., Walt, G., & NetLibrary, I.Making health policy, New York: Open University Press; 2013.
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6- Daneshfard, K. The Process of public policy making, 1st edition, Islamic Azad University publishing co., Science & Research Branch; 2010. [In Persian]
7- Loborg M. Exploring understandings of quality: A study of stakeholder definitions in a university’s internal quality assurance system; 2019.
8- Lehtinen J, Aaltonen K, Rajala R. Stakeholder management in complex product systems: Practices and rationales for engagement and disengagement. Industrial marketing management, 2019 May 1; 79: 58-70.
9- Benard, M. K, Raphael, O. N, Dorothy, K. N. In Search for an Alternative Stakeholder-Participation Model. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2017; 7: 124-138
10- Pedrini M, Ferri LM. Stakeholder management: a systematic literature review. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society; 2019 Feb 4.
11- Langeveld K, Stronks K, Harting J. Use of a knowledge broker to establish healthy public policies in a city district: a developmental evaluation. BMC Public Health, 2016; 16(1): 271.
12- Pujiyono B, Kismartini TY, Dwimawanti IH. Stakeholder Analysis on Tourism Collaborative Governance in Tanjung Lesung Tourism, Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province, Indonesia.
13- Danaei Fard, H; Saghafi, E.; Moshabaki Esfahani,APublic Policy Implementation: Explaining theRole of Rationality in Policy Formulation. Management Research in Iran, 2011; 14(4): 79-106. [In Persian]
14- Baldwin E, Rountree V, Jock J. Distributed resources and distributed governance: Stakeholder participation in demand side management governance. Energy Research & Social Science, 2018; 39: 37-45.
15- Brezovar, N. Early Stakeholder Engagement for Better Regulation of the Ngo Sector-Positive Experience from Slovenia. 2019, paper for the 27th NISPAcee Annual Conference. Available at: https://www.nispa.org/files/conferences/2019/e-proceedings/system_files/papers/stakeholder-engagement-brezovar.pdf
16- Bernadette B, Moffett S, McAdam R. Co-creating value through stakeholder engagement and knowledge co-creation in networked NGO services. InCo-creating value through stakeholder engagement and knowledge co-creation in networked NGO services 2019 Mar 18 (pp. 1-10). The 6th EurOMA Sustainable Operations and Supply Chains Forum.
17- Mosadeghrad AM, Rahimi-Tabar P. Health system governance in Iran: A comparative study. RJMS, 2019; 26(9): 10-28. [In Persian]
18- Goldar Z, Amiri M, Golipor R, Moazzami M. Design a conceptual framework for stakeholder engagement in public policy-making The Journal of Auditing knowledge, 2017; 66: 81-105. [In Persian]
19- Matsuda R. International Profiles of Health Care Systems: The Japanese Health Care System, the Commonwealth Fund; 2017
20- Asgharpour M.J, Multi criteria decision making, fourth ed., Tehran University Press; 2009: 456. [In Persian]
21- Alinezhad, A. simiari, K. 'A Hybrid Method for Project Selection by Using DEMATEL/DEA', Industrial Management Studies, 2013; 11(28): 41-60. [In Persian]
22- Lee, Hsuan-Shih, Gwo-Hshiung Tzeng, Weichung Yeih, Yu-Jie Wang, Shing-Chih Yang (2013), “Revised DEMATEL: Resolving the Infeasibility of DEMATEL”, Applied Mathematical Modelling; 2013: 6746–6757.
23- Ebrahimi A, baki hashemi Mm. Applying Interpretive- Structural Modelling to Review Priorities of Health Reform Plan: Evidence-based policy making. Journal of Health Administration, 2019; 22(3): 9-27. [In Persian]
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1- Collins C, Green A, Hunter D. Health sector reform and the interpretation of policy context. Health policy, 1999; 47(1): 69-83.
2- Buse K, Mays N, Walt G. Making health policy. McGraw-hill education (UK); 2012 May 1.
