بررسی دلایل عدم توفیق تفکرات فمینیسمی درتاثیر بنیادی بر معماری
محورهای موضوعی : معماری
1 - استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شبستر، شبستر، ایران
کلید واژه: Philosophy, Feminism, فمینیسم, معماری عام, معماری خاص, فلسفه عام, فلسفه خاص, General architecture, Particular architecture,
چکیده مقاله :
مبنای جامعه شناسی نظریه است و نظریه ها نگاه انسان به جهان را می سازند. اگرچه فمینیسم یا جنبش برابرى طلبى زنان را به دلیل اینکه نظریه ای واحد نبوده و فمینیست ها در مورد شیوه های توضیح فرودستی زنان یا راه های رهایی آنها هم عقیده نیستند نمى توان یک نظریه یا جهان بینی به حساب آورد، اما نفوذ تفکرات فمنیستی در حوزه معمارى که همزمان با موج دوم این جنبش، اواخردهه 1970 ، شروع شد را نمى توان نادیده گرفت. هدف مقاله ضمن پرداختن به نظریه هاى فمینیستى وتبیین نکات مشترک ومتفاوت این نظریه ها، بیان خواستگاه و حلقه اتصالى و حوزه نفوذ تفکرات این جنبش که واجد عمرى کمتر از سه دهه است در حیطه معمارى بوده و است لذا هدف کمک در عرصه نظرى به تحقیقاتى است که در این زمینه صورت مى گیرد. نتایج مطالعات بیان کننده دلایل عدم موفقیت تاثیر گذار و فراگیر مفاهیم این جنبش در معمارى است.
The base of sociology is theory and theory makes human’ s viewpoint of the world .Feminism is a movement for earning women rights like suffrage in the world. history of anthropology of feminism has been divided to three waves;1850-1920 first wave,1920-1980 second wave and 1980 up to now is third wave.on the other hand its’division has four main parts,liberal feminism,radical feminism,social feminism and Marxism feminism. in resent years Islamic feminism appeare too, perhaps Egypt is first Islamic country that feminism opinion is being prevalence. Although feminism , that has been appeared since thirty years ago, could not be recognized as a theory, because of its’ dispersal sights and its’ belivers difference ideas about women rights and them freedom ways too, but we should be remember its’ prevalence in architectural domain contenporaneou second wave of this movement. It is so important that feminism has criticism in islam and it is not acceptable by religious customs or traditions,as will be explained inside body of paper. in this article at first feminism will be identify then determaine feminism ideas and compare them by means of argue their commones and differences in theirs tenets. this research implement survey of ancient texts as Vitruvius- Ten books of architecture- and Filarete- Treatist on architecture- , also Diana agrest-Architecture from whitout(1993)- and Dolores heden- Introduction:Gender,Space,Architecture(Rendell,2000) from contemporary era. Vitruvius and Filarete in their texts explain by causes that between body of male and femal in architecture, male body is the sutiable scale for static and elegance of buliding.on the other hand Diana Agrset say:”logocentrism and anthropomorphism are underlying the system of architecture since Vitruvius,then read and rewritten in Renaissance and through the modern movement”. in her paper -Architecture from without:body,logic and sex- she continue:”the body of texts and rules developed in the Renaissance that,as a reading of the classics,established the foundations for western architecture,which I call the system of architecture.” Articles’ target is try to argument offspring and representation of conjunction between feminism and architecture and try to determine feminisim ideas’ relations to architecture wherefore help other researches in the same theme.In architecture sphere our focus is on Jacques Derrida and Delouse. It clear to us that situation of connection between feminism and architecture is ignoring dualism by Derrida.his idea about dualism from past and ignore it ,also his resoanes provide sutiable context for liberal feminists to protest sphered spaces like public and privet space in architecture that say women belong only privet and inside spaces and this kind of spaces are not important as same as other spaces. Articles’ research methodology is descriptive and is being use of library sources for data collection.finaly we have to divide philosophic and architecture in four part, general philosophic,special philosophic, general architecture and special architecture. Indicate that they have direct relative, as General philosophic creative general architecture and special philosophic crative special architecture. Main probleim is situation between special philosophic and general architecture. Results argue that feminism has unsuccessful fundamental in architecture because it could not produce a general architecture.
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