نقش واسطه‌ای همنشینی با همسالان در ارتباط بین نظارت والدین و رفتارهای پرخطر دختران ورزشکار
مهسا ایزدجو
1
(
کارشناسی ارشد رشته روان شناسی عمومی، گروه روان شناسی، دانشکده روان شناسی و علوم تربیتی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران.
)
امید کریمی پور
2
(
دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران
)
کلید واژه: نظارت والدینی, همنشینی با همسالان, رفتارهای پرخطر, دختران ورزشکار نوجوان,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده
مقدمه و هدف: نوجوانی مرحله‌ای حساس از رشد است که در آن تغییرات شناختی، هیجانی و اجتماعی به اوج می‌رسد. در این دوره، تعامل با همسالان و سبک‌های فرزندپروری والدین می‌تواند در شکل‌گیری یا پیشگیری از رفتارهای پرخطر نقشی اساسی ایفا کند. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش واسطه‌ای همنشینی با همسالان در ارتباط میان نظارت والدین و رفتارهای پرخطر در بین دختران ورزشکار نوجوان بود.
روش شناسی پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفیـ همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه دختران ورزشکار 12 تا 18 سال شهر شیراز در سال 1403 بود که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای، 150 نفر انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای گردآوری داده‌ها شامل پرسشنامه نظارت والدینی و پرسشنامه روابط با همسالان بود. داده‌ها در نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 23 تحلیل شدند.
یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد مراقبت والدین با کاهش رفتارهای پرخطر رابطه دارد (β = -0.319, p < .01) در حالی‌که حمایت افراطی والدین با افزایش این رفتارها مرتبط است (β = 0.268, p < .01). همچنین نظارت والدینی پیش‌بین منفی و معنادار رفتارهای پرخطر بود (β = -0.354, p < .01). همنشینی با همسالان به‌عنوان عاملی خطرزا شناسایی شد (β = 0.287, p < .01) و نقش واسطه‌ای آن در هر دو مدل تأیید گردید.
بحث و نتیجهگیری: یافتهها نشان می‌دهد مراقبت و نظارت والدینی نقش محافظتی دارند، اما حمایت افراطی و روابط ناسالم با همسالان می‌توانند احتمال رفتارهای پرخطر را افزایش دهند. بر این اساس، تعامل مثبت والدین و نظارت آگاهانه بر شبکه دوستان نوجوانان می‌تواند عاملی مؤثر در پیشگیری از گرایش به رفتارهای پرخطر، به‌ویژه در دختران ورزشکار، باشد.
چکیده انگلیسی :
Introduction: Adolescence is a critical developmental stage characterized by peak cognitive, emotional, and social changes. During this period, interactions with peers and parenting styles play a crucial role in shaping or preventing risky behaviors. The present study aimed to examine the mediating role of peer affiliation in the relationship between parental monitoring and risky behaviors among adolescent female athletes.
research methodology: This correlational-descriptive study was conducted on 150 female athletes aged 12 to 18 in Shiraz, Iran, in 2024. A multistage cluster sampling method was used. Data were collected using the Parental Monitoring Questionnaire and the Peer Relations Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 23, employing Pearson correlation, hierarchical regression, and bootstrap mediation analysis.
Findings: The findings indicated that parental care negatively predicted risky behaviors (β = -0.319, p < .01), whereas overprotective parenting was positively associated with these behaviors (β = 0.268, p < .01). Parental monitoring also showed a significant negative effect on risky behaviors (β = -0.354, p < .01). Peer affiliation was identified as a risk factor (β = 0.287, p < .01) and was confirmed as a mediator in both models.
Conclusion: : The results suggest that parental care and effective monitoring serve protective roles against risky behaviors, while overprotective parenting and unhealthy peer relationships may increase the likelihood of such behaviors. Therefore, positive parental engagement combined with informed supervision of adolescents’ peer networks can be an effective strategy for preventing risky behaviors, particularly among female athletes.
1. Veenstra R, Laninga-Wijnen L. The prominence of peer interactions, relationships, and networks in adolescence and early adulthood.
2. Kapetanovic S, Skoog T, Bohlin M, Gerdner A. Aspects of the parent–adolescent relationship and associations with adolescent risk behaviors over time. Journal of Family Psychology. 2019 Feb;33(1):1.
3. Kapetanovic S, Bohlin M, Skoog T, Gerdner A. Structural relations between sources of parental knowledge, feelings of being overly controlled and risk behaviors in early adolescence. Journal of Family Studies. 2020 Apr 2.
4. Delgado E, Serna C, Martínez I, Cruise E. Parental attachment and peer relationships in adolescence: A systematic review. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2022 Jan 18;19(3):1064.