3- Shahri S, Tabibi S J, Nasiripour A A, Ghaffari F. Effect Functions on Goals of Health System in Iran. Payavard, 2017; 11(3): 247-258. [In Persian]
4- Mays, N., Buse, K., Walt, G., & NetLibrary, I.Making health policy, New York: Open University Press; 2013.
5- Danaei Fard, H; Hoseini, S.Y; Fani, A. Public policy making capacity : a clue to development; 1st edition; Tehran, Saffar publishing co; 2013. [In Persian]
6- Daneshfard, K. The Process of public policy making, 1st edition, Islamic Azad University publishing co., Science & Research Branch; 2010. [In Persian]
7- Loborg M. Exploring understandings of quality: A study of stakeholder definitions in a university’s internal quality assurance system; 2019.
8- Lehtinen J, Aaltonen K, Rajala R. Stakeholder management in complex product systems: Practices and rationales for engagement and disengagement. Industrial marketing management, 2019 May 1; 79: 58-70.
9- Benard, M. K, Raphael, O. N, Dorothy, K. N. In Search for an Alternative Stakeholder-Participation Model. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2017; 7: 124-138
10- Pedrini M, Ferri LM. Stakeholder management: a systematic literature review. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society; 2019 Feb 4.
11- Langeveld K, Stronks K, Harting J. Use of a knowledge broker to establish healthy public policies in a city district: a developmental evaluation. BMC Public Health, 2016; 16(1): 271.
12- Pujiyono B, Kismartini TY, Dwimawanti IH. Stakeholder Analysis on Tourism Collaborative Governance in Tanjung Lesung Tourism, Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province, Indonesia.
13- Danaei Fard, H; Saghafi, E.; Moshabaki Esfahani,APublic Policy Implementation: Explaining theRole of Rationality in Policy Formulation. Management Research in Iran, 2011; 14(4): 79-106. [In Persian]
14- Baldwin E, Rountree V, Jock J. Distributed resources and distributed governance: Stakeholder participation in demand side management governance. Energy Research & Social Science, 2018; 39: 37-45.
15- Brezovar, N. Early Stakeholder Engagement for Better Regulation of the Ngo Sector-Positive Experience from Slovenia. 2019, paper for the 27th NISPAcee Annual Conference. Available at: https://www.nispa.org/files/conferences/2019/e-proceedings/system_files/papers/stakeholder-engagement-brezovar.pdf
16- Bernadette B, Moffett S, McAdam R. Co-creating value through stakeholder engagement and knowledge co-creation in networked NGO services. InCo-creating value through stakeholder engagement and knowledge co-creation in networked NGO services 2019 Mar 18 (pp. 1-10). The 6th EurOMA Sustainable Operations and Supply Chains Forum.
17- Mosadeghrad AM, Rahimi-Tabar P. Health system governance in Iran: A comparative study. RJMS, 2019; 26(9): 10-28. [In Persian]
18- Goldar Z, Amiri M, Golipor R, Moazzami M. Design a conceptual framework for stakeholder engagement in public policy-making The Journal of Auditing knowledge, 2017; 66: 81-105. [In Persian]
19- Matsuda R. International Profiles of Health Care Systems: The Japanese Health Care System, the Commonwealth Fund; 2017
20- Asgharpour M.J, Multi criteria decision making, fourth ed., Tehran University Press; 2009: 456. [In Persian]
21- Alinezhad, A. simiari, K. 'A Hybrid Method for Project Selection by Using DEMATEL/DEA', Industrial Management Studies, 2013; 11(28): 41-60. [In Persian]
22- Lee, Hsuan-Shih, Gwo-Hshiung Tzeng, Weichung Yeih, Yu-Jie Wang, Shing-Chih Yang (2013), “Revised DEMATEL: Resolving the Infeasibility of DEMATEL”, Applied Mathematical Modelling; 2013: 6746–6757.
23- Ebrahimi A, baki hashemi Mm. Applying Interpretive- Structural Modelling to Review Priorities of Health Reform Plan: Evidence-based policy making. Journal of Health Administration, 2019; 22(3): 9-27. [In Persian]
