The Impact of Planting Date, Foliar Iron and Zinc Nanofertilizer Application, and Ascorbic Acid on Fennel Yield, Yield Components, and Chlorophyll Content in a Climatic Environment (Case Study: Ilam Province)
محورهای موضوعی : Research On Crop EcophysiologyMohsen Hatami 1 , Farzad Babaei 2 , عباس ملکی 3 , علیرضا طاهری 4 , علیرضا پازکی 5
1 - PhD student, Agrotechnology Department, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran (Corresponding author)
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Agrotechnology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran
3 - استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ایلام
4 - دانشیار گروه شیمی ، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام، ایران
5 - دانشیار، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، واحد یادگار امام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرری، ایران
کلید واژه: Keywords: Fennel, Plant dates, Ascorbic acid, Chlorophyll, Nanofertilizer,
چکیده مقاله :
The Impact of Planting Date, Foliar Iron and Zinc Nanofertilizer Application, and Ascorbic Acid on Fennel Yield, Yield Components, and Chlorophyll Content in a Climatic Environment (Case Study: Ilam Province) MOHSEN HATAMI 1*, FARZAD BABAEI 2, ABBAS MALEKI 3, ALIREZA TAHERI 4, ALIREZA PAZOKI 5 1- PhD student, Agrotechnology Department, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran (Corresponding author) 2- Assistant Professor, Department of Agrotechnology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran 3- Associate Professor, Department of Agrotechnology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran 4- Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran 5- Associate Professor, Department of Agrotechnology, Yadegar Imam Khomeini (RA) Branch, Shahr-e Ray, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e Ray, Iran *Corresponding author’s E-mail: mohsen.hatami1039@gmail.com Received: 10 November 2024 Accepted: 20 JANUARY 2025 ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine how the climatic conditions of Ilam Province during the 2023 growing season affected the yield, yield components, and chlorophyll content of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) in relation to planting date, foliar application of iron and zinc nanofertilizers, and ascorbic acid. Using a split factorial design based on a randomized complete block design with three replications, the experiment was conducted in two different climatic regions (Karzan, which is cold temperate, and Shabab, which is warm temperate). Planting dates (10, 20, and 30 Ordibehesht (Solar Hijri Calendar)), iron and zinc nanofertilizers (applied versus non-applied), and ascorbic acid at four concentrations (0, 4, 6, and 10 g/L) were all included in the experimental treatments. Grain yield, essential oil yield, number of umbels and umbellets per plant, number of seeds per umbellet, thousand-seed weight, and harvest index were all significantly decreased by delayed planting and higher temperatures. Later planting dates, however, resulted in a higher percentage of essential oil. The application of 6 mM ascorbic acid along with iron and zinc nanofertilizers at the earliest planting date produced the highest yield and quality indices. In addition to improving the leaves' relative water content, chlorophyll content, and leaf area index, ascorbic acid and nanofertilizer treatments also increased the activity of specific antioxidant enzymes, soluble sugars, and leaf protein content. Overall, applying iron and zinc nanofertilizers along with ascorbic acid at the ideal planting time can be regarded as a successful tactic for raising fennel production both quantitatively and qualitatively in Iran's varied climate. Keywords: Fennel, Plant dates, Ascorbic acid, Chlorophyll, Nanofertilizer
The Impact of Planting Date, Foliar Iron and Zinc Nanofertilizer Application, and Ascorbic Acid on Fennel Yield, Yield Components, and Chlorophyll Content in a Climatic Environment (Case Study: Ilam Province) MOHSEN HATAMI 1*, FARZAD BABAEI 2, ABBAS MALEKI 3, ALIREZA TAHERI 4, ALIREZA PAZOKI 5 1- PhD student, Agrotechnology Department, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran (Corresponding author) 2- Assistant Professor, Department of Agrotechnology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran 3- Associate Professor, Department of Agrotechnology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran 4- Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran 5- Associate Professor, Department of Agrotechnology, Yadegar Imam Khomeini (RA) Branch, Shahr-e Ray, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e Ray, Iran *Corresponding author’s E-mail: mohsen.hatami1039@gmail.com Received: 10 November 2024 Accepted: 20 JANUARY 2025 ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine how the climatic conditions of Ilam Province during the 2023 growing season affected the yield, yield components, and chlorophyll content of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) in relation to planting date, foliar application of iron and zinc nanofertilizers, and ascorbic acid. Using a split factorial design based on a randomized complete block design with three replications, the experiment was conducted in two different climatic regions (Karzan, which is cold temperate, and Shabab, which is warm temperate). Planting dates (10, 20, and 30 Ordibehesht (Solar Hijri Calendar)), iron and zinc nanofertilizers (applied versus non-applied), and ascorbic acid at four concentrations (0, 4, 6, and 10 g/L) were all included in the experimental treatments. Grain yield, essential oil yield, number of umbels and umbellets per plant, number of seeds per umbellet, thousand-seed weight, and harvest index were all significantly decreased by delayed planting and higher temperatures. Later planting dates, however, resulted in a higher percentage of essential oil. The application of 6 mM ascorbic acid along with iron and zinc nanofertilizers at the earliest planting date produced the highest yield and quality indices. In addition to improving the leaves' relative water content, chlorophyll content, and leaf area index, ascorbic acid and nanofertilizer treatments also increased the activity of specific antioxidant enzymes, soluble sugars, and leaf protein content. Overall, applying iron and zinc nanofertilizers along with ascorbic acid at the ideal planting time can be regarded as a successful tactic for raising fennel production both quantitatively and qualitatively in Iran's varied climate. Keywords: Fennel, Plant dates, Ascorbic acid, Chlorophyll, Nanofertilizer
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