تأثیر تاریخ کاشت بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و برخی صفات زراعی دو رقم سویا در منطقه اردبیل

محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي

سید سجاد موسوی ¹

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تاریخ دریافت : 1389/08/01 تاریخ پذیرش : 1390/04/20 تاریخ انتشار : 1389/04/10

کلید واژه: : اقلیم سردسیر, درصد روغن, عملکرد بیولوژیک.,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور بررسی اثرات تاریخ های مختلف کاشت بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و برخی صفات زراعی ارقام سویا، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اردبیل در سال 1388 به مرحله اجرا درآمد. در این آزمایش فاکتور اول تاریخ کاشت، در چهار سطح ( 6، 15، 25 خرداد و 5 تیر) و فاکتور دوم شامل رقم ویلیامز و لاین L17 بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که بین ارقام مورد ارزیابی از نظر کلیه صفات اختلاف معنی داری وجود ندارد، این در حالی است که بین تاریخ های مختلف کاشت از نظر کلیه صفات مورد مطالعه به جز تعداد دانه در هر غلاف اختلاف معنی داری وجود داشت. همچنین اثر متقابل تاریخ کاشت با رقم برای همه صفات مورد مطالعه معنی دار نبود. تاریخ های کاشت 6 و 15 خرداد از نظر صفات ارتفاع بوته، عملکرد زیستی، درصد روغن (5/18و 98/15) و وزن صددانه (5/13و 36/12 گرم) دریک گروه قرار گرفتند. همچنین صفات مذکور در تاریخ های کاشت بیان شده بیشترین مقادیر را دارا بودند. از نظر عملکرد نهایی ( 2227 کیلو گرم در هکتار)، تعداد گره در بوته و تعداد غلاف در بوته تاریخ کاشت 6 خرداد بالاترین مقدار را دارا بود. نتایج به دست آمده نشان می دهد در منطقه اردبیل با تاخیر در کاشت سویا به دلیل برخورد با شرایط نامناسب، گیاه به پتانسیل بالقوه خود نمی رسد و عملکرد کاهش می یابد. از این رو تاریخ کاشت 6 خرداد برای کاشت سویا در اقلیم سردسیر اردبیل مناسب تر است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

To study the effects of different planting time on yield, yield components and some of agronomic traits of soybean varieties, an experiment was conducted as factorial on the basis of completely randomized block design at three replications in Agricultural Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Ardabil branch in 2009. The first factor in this experiment was planting time in four levels (27 May, 5, 15 and 26 June) and the second factor involved varieties of Williams and L17 Line. Experiment results showed that differences between varieties were not significant for all traits, while there were significant differences between planting times for all traits except grain number per pod. Also interaction of planting date × varieties was not significant for all of traits. Planting dates of (27 May and 5 Jun) were placed in a single class for plant height, biological yield, oil percentage (18/5 and 15/98), 100 grain weight (13/5 and12.36 gr). Also, the mentioned traits had the highest values in those planting dates. planting date of 27 May had the highest values for final yield (2227 kg/ha ), nod number per plant and pod number per plant. Results of this research, indicated that plant could not get its potentiality. Because, they lacked suitable time for growth and this subject cause to reduce in yield. Therefore, the planting date of 27 May was recommended for Ardabil cold climate.

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