نقش بهزیستی معنوی و ادراک انصاف در تبیین ویژگیهای شخصیت جامعهستیز: مطالعهای در میان زندانیان شیراز
محورهای موضوعی : آسیب های اجتماعی و ارتباطات
1 - استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.
کلید واژه: شخصیت جامعهستیز, بهزیستی معنوی, ادراک انصاف, زندان,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش بهزیستی معنوی و ابعاد ادراک انصاف در پیشبینی ویژگیهای شخصیت جامعهستیز در افراد بزرگسال انجام شد. روش پژوهش، توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بود و جامعهی آماری شامل کلیه زندانیان زندان مرکزی شیراز (عادلآباد) بود. نمونهای به حجم ۱۹۰ نفر (۹۵ زن و ۹۵ مرد) با روش نمونهگیری در دسترس انتخاب شد. ابزارهای مورد استفاده شامل پرسشنامه ادراک انصاف پری (۲۰۰۴)، مقیاس بهزیستی معنوی پالوتزیان و الیسون (۱۹۸۷)، و پرسشنامه چندمحوری بالینی میلون- (MCMI-III ۱۹۹۴) بودند. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد که مؤلفههای بهزیستی معنوی، شامل بهزیستی وجودی و مذهبی، بهصورت منفی و معناداری ویژگیهای شخصیت جامعهستیز را پیشبینی میکنند. همچنین مؤلفههای ادراک انصاف، از جمله انصاف در خانه، انصاف در خرج کردن و عدالت و انصاف در اجتماع، نیز رابطه منفی و معناداری با ویژگیهای جامعهستیز داشته و توان پیشبینی آن را دارند. بر اساس یافتهها میتوان نتیجه گرفت که ویژگیهای شخصیت جامعهستیز در زنان و مردان بر اساس بهزیستی معنوی و ادراک انصاف قابل پیشبینی است.
The present study aimed to examine the role of spiritual well-being and dimensions of perceived fairness in predicting antisocial personality traits in adults. The research method was descriptive-correlational, and the statistical population included all inmates of Shiraz Central Prison (Adelabad). A sample of 190 individuals (95 women and 95 men) was selected using a convenience sampling method. The instruments used included the Perceived Fairness Questionnaire by Perry (2004), the Spiritual Well-being Scale by Paloutzian and Ellison (1987), and the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory–III (MCMI-III, 1994). Regression analysis results indicated that components of spiritual well-being, including existential and religious well-being, significantly and negatively predicted antisocial personality traits. Furthermore, components of perceived fairness—such as fairness at home, fairness in spending, and justice in society—also showed significant negative relationships with antisocial traits and had predictive power. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that antisocial personality traits in both women and men can be predicted through spiritual well-being and perceived fairness.
References Abbasi, F., Ghasemi, N. (2019). The effectiveness of group logotherapy on reducing aggression and increasing psychological well-being of female prisoners. Journal of Women's Mental Health, 8 (2), 50–62. [In Persian]
Abdi, M., Naseri, H. (2006). The effectiveness of self-control training on reducing conduct disorder symptoms in children with maladaptive behaviors. Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 10 (2), 11–28. [In Persian]
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th Ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.
Aslamzai, M., Del, D., Sajid, S. A. (2024). The Impact of Negative Moral Character on Health and the Role of Spirituality: A Narrative Literature Review. Journal of Religion and Health. 63, 1117–1153. DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01942-0.
Colquitt, J. A., Conlon, D. E., Wesson, M. J., Porter, C. O., Ng, K. Y. (2001). Justice at the millennium: A meta-analytic review of 25 years of organizational justice research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86 (3), 425–445. DOI: 10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.425
Fisher, J. W. (2011). The four domains model: Connecting spirituality, health and well-being. Religions, 2 (1), 17–28. DOI: 10.3390/rel2010017
Frick, P. J., Hare, R. D., Thornton, D. (1994). The Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD): Technical manual. Toronto, ON: Multi-Health Systems.
Gilligan, C. (1982). In a different voice: Psychological theory and women's development. Harvard University Press.
Heap, V., Black, A., & Rodgers, Z. (2023). Procedural justice and process-based models: Understanding how practitioners utilize Community Protection Notices to regulate antisocial behavior. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 24(3), 629-647. DOI: 10.1177/17488958221151113.
Hosseini, M., Yousefi, A. (2021). The relationship between spiritual well-being and coping styles with antisocial personality traits in students. Health Psychology Quarterly, 9(3), 101–118. [In Persian]
Khalighi, N., Hosseini, S., Ghorbani, M. (2022). The role of emotion regulation and perceived justice in predicting antisocial personality traits in adults. Health Psychology Quarterly, 11(4), 55–70. [In Persian]
Khodabakhshi, S., Mirhosseini, N. (2022). The relationship between spiritual well-being with social adjustment and coping styles in adolescents. Journal of Psychology and Religion, 14(2), 22–35. [In Persian]
Koenig, H. G. (2015). Religion, spirituality, and health: A review and update. Advances in Mind-Body Medicine, 29 (3), 19–26.
Kowsari, M., Soleimani, F. (2021). Predicting antisocial personality disorder based on attachment styles and perceived justice in the family. Journal of Personality Psychology Studies, 18(1), 63–79. [In Persian]
Mahoney, A., Cano, A. (2014). Introduction to the special section on religion and spirituality in family life: Delving into relational spirituality for couples. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 6 (1), 1–6. DOI: 10.1037/a0036020.
Mahoney, A., Pargament, K. I., Tarakeshwar, N., Swank, A. B. (2014). Religion in the home in the 1980s and 1990s: A meta-analytic review and conceptual analysis of links between religion, marriage, and parenting. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 6 (1), 1–14.
Mousavi, R., Maleki, S. (2020). Prediction of tendency to high-risk behaviors based on spiritual well-being and coping styles. Journal of Psychology and Religion, 12(1), 75–90. [In Persian]
Naderi, A., Sharifi, H. (2017). The role of perceived justice in predicting social behaviors in adolescents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 11(1), 23–37. [In Persian]
Paloutzian, R. F., Ellison, C. W. (1982). Loneliness, spiritual well-being and the quality of life. In L. A. Peplau, D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy (pp. 224–237). Wiley.
Pargament, K. I. (2013). Spiritually integrated psychotherapy: Understanding and addressing the sacred. Guilford Press.
Pargament, K. I., Mahoney, A., Exline, J. J., Jones, J. W., Shafranske, E. P. (2011). APA handbook of psychology, religion, and spirituality (Vol. 1): Context, theory, and research. American Psychological Association. DOI: 10.1037/12016-000
Sadeghi, F., Mohammadi, A. (2018). The relationship between attachment styles, self-control, and antisocial behaviors in male adolescents. Social Psychology Quarterly, 13(2), 91–105. [In Persian]
Shiri, A., Sharifi, N., Zabihi, F. (2014). The effect of life skills training on reducing risky behaviors in adolescents with antisocial tendencies. Social Health Journal, 5(3), 21–33. [In Persian]
Tofighi, N., Shokrkon, H. (2009). Construction and psychometric properties of the Antisocial Personality Scale. Psychology Quarterly, 13(49), 360–380. [In Persian]
Tyler, T. R., Lind, E. A. (2000). Procedural justice. In T. R. Tyler, R. M. Kramer, J. Olson (Eds.), The psychology of the social self (pp. 65–82). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Tyler, T. R., Lind, E. A. (2002). A relational model of authority in groups. In M. P.
