کیفیت پس از برداشت و عمر گلجایی گل شب بو (Matthiola incana [Xmas]) تحت تنش دمایی: نقش پیش تیمارهای کیتوزان، کلرید کلسیم، تیوسولفات نقره و عصاره اکالیپتوس
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی
1 - گروه فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، واح چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران
کلید واژه: کیتوزان, گلچه, خمش ساقه, پس از برداشت, عمرگلجایی,
چکیده مقاله :
شب بو (Matthiola incana [X mas]) گیاهی زینتی گلدار و از خانواده کلمسانان است که فصل گلدهی کوتاهی دارد. هدف از این تحقیق افزایش عمر شاخه بریده شب بو بوده و این آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل، با دو فاکتور دما در دو سطح 10 و 18 درجه سانتیگراد و ترکیبات شیمیایی در هشت سطح با 16 تیمار در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار و 48 پلات و در هر پلات سه شاخه و در مجموع 144 شاخه انجام شد. صفات عمرگلجایی، باکتری انتهای ساقه، کاتالاز و پراکسیداز، آنتوسیانین گلبرگ، کربوهیدرات برگ، میزان آب برگ، ساقه و گلبرگ، کلروفیل، نشت یونی، جذب محلول، تغییرات قطر گلچه، کاهش وزن تر شاخه گل و درصد ماده خشک مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. پیش تیمار کیتوزان 90 میلی گرم در لیتر از گروه 10 درجه سانتی گراد باز شدن گلچه ها را به تاخیر انداخت و بهدلیل نرم شدن ساقه، خمش ساقه مشاهده شد ولی درگل های پیش تیمار شده با ترکیب کیتوزان 90 میلی گرم در لیتر بههمراه کلریدکلسیم 120 میلی گرم در لیتر گروه 10 درجه سانتیگراد بدلیل حفظ و استحکام دیواره سلولی توسط کلسیم و حفظ ایستایی ساقه گل، نرم شدن و خمش ساقه ایجاد نشده و بطور قابلتوجهی عمرگلجایی (28/66 روز) افزایش یافت.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Matthiola incana [Xmas] is a commercially valuable ornamental species from the Brassicaceae family, but its short vase life significantly limits its marketability. This study aimed to improve the vase life and postharvest quality of Matthiola cut flowers through a 24h pulsing with chitosan (CS) 90 mg/l, applied alone or in combination with calcium chloride (CaCl2), silver thiosulfate (STS) and eucalyptus extract (Eu) at concentrations of 90 and 120 mg/l. A factorial experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with 16 treatments, 3 replicates, 48 plots and 144 cut flowers. The experiment also tested two storage temperature conditions 10 and 18˚C. Physiological and biochemical parameters including vase life, stem end bacteria, CAT and POD, petal anthocyanin, leaf carbohydrate, leaf, stem and petal water, chlorophyll, electrolyte leakage, solution uptake, floret diameter, fresh weight loss and dry matter were measured. The results showed that pretreatment with CS at 90 mg/l under 10˚C storage delayed floret opening but induced neck bending due to stem softening. In contrast, the combined application of CS and CaCl2 significantly reduced stem bending, improved structural integrity, and extended vase life to 28.66 days.
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Asao, S., Way, D. A., Turnbull, M. H., Stitt, M., McDowell, N. G., Reich, P. B., Bloomfield, K. J., Zaragoza-Castells, J., Creek, D., O'Sullivan, O., Crous, K. Y., Egerton, J. J. G., Mirotchnick, N., Weerasinghe, L. K., Griffin, K. L., Hurry, V., Meir, P., Sitch, S. and Atkin, O. K. 2025. Leaf nonstructural carbohydrate residence time, not concentration, correlates with leaf functional traits following the leaf economic spectrum in woody plants. New Phytologist, 246 (4): 1505-1519.
Asgari, M., Karimi, A., Hosseini, F. and Zhang, L. 2025. Flower senescence: A comprehensive update on hormonal regulation and molecular aspects of petal death. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 216: 113299.
Bradford, M. M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72(1-2): 248-254.
Casalini, S. and Giacinti Baschetti, M. 2022. The use of essential oils in chitosan or cellulose-based materials for the production of active food packing solutions. Wiley, 103 (3): 1021-1041.
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Chen, D., Yang, T., Chen, H., Zhang, X., Huang, F., Wan, S., Lu, Z., Liu, C., Lei, Y., Jiang, H., Liao, B., King, G. J., Lysak, M. A., Tan, C. and Ge, X. 2025. Largest genome assembly in Brassicaceae: retrotransposon-driven genome expansion and karyotype evolution in Matthiola incana. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 23(9): 4109-4125.
Chen, Y. H., Miller, W. B. and Hay, A. 2023. Postharvest bacterial succession on cut flower and vase water. PLOS ONE, 18 (10): e0292537.
da Silva Bruni, A.R., da Silva Alves, E., da Costa, J.C.M., Friedrichsen, J.D.S.A., Silva, L.G.Z., de Oliveira Santos Junior, O. and Bonafé, E.G. 2024. Extending the postharvest shelf life of strawberries through a k-carrageenan/starch-based coating enriched with zinc oxide nanoparticles. ACS Food Science & Technology, 4(12): 2967-2979.
de Oliveira Filho, J.G., Braga, A.R.C., de Oliveira, B.R., Gomes, F.P., Moreira, V.L., Pereira, V.A.C. and Egea, M. B. 2021. The potential of anthocyanins in smart, active, and bioactive eco friendly polymer based films: A review. Food Research International, 142: 110202.
Ebrahimipour Bafghi, M., DehestaniArdakani, M. and Golbarnejhad, J. 2020. Effect of pomegranate peel extract, Rosmarinus and artemisia essential oils on vase life of cut chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium R.). Journal of Plant Productions (Agronomy, Breeding and Horticulture), 43 (1): 129-143.
Egorov, A.R., Kirichuk, A.A., Rubanik, V.V., Rubanik, V.V., Tskhovrebov, A.G. and Kritchenkov, A.S. 2023. Chitosan and its derivatives: Preparation and antibacterial properties. Materials, 16: 6076.
Ehsanimehr, N., Hosseinifarahi, M., Abdipour, M., Eshghi, S. and Jamali, B. 2024. Improving postharvest quality and vase life of cut rose flowers by pre harvest foliar co applications of γ aminobutyric acid and calcium chloride. Scientific Reports, 14: 14520.
Elhindi, K. M. 2012. Evaluation of several holding solutions for prolonging vase-life and keeping quality of cut sweet pea flowers (Lathyrus odoratus L.). Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 19 (2): 195-202.
El Sayed, I. M., Salim, R. G., El Haggar, E. F., El Ziat, R. A. and Soliman, D. M. 2020. Molecular characterization and positive impact of brassinosteroids and chitosan on Solidago canadensis cv. Tara characteristics. Horticulture, 6 (4): 100.
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