5. De Vries DA, Vossen HG, van der Kolk–van der Boom P. Social media and body dissatisfaction: investigating the attenuating role of positive parent–adolescent relationships. Journal of youth and adolescence. 2019 Mar 15;48:527-36.
6. Manouchehri M, Harun MM, Baber C. Differential Impacts of Maternal and Paternal Attachments on Adolescent Delinquency: Implications for Counselling. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities. 2024 Jun 3;32. }in Persian}
7. Daspe MÈ, Arbel R, Ramos MC, Shapiro LA, Margolin G. Deviant peers and adolescent risky behaviors: The protective effect of nonverbal display of parental warmth. Journal of research on adolescence. 2019 Dec;29(4):863-78.
8. Rose ID, Lesesne CA, Sun J, Johns MM, Zhang X, Hertz M. The relationship of school connectedness to adolescents’ engagement in co-occurring health risks: A meta-analytic review. The Journal of School Nursing. 2024 Feb;40(1):58-73.
9. Meisel SN, Colder CR. Dyadic and group-level positive friendship characteristics and susceptibility to perceived delinquent peer substance use. The Journal of early adolescence. 2019 Apr;39(4):477-98.
10. Sisk LM, Gee DG. Stress and adolescence: vulnerability and opportunity during a sensitive window of development. Current Opinion in Psychology. 2022 Apr 1;44:286-92.
11. Shulman S, Scharf M. Adolescent psychopathology in Times of Change: The need for integrating a developmental psychopathology perspective. Journal of adolescence. 2018 Jun 1;65:95-100.
12. Nebhinani N, Jain S. Adolescent mental health: Issues, challenges, and solutions. Annals of Indian Psychiatry. 2019 Jan 1;3(1):4-7.
13. Jamali A, Rafiepoor A. The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation in the Relationship Between Parent-Child Relationship Quality and Risky Behaviors in Adolescents. JAYPS [Internet]. 2024 Jan. 7 [cited 2025 Apr. 11];5(1):35-44. Available}in Persian}
14. Skinner ML, Fleming CB, Haggerty KP, Catalano RF. Sex risk behavior among adolescent and young adult children of opiate addicts: Outcomes from the focus on families prevention trial and an examination of childhood and concurrent predictors of sex risk behavior. Prevention Science. 2014 Feb;15(Suppl 1):70-7.
15. Dittus PJ. Parental monitoring and risk behaviors and experiences among high school students—Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2021. MMWR supplements. 2023;72.
16. McGinnis EW, Halvorson-Phelan J, Shanahan L, Guangyu T, Copeland W. Parental supervision positively impacts children’s economic prospects two decades later: A prospective longitudinal study. Plos one. 2023 May 24;18(5):e0286218.
17. Ray JV, Park H. The Influence of Parenting on Delinquency: The Mediating Role of Peers and the Moderating Role of Self-Control. Criminal Justice and Behavior. 2024 Jun;51(6):876-95.
18. Gottfredson NC, Bhushan NL, Reyes HL, Pettifor AE, Kahn K. Effects of early social bonds on adolescent trajectories of sexual risk behaviors among south African girls. AIDS and Behavior. 2022 Apr;26(4):1173-82.
19. Sentino P, Thompson PL, Patterson D, Freeman D. A review of literature: an examination of the correlation between attachment styles and adolescent girls’ sexual behaviors. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment. 2018 Aug 18;28(6):677-94.
20. S., Subhasree and Saranya T.S. “THE POWER OF OPEN COMMUNICATION: EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENT-ADOLESCENT COMMUNICATION AND PROBLEM EXTENT AND THE MODERATING ROLE OF SIBLING INFLUENCE.” International Journal of Advanced Research (2024): n. pag.
21. Romero AJ, Ruiz M. Does familism lead to increased parental monitoring?: Protective factors for coping with risky behaviors. Journal of Child and Family Studies. 2007 Apr;16:143-54.
22. Kim J, Fletcher JM. The influence of classmates on adolescent criminal activities in the United States. Deviant behavior. 2018 Mar 4;39(3):275-92.
23. Rd, Stalnaker. “Overview of Social Development for Adolescents.” Arts and social sciences journal 11 (2020): 1-4.
24. Sahi RS, Eisenberger NI, Silvers JA. Peer facilitation of emotion regulation in adolescence. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience. 2023 Aug 1;62:101262.
25. Organised by: Defactum (Denmark) Chair persons: Julie Christiansen (Denmark), Anne Friis Bo (Denmark). 1. M. Scientific session: Young and lonely–exploring experiences, challenges, and potential solutions. European Journal of Public Health. 2024 Nov;34(Supplement_3):ckae144-053.
26. Parker, G., Tupling, H., and Brown, L.B. (1979). A Parental Bonding Instrument, British Journal of Medical Psychology, 52, 1-10.
