تأملی بر تعدادی از روشهای تثبیت پروتئین روی بستر سطوح جامدات یا نانوذرات
محورهای موضوعی : زیست شناسی
1 - استادیار مرکز تحقیقات نانوبیوتکنولوژی دانشکده علوم پزشکی دانشگاه بقیه ا...
کلید واژه: تثبیت, پروتئین, فعالیت, آنزیم, بستر,
چکیده مقاله :
تثبیت، محدود کردن و یا ناتوان سازی تحرک گونه در یک محیط می باشد و فرایندی که در آن آنزیم یا پروتئین به صورت فیزیکی یا شیمیایی در فضایی از یک بستر تعیین شده همراه با حفظ فعالیت کاتالیتیکی و یا عملکردی محدود می شود را تثبیت پروتئین یا آنزیم می گویند. آنزیم ها و پروتئین های تثبیت شده بطور گسترده ای در بسیاری از زمینه ها مورد استفاده قرارگرفته و دارای کاربردهای پزشکی و صنعتی می باشند. آنزیم ها و پروتئین های تثبیت شده پتانسیل زیادی در آنالیزهای کلینیکی، صنعتی و نمونه های محیطی دارند و به میزان بالایی در زمینه ارسال و انتقال دارو به سیستم های مختلف زیستی و شناسایی تومورها، متابولیسم دارو، صنعت غذا، تولید سوخت زیستی و پاکسازی زیستی مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند. در حال حاضر پروتئین تثبیت شده به طور معمول در صنایع کشاورزی، مواد غذایی و در زمینه های پزشکی برای تشخیص و درمان بیماری های مختلف مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند. ابداع روشهای کارآمد تثبیت در پروتئین های مختلف مانند آنتی بادی ها، آنزیم ها، گیرنده ها موجب ایجاد تحولات اساسی در زمینه های پزشکی شده است. روشهای تثبیت فیزیکی و شیمیایی متنوعی ارائه شده است که هر کدام مزایا م معایب خود را دارند اما بنظر می رسد روشهای تثبیت کوالان مناسبترین است زیرا پایدار بوده و زمینه استقرار جهت دار پروتئین بر سطح بستر را فراهم می کند. لازم به ذکر است که ویژگی های بستر و روش تثبیت از موارد مهم در تثبیت پروتئین به شمار می روند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Stabilization is the restriction or incapacitation of the mobility of a species in an environment, and the process in which an enzyme or protein is physically or chemically confined in a defined space of a substrate while maintaining catalytic or functional activity is called protein or enzyme immobilization. Stabilized enzymes and proteins are widely used in many fields and have medical and industrial applications. Stabilized enzymes and proteins have great potential in clinical, industrial and environmental analysis and are widely used in the field of drug delivery and transfer to various biological systems and tumor identification, drug metabolism, food industry, biofuel production and bioremediation. Currently, stabilized proteins are commonly used in agricultural, food and medical industries for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. The development of efficient immobilization methods in various proteins such as antibodies, enzymes, receptors has caused fundamental changes in the medical fields. Various physical and chemical immobilization methods have been proposed, each with its own advantages and disadvantages, but covalent immobilization methods seem to be the most suitable because they are stable and provide the basis for directional protein deposition on the substrate surface. It should be noted that the characteristics of the immobilization substrate and the immobilization method are important factors in protein immobilization.
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[2]., Yasmin R. Maghraby, Rehan M. El-Shabasy, Ahmed H. Ibrahim, and Hassan Mohamed El-Said Azzazy, “Enzyme Immobilization Technologies and Industrial Applications”, ACS Omega 2023, 8, 6, 5184–5196,
[3]. Nguyen HH, Lee SH, Lee UJ, Fermin CD, Kim M. “Immobilized Enzymes in Biosensor Applications”. Materials (Basel). 2019 Jan 2;12(1):121. doi: 10.3390/ma12010121. PMID: 30609693; PMCID: PMC6337536. Materials (Basel). 2019 Jan; 12(1): 121.
[4]. Rigo, E., Ninow, J. L., Di Luccio, M., Oliveira, J. V., Polloni, A. E., Remonatto, D., Arbter, F., Vardanega, R., De Oliveira, D., Treichel, H., (2010), “Lipase production by solid fermentation of soybean meal with different supplements”. LWT Food Sci. Technol., 43: 1132-1137.
[5]. Sharma, R., Chisti, Y. and Banerjee, U. C., (2001), “Production, purification, characterization, and applications of lipases”, Biotechnol. Adv., 19, 627-662.
[6]. Hou, C. T., (2002), Industrial uses of lipases, in: Kuo, T. M. and Gardner, H. W. (Eds), Lipid Biotechnology, pp. 387-397, New York, Basel: Marcel Dekker.
[7]. Bilal, M., et al., “Magnetic nanoparticles as versatile carriers for enzymes immobilization: A review”. International journal of biological macromolecules, 2018
[8]. Homaei, A.A., et al., “Enzyme immobilization: an update”. Journal of chemical biology, 2013. 6(4): p. 185-205
[9]. Begam MS, Pradeep FS, Pradeep BV. “Production, purification, characterization and applications of lipase from Serratia marcescens MBB05”. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2012;5(4):237-45.
[10]. Prem Chandra, Enespa, Ranjan Singh, and Pankaj Kumar Arora, “Microbial lipases and their industrial applications: a comprehensive review”, Microb. Cell. Fact. (2020) 19: 169. doi: 10.1186/s12934-020-01428-8 (Microbial Cell Factories )
[11]. Isabela Abreu Trindade Ximenes, Pamella Christina Ortega de Oliveira, Camila Anchau Wegermann, Marcela Cristina de Moraes, “Magnetic particles for enzyme immobilization: A versatile support for ligand screening”, Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, Volume 204, 10 September 2021, 114286
[12]. Muhammad Bilal, Sarmad Ahmad Qamar, Diego Carballares, Ángel Berenguer-Murcia, Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente, “Proteases immobilized on nanomaterials for biocatalytic, environmenta l and biomedical applications: Advantages and drawbacks”, Biotechnology Advances, Volume 70, January–February 2024, 108304, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108304
[13]. Ansari, S.A. and Q. Husain, “Potential applications of enzymes immobilized on/in nano materials: a review”. Biotechnology advances, 2012. 30(3): p. 512-523.
[14]. Kim, J., J.W. Grate, and P. Wang, “Nanobiocatalysis and its potential applications”. Trends in biotechnology, 2008. 26(11): p. 639-646.
[15]. Tripathi, A., et al., “Improved bio-catalytic conversion by novel immobilization process using cryogel beads to increase solvent production”. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2010. 47(1-2): p. 44-51.
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