نقش شایستگی دیجیتال در بهبود و عملکرد کارایی فرایندهای گمرک جمهوری اسلامی ایران: مطالعه تطبیقی
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت عملیات
شوانه عبدالهی
1
,
ماهرخ لطف اللهی حقی
2
,
رسول رنجبریان
3
,
کامران سرهنگی
4
1 - گروه مدیریت، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، ارومیه، ايران.
2 - گروه مدیریت، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، ارومیه، ايران
3 - گروه مدیریت، واحد شاهین دژ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شاهین دژ، ایران
4 - گروه مدیریت، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، ارومیه، ايران
کلید واژه: شایستگی دیجیتال, گمرک, کارایی سازمانی, تحول دیجیتال, مطالعه تطبیقی,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش شایستگی دیجیتال در بهبود کارایی فرایندهای گمرک جمهوری اسلامی ایران و ارائه توصیههای کاربردی بر اساس مطالعه تطبیقی با چهار کشور پیشرو شامل سنگاپور، کره جنوبی، استرالیا و امارات متحده عربی انجام شد. روش پژوهش کیفی و مبتنی بر مطالعه اسنادی بود. دادهها از منابع رسمی گمرکی، گزارشهای بینالمللی، مقالات علمی و مستندات دولتهای منتخب جمعآوری شد و با استفاده از الگوی چهارمرحلهای جرج بردی شامل توصیف، تفسیر، همجواری و نتیجهگیری تحلیل شدند. یافتهها نشان داد که کشورهای مورد مطالعه با بهرهگیری از یکپارچگی فرآیندها، پنجره واحد ملی، اتوماسیون کامل، هوش مصنوعی، تحلیل دادههای بزرگ و فناوری بلاکچین توانستهاند کارایی فرایندهای گمرکی را به میزان قابل توجهی افزایش دهند، زمان ترخیص کالا کاهش یابد و رضایت مشتریان ارتقا یابد. بهویژه، شایستگی دیجیتال کارکنان در استفاده هدفمند از این فناوریها نقش کلیدی در بهبود سرعت، دقت و مدیریت ریسک دارد. بر اساس نتایج، پیشنهاد میشود گمرک ایران با توسعه پنجره واحد ملی، آموزش مستمر کارکنان، بهرهگیری از هوش مصنوعی و تحلیل داده، و پیادهسازی فناوری بلاکچین، کارایی فرایندها و رضایت ذینفعان را بهبود بخشد.
This study aimed to examine the role of digital competence in enhancing the efficiency of customs processes in the Islamic Republic of Iran and to provide practical recommendations based on a comparative study of four leading countries: Singapore, South Korea, Australia, and the United Arab Emirates. A qualitative documentary research approach was employed, collecting data from official customs reports, international publications, academic articles, and government documents. The analysis was conducted using George Berdie’s four-stage framework, including description, interpretation, adjacency, and conclusion. Findings revealed that studied countries significantly improved customs efficiency, reduced clearance times, and enhanced customer satisfaction through process integration, national single window systems, full automation, artificial intelligence, big data analytics, and blockchain technology. Digital competence of employees played a critical role in utilizing these technologies to enhance speed, accuracy, and risk management. Based on the findings, it is recommended that Iran Customs implement a national single window, provide continuous digital competence training, leverage AI and data analytics, and adopt blockchain technology to improve operational efficiency and stakeholder satisfaction.
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