27. Singer, M. I., Flannery, D.J., Guo, S., Miller, D. &Leibbrandt.S. (2004). Exposure to violence, parental monitoring, and television viewing as contributors to children’s psychological trauma.Journal of Community Psychology. 32: 489–504. 28. ZADEH MOHAMMADI ALI, AHMADABADI ZOHREH, HEIDARI MAHMOUD. CONSTRUCTION AND ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHOMETRIC FEATURES OF IRANIAN ADOLESCENTS RISK-TAKING SCALE. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY[Internet]. 2011;17(3 (66)):218-225. }in Persian}
29. Hudson, W. D. (1992). Peer Relations Questionnaire.
30. Balapashev B, Tursynbayeva A, Zhangaliyeva A. The actualization of loneliness in modern philosophy. Trans/Form/Ação. 2023 Oct 20;46(4):25-42.
31. Dou K, Lin XQ, Wang YJ. Negative parenting and risk-taking behaviors in Chinese adolescents: Testing a sequential mediation model in a three-wave longitudinal study. Children and Youth Services Review. 2020 Dec 1;119:105631.
32. Zhao L, Li D, Wang Y, Sun W. Parental control and adolescents’ delinquency: The mediating role of deviant peer affiliation. Frontiers in Educational Research. 2020;3(10):81-90.
33. Therriault D, Lemelin JP, Toupin J, Martin‐Storey A, Déry M. Associations between externalizing behavior problems and risky sexual behaviors in adolescence: Attachment as a mediator. Journal of Adolescence. 2024 Feb;96(2):394-410.
34. Keyzers A, Weiler L, Haddock S, Doty J. Family problem-solving and attachment quality: Associations with adolescent risk-taking behavior. Journal of Youth Development. 2019 Mar 12;14(1):70-92.
35. Amirpour, B., Amini, K., Fathi Ahmad Sorai, N., Kalhornia Golkar, M. The predicting role of social trust and parenting styles in runaways from home. Strategic Research on Social Problems, 2016; 4(3): 39-50. }in Persian}
36. Zokaeifar, A., mousazadeh, T. The Role of Parental Parenting Styles in Predicting Social Development of Preschool Children 5 and 6. Social Psychology Research, 2020; 10(37): 87-100. doi: 10.22034/spr.2020.109698}in Persian}
37. Farzaneh, H., sotodeh asl, N., kohsari, R., jahan, F. Presenting a Causal Model of Tendency to High-Risk Behaviors Based on Religious Attitude and Parental Parenting Styles: Mediated by Time Vision. Social Psychology Research, 2021; 11(42): 35-52. doi: 10.22034/spr.2021.261707.1620}in Persian}
38. SOHRABI FARAMARZ, Jameian Delaram, Pourasadi Zahra. The Role of Perceived Social Support and Coping Styles in Predicting Aggression and Vulnerability to Corona Stress in Adolescents. PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES[Internet]. 2021;17(3 ):157-178. }in Persian}
39. Rahdar, M., Seydi, M. S., rashidi, A. Path analysis of family leisure to social development by mediating the quality of Parent-Adolescent communication and the quality of Relationships with Peers. Social Psychology Research, 2020; 10(37): 29-44. doi: 10.22034/spr.2020.109695}in Persian}
40. Saadati, M. A Sociological Study of the Role of Social Process in Explaining Risky Behaviors. Strategic Research on Social Problems, 2020; 9(2): 109-134. doi: 10.22108/srspi.2020.122697.1543}in Persian}
41. Xia M, Fosco GM, Bray BC, Grych JH. Constellations of family closeness and adolescent friendship quality. Family Relations. 2022 Apr;71(2):644-59.
42. Mohsen Shakerinasab , Zohreh Galeh Novi, Elahe Baqerzadeh, Farzaneh Asiaeei, The relationship between religiosity and attitude towards parents with a tendency to drug abuse In the students of Bojnourd city, Journal of North Khorasan Disciplinary Knowledge, 2020; 7(26): 83-105. magiran.com/p2643566}in Persian}
43. Mansooreh Dastranj , A Study of the Role Family On Delinquent Behaviour Of Adolescent and Youthin Bastak City in Year 2019, Police Women, 2020; 14(32): 77-97. magiran.com/p2179434}in Persian}
44. Demirci Z. The Relationship Between Family Interaction Quality and Adolescent Mental Health with a Focus on Parental Roles in Reconstituted Families. Studies in Social Science & Humanities. 2024 Nov 29;3(11):34-8.
45. Marth S, Cook N, Bain P, Lindert J. Family factors contribute to mental health conditions–a systematic review. European Journal of Public Health. 2022 Oct 1;32(Supplement_3):ckac129-454